feat: DHL-Sendungsverlauf direkt auf der Tracking-Seite anzeigen
/bestellung-verfolgen holt den Sendungsverlauf serverseitig ueber die DHL Shipment Tracking - Unified API und zeigt ihn im eigenen Layout an, statt Kundschaft auf dhl.de weiterzuleiten. - lib/dhl-tracking.ts: Abfrage mit API-Key, Zod-Validierung, Timeout, Cache pro Sendung (unterwegs 10 min, zugestellt 12 h, Fehler 2 min) - Abfrage erst nach erfolgreicher Pruefung von Bestellnummer + E-Mail, damit die Seite nicht als offener Proxy zu DHL dient - Ohne freigeschalteten Key bleibt die Seite unveraendert (Nummer + Link) - Optional DHL_TRACKING_API_KEY, falls das Tracking in eigener DHL-App liegt - Datenschutzerklaerung um die Statusabfrage bei DHL ergaenzt Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <[email protected]>
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Nick SzaunigandClaude Opus 5.5 committed
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import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach, afterEach, vi } from "vitest";
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const ENV_KEYS = ["DHL_API_KEY", "DHL_TRACKING_API_KEY"] as const;
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const originalEnv: Record<string, string | undefined> = {};
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function jsonResponse(body: unknown, status = 200): Response {
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return new Response(JSON.stringify(body), { status, headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" } });
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}
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/** Ein Ereignis im Format der DHL Shipment Tracking – Unified API. */
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function dhlEvent(overrides: Record<string, unknown> = {}) {
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return {
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timestamp: "2026-09-24T08:15:00Z",
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location: { address: { addressLocality: "Augsburg", postalCode: "86150", countryCode: "DE" } },
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statusCode: "transit",
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status: "In Zustellung",
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description: "Die Sendung wurde in das Zustellfahrzeug geladen.",
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...overrides,
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};
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}
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function dhlPayload(shipmentOverrides: Record<string, unknown> = {}) {
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return {
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shipments: [
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{
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id: "00340434161234567890",
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service: "parcel-de",
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status: dhlEvent(),
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estimatedTimeOfDelivery: "2026-09-25T18:00:00Z",
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events: [
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dhlEvent({
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timestamp: "2026-09-23T17:40:00Z",
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statusCode: "pre-transit",
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status: "Elektronisch angekündigt",
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description: "Die Sendung wurde elektronisch angekündigt.",
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location: undefined,
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}),
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dhlEvent(),
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],
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...shipmentOverrides,
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},
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],
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};
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}
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const QUERY = { trackingNumber: "00340434161234567890", postalCode: "86450", locale: "de" as const };
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// dhl-tracking.ts haelt Ergebnisse in einem modulweiten Cache — pro Test ein
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// frisches Modul, damit kein Treffer aus einem vorherigen Test den erwarteten
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// fetch-Aufruf stillschweigend ueberspringt (gleiches Muster wie dhl.test.ts).
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beforeEach(() => {
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vi.resetModules();
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for (const key of ENV_KEYS) {
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originalEnv[key] = process.env[key];
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delete process.env[key];
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}
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vi.spyOn(console, "warn").mockImplementation(() => {});
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});
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afterEach(() => {
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for (const key of ENV_KEYS) {
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if (originalEnv[key] === undefined) delete process.env[key];
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else process.env[key] = originalEnv[key];
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}
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vi.unstubAllGlobals();
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vi.restoreAllMocks();
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});
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describe("parseTrackingResponse", () => {
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it("liefert Status, voraussichtliche Zustellung und Ereignisse, neuestes zuerst", async () => {
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const { parseTrackingResponse } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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const info = parseTrackingResponse(dhlPayload());
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expect(info?.status).toBe("transit");
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expect(info?.statusText).toBe("In Zustellung");
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expect(info?.estimatedDelivery?.toISOString()).toBe("2026-09-25T18:00:00.000Z");
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expect(info?.events.map((e) => e.status)).toEqual(["transit", "pre-transit"]);
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expect(info?.events[0].location).toBe("Augsburg");
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expect(info?.events[1].location).toBeNull();
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});
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it("bildet unbekannte Statuscodes auf 'unknown' ab, statt die Antwort zu verwerfen", async () => {
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const { parseTrackingResponse } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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const info = parseTrackingResponse(dhlPayload({ status: dhlEvent({ statusCode: "neuer-code" }) }));
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expect(info?.status).toBe("unknown");
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});
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it("ueberspringt Ereignisse mit ungueltigem Zeitstempel", async () => {
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const { parseTrackingResponse } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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const info = parseTrackingResponse(dhlPayload({ events: [dhlEvent({ timestamp: "kein-datum" }), dhlEvent()] }));
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expect(info?.events).toHaveLength(1);
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});
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it("kuerzt uebermaessig lange Texte, damit eine fremde Antwort das Layout nicht sprengt", async () => {
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const { parseTrackingResponse } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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const info = parseTrackingResponse(dhlPayload({ events: [dhlEvent({ description: "x".repeat(5000) })] }));
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expect(info?.events[0].description.length).toBeLessThanOrEqual(300);
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});
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it("liefert null bei einer Antwort ohne Sendung", async () => {
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const { parseTrackingResponse } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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expect(parseTrackingResponse({ shipments: [] })).toBeNull();
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expect(parseTrackingResponse("<html>")).toBeNull();
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});
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});
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describe("getDhlTracking", () => {
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it("ruft ohne API-Key das Netzwerk gar nicht erst auf", async () => {
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const fetchMock = vi.fn();
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vi.stubGlobal("fetch", fetchMock);
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const { getDhlTracking } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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await expect(getDhlTracking(QUERY)).resolves.toEqual({ kind: "disabled" });
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expect(fetchMock).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
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});
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it("schickt eine offensichtlich ungueltige Sendungsnummer nicht an DHL", async () => {
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process.env.DHL_API_KEY = "api-key";
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const fetchMock = vi.fn();
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vi.stubGlobal("fetch", fetchMock);
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const { getDhlTracking } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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await expect(getDhlTracking({ ...QUERY, trackingNumber: "../x?y=1" })).resolves.toEqual({ kind: "not-found" });
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expect(fetchMock).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
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});
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it("fragt mit API-Key-Header, Service, PLZ und Sprache an und liefert die Ereignisse", async () => {
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process.env.DHL_API_KEY = "api-key";
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const fetchMock = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(jsonResponse(dhlPayload()));
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vi.stubGlobal("fetch", fetchMock);
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const { getDhlTracking } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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const result = await getDhlTracking(QUERY);
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expect(result.kind).toBe("ok");
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const [url, init] = fetchMock.mock.calls[0] as [string, RequestInit];
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const parsedUrl = new URL(url);
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expect(parsedUrl.origin + parsedUrl.pathname).toBe("https://api-eu.dhl.com/track/shipments");
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expect(parsedUrl.searchParams.get("trackingNumber")).toBe(QUERY.trackingNumber);
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expect(parsedUrl.searchParams.get("service")).toBe("parcel-de");
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expect(parsedUrl.searchParams.get("recipientPostalCode")).toBe("86450");
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expect(parsedUrl.searchParams.get("language")).toBe("de");
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expect((init.headers as Record<string, string>)["DHL-API-Key"]).toBe("api-key");
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});
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it("bevorzugt DHL_TRACKING_API_KEY, falls das Tracking in einer eigenen DHL-App freigeschaltet ist", async () => {
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process.env.DHL_API_KEY = "shipping-key";
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process.env.DHL_TRACKING_API_KEY = "tracking-key";
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const fetchMock = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(jsonResponse(dhlPayload()));
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vi.stubGlobal("fetch", fetchMock);
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const { getDhlTracking } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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await getDhlTracking(QUERY);
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const [, init] = fetchMock.mock.calls[0] as [string, RequestInit];
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expect((init.headers as Record<string, string>)["DHL-API-Key"]).toBe("tracking-key");
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});
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it("beantwortet eine wiederholte Abfrage aus dem Cache, um das DHL-Kontingent zu schonen", async () => {
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process.env.DHL_API_KEY = "api-key";
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const fetchMock = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(jsonResponse(dhlPayload()));
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vi.stubGlobal("fetch", fetchMock);
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const { getDhlTracking } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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await getDhlTracking(QUERY);
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await getDhlTracking(QUERY);
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expect(fetchMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
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});
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it("meldet 404 als 'not-found' — die Sendung ist DHL (noch) nicht bekannt", async () => {
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process.env.DHL_API_KEY = "api-key";
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vi.stubGlobal("fetch", vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(jsonResponse({ status: 404 }, 404)));
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const { getDhlTracking } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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await expect(getDhlTracking(QUERY)).resolves.toEqual({ kind: "not-found" });
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});
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it.each([
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["Kontingent erschoepft", () => Promise.resolve(jsonResponse({}, 429))],
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["falscher Key", () => Promise.resolve(jsonResponse({}, 401))],
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["Netzwerkfehler", () => Promise.reject(new TypeError("fetch failed"))],
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["kaputtes JSON", () => Promise.resolve(new Response("<html>", { status: 200 }))],
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])("liefert bei %s 'unavailable' statt die Seite scheitern zu lassen", async (_label, impl) => {
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process.env.DHL_API_KEY = "api-key";
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vi.stubGlobal("fetch", vi.fn().mockImplementation(impl));
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const { getDhlTracking } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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await expect(getDhlTracking(QUERY)).resolves.toEqual({ kind: "unavailable" });
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});
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it("wiederholt eine fehlgeschlagene Abfrage nicht sofort, sondern haelt kurz Abstand", async () => {
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process.env.DHL_API_KEY = "api-key";
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const fetchMock = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(jsonResponse({}, 429));
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vi.stubGlobal("fetch", fetchMock);
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const { getDhlTracking } = await import("./dhl-tracking");
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await getDhlTracking(QUERY);
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await getDhlTracking(QUERY);
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expect(fetchMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
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});
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});
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@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
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/**
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* Client fuer die DHL Shipment Tracking – Unified API — holt den Sendungs-
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* verlauf serverseitig, damit /bestellung-verfolgen ihn im eigenen Layout
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* anzeigen kann, statt Kundschaft auf dhl.de weiterzuleiten.
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*
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* Wie die Standortsuche (lib/dhl-locations.ts) braucht dieser Dienst nur den
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* App-API-Key (Header "DHL-API-Key"), kein OAuth2 und keinen
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* Geschaeftskundenvertrag. Voraussetzung ist, dass die DHL-App im Developer
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* Portal das Produkt "Shipment Tracking - Unified" abonniert hat. Ist das in
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* einer EIGENEN App freigeschaltet, wird DHL_TRACKING_API_KEY bevorzugt.
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*
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* Endpunkt laut oeffentlicher API-Referenz (developer.dhl.com/api-reference/
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* shipment-tracking):
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* GET https://api-eu.dhl.com/track/shipments
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* ?trackingNumber=...&service=parcel-de&recipientPostalCode=...&language=de
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* Mit recipientPostalCode liefert DHL fuer Pakete in Deutschland den
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* ausfuehrlicheren Verlauf; ohne sie nur einen groben Status.
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*
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* Diese Funktion wirft nie: Fehler werden als { kind: "unavailable" }
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* gemeldet, damit die Tracking-Seite immer noch Sendungsnummer und
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* DHL-Link zeigt, wenn DHL gestoert ist oder das Kontingent aufgebraucht ist.
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*/
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import { z } from "zod";
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import type { Locale } from "@/i18n/config";
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const TRACKING_URL = "https://api-eu.dhl.com/track/shipments";
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// Kuerzer als bei der Versandmarken-Erstellung: die Abfrage blockiert das
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// Rendern der Tracking-Seite, Kundschaft wartet also direkt darauf.
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const REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 6_000;
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/**
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* Das Einstiegskontingent der Unified API ist knapp (Stand der Recherche
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* einige hundert Aufrufe pro Tag). Deshalb ein Cache pro Sendung:
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* - unterwegs: 10 Minuten — DHL aktualisiert ohnehin nur alle paar Stunden
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* - zugestellt: 12 Stunden — dort aendert sich nichts mehr
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* - nicht gefunden / Fehler: kurze Sperre, damit ein Neuladen der Seite oder
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* ein 429 nicht sofort den naechsten Aufruf ausloest
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*/
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const CACHE_TTL_IN_TRANSIT_MS = 10 * 60 * 1000;
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const CACHE_TTL_DELIVERED_MS = 12 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
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const CACHE_TTL_NOT_FOUND_MS = 10 * 60 * 1000;
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const CACHE_TTL_UNAVAILABLE_MS = 2 * 60 * 1000;
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const MAX_CACHE_ENTRIES = 1000;
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/** Obergrenze fuer Texte aus der DHL-Antwort — fremde Daten sollen das Layout nicht sprengen. */
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const MAX_TEXT_LENGTH = 300;
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const MAX_EVENTS = 50;
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/**
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* DHL-Sendungsnummern bestehen aus Buchstaben und Ziffern (Paketnummern 12-20
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* Ziffern, internationale Nummern z.B. "JJD..." oder "LX...DE"). Alles andere
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* geht gar nicht erst raus — die Nummer stammt zwar aus dem Admin-Bereich,
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* landet aber in einer URL zu einem fremden Dienst.
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*/
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const TRACKING_NUMBER_PATTERN = /^[A-Za-z0-9]{8,39}$/;
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export const DHL_TRACKING_STATUSES = ["pre-transit", "transit", "delivered", "failure", "unknown"] as const;
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export type DhlTrackingStatus = (typeof DHL_TRACKING_STATUSES)[number];
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export interface DhlTrackingEvent {
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timestamp: Date;
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status: DhlTrackingStatus;
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/** Kurztext laut DHL, z.B. "In Zustellung". */
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statusText: string;
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/** Ausfuehrlicher Text laut DHL; faellt auf statusText zurueck. */
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description: string;
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/** Ort, sofern DHL einen mitliefert. */
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location: string | null;
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}
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export interface DhlTrackingInfo {
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status: DhlTrackingStatus;
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statusText: string;
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estimatedDelivery: Date | null;
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/** Neuestes Ereignis zuerst. */
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events: DhlTrackingEvent[];
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}
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export type DhlTrackingResult =
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| { kind: "ok"; info: DhlTrackingInfo }
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| { kind: "not-found" }
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| { kind: "unavailable" }
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| { kind: "disabled" };
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// Nur die Felder, die tatsaechlich angezeigt werden — zusaetzliche Felder
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// aufseiten DHLs duerfen das Parsen nicht brechen.
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const eventSchema = z.object({
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timestamp: z.string(),
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statusCode: z.string().optional(),
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status: z.string().optional(),
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description: z.string().optional(),
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location: z
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.object({ address: z.object({ addressLocality: z.string().optional() }).optional() })
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.optional(),
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});
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const shipmentSchema = z.object({
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status: z.unknown().optional(),
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estimatedTimeOfDelivery: z.string().optional(),
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events: z.array(z.unknown()).optional(),
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});
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const responseSchema = z.object({
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shipments: z.array(shipmentSchema).min(1),
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});
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const cache = new Map<string, { expiresAt: number; value: DhlTrackingResult }>();
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function getApiKey(): string | null {
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return process.env.DHL_TRACKING_API_KEY?.trim() || process.env.DHL_API_KEY?.trim() || null;
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}
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export function isDhlTrackingConfigured(): boolean {
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return getApiKey() !== null;
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}
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interface GetDhlTrackingOptions {
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trackingNumber: string;
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/** Postleitzahl der Lieferanschrift (bei Packstation: die der Packstation). */
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postalCode: string;
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locale: Locale;
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}
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export async function getDhlTracking({
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trackingNumber,
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postalCode,
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locale,
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}: GetDhlTrackingOptions): Promise<DhlTrackingResult> {
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const apiKey = getApiKey();
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if (!apiKey) return { kind: "disabled" };
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const normalizedNumber = trackingNumber.replace(/\s+/g, "");
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if (!TRACKING_NUMBER_PATTERN.test(normalizedNumber)) return { kind: "not-found" };
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const cacheKey = `${normalizedNumber}|${postalCode}|${locale}`;
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const cached = cache.get(cacheKey);
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if (cached && cached.expiresAt > Date.now()) return cached.value;
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const result = await fetchTracking(apiKey, normalizedNumber, postalCode, locale);
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rememberInCache(cacheKey, result);
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return result;
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}
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async function fetchTracking(
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apiKey: string,
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trackingNumber: string,
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postalCode: string,
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locale: Locale
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): Promise<DhlTrackingResult> {
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const query = new URLSearchParams({ trackingNumber, service: "parcel-de", language: locale });
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if (/^\d{5}$/.test(postalCode)) query.set("recipientPostalCode", postalCode);
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let response: Response;
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try {
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response = await fetch(`${TRACKING_URL}?${query}`, {
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headers: { "DHL-API-Key": apiKey, Accept: "application/json" },
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signal: AbortSignal.timeout(REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS),
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cache: "no-store",
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});
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} catch (error: unknown) {
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const reason = error instanceof Error && error.name === "TimeoutError" ? "Zeitueberschreitung" : "nicht erreichbar";
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console.warn(`[dhl-tracking] Sendungsverfolgung ${reason}.`);
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return { kind: "unavailable" };
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}
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// 404 = DHL kennt die Sendung (noch) nicht, z.B. direkt nach dem Erstellen
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// der Versandmarke. Kein Fehler, sondern ein gueltiger Zwischenstand.
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if (response.status === 404) return { kind: "not-found" };
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if (!response.ok) {
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// Nur den Status loggen: die Sendungsnummer gehoert zu einer Bestellung
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// und hat im Server-Log nichts verloren.
|
||||
console.warn(`[dhl-tracking] DHL hat mit Status ${response.status} geantwortet.`);
|
||||
return { kind: "unavailable" };
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
let payload: unknown;
|
||||
try {
|
||||
payload = await response.json();
|
||||
} catch {
|
||||
console.warn("[dhl-tracking] Antwort war kein gueltiges JSON.");
|
||||
return { kind: "unavailable" };
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
const info = parseTrackingResponse(payload);
|
||||
if (!info) {
|
||||
console.warn("[dhl-tracking] Antwort hatte ein unerwartetes Format.");
|
||||
return { kind: "unavailable" };
|
||||
}
|
||||
return { kind: "ok", info };
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Als eigene Funktion exportiert, damit sich das Parsen der DHL-Antwort ohne
|
||||
* Netzwerkzugriff testen laesst (siehe dhl-tracking.test.ts).
|
||||
*/
|
||||
export function parseTrackingResponse(payload: unknown): DhlTrackingInfo | null {
|
||||
const parsed = responseSchema.safeParse(payload);
|
||||
if (!parsed.success) return null;
|
||||
|
||||
const shipment = parsed.data.shipments[0];
|
||||
const events = (shipment.events ?? [])
|
||||
.map(parseEvent)
|
||||
.filter((event): event is DhlTrackingEvent => event !== null)
|
||||
.sort((a, b) => b.timestamp.getTime() - a.timestamp.getTime())
|
||||
.slice(0, MAX_EVENTS);
|
||||
|
||||
// Der Gesamtstatus steht separat in shipment.status; fehlt er, ist das
|
||||
// neueste Ereignis die beste Naeherung.
|
||||
const current = parseEvent(shipment.status) ?? events[0] ?? null;
|
||||
|
||||
return {
|
||||
status: current?.status ?? "unknown",
|
||||
statusText: current?.statusText ?? "",
|
||||
estimatedDelivery: parseDate(shipment.estimatedTimeOfDelivery),
|
||||
events,
|
||||
};
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
function parseEvent(entry: unknown): DhlTrackingEvent | null {
|
||||
const parsed = eventSchema.safeParse(entry);
|
||||
if (!parsed.success) return null;
|
||||
|
||||
const timestamp = parseDate(parsed.data.timestamp);
|
||||
if (!timestamp) return null;
|
||||
|
||||
const statusText = clean(parsed.data.status);
|
||||
return {
|
||||
timestamp,
|
||||
status: toStatus(parsed.data.statusCode),
|
||||
statusText,
|
||||
description: clean(parsed.data.description) || statusText,
|
||||
location: clean(parsed.data.location?.address?.addressLocality) || null,
|
||||
};
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
function toStatus(code: string | undefined): DhlTrackingStatus {
|
||||
return (DHL_TRACKING_STATUSES as readonly string[]).includes(code ?? "") ? (code as DhlTrackingStatus) : "unknown";
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
function parseDate(value: string | undefined): Date | null {
|
||||
if (!value) return null;
|
||||
const date = new Date(value);
|
||||
return Number.isNaN(date.getTime()) ? null : date;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
function clean(value: string | undefined): string {
|
||||
return (value ?? "").replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim().slice(0, MAX_TEXT_LENGTH);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
function ttlFor(result: DhlTrackingResult): number {
|
||||
switch (result.kind) {
|
||||
case "ok":
|
||||
return result.info.status === "delivered" ? CACHE_TTL_DELIVERED_MS : CACHE_TTL_IN_TRANSIT_MS;
|
||||
case "not-found":
|
||||
return CACHE_TTL_NOT_FOUND_MS;
|
||||
default:
|
||||
return CACHE_TTL_UNAVAILABLE_MS;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
function rememberInCache(key: string, value: DhlTrackingResult): void {
|
||||
// Speicher begrenzen: abgelaufene Eintraege gelegentlich aufraeumen
|
||||
// (gleiches Muster wie in lib/dhl-locations.ts).
|
||||
if (cache.size > MAX_CACHE_ENTRIES) {
|
||||
const now = Date.now();
|
||||
for (const [existingKey, entry] of cache) {
|
||||
if (entry.expiresAt <= now) cache.delete(existingKey);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
cache.set(key, { expiresAt: Date.now() + ttlFor(value), value });
|
||||
}
|
||||
@@ -7,9 +7,13 @@
|
||||
*/
|
||||
export function getCarrierTrackingUrl(carrier: string | null, trackingNumber: string | null): string | null {
|
||||
if (!carrier || !trackingNumber) return null;
|
||||
const normalized = carrier.trim().toLowerCase();
|
||||
if (normalized === "dhl") {
|
||||
if (isDhlCarrier(carrier)) {
|
||||
return `https://www.dhl.de/de/privatkunden/dhl-sendungsverfolgung.html?piececode=${encodeURIComponent(trackingNumber)}`;
|
||||
}
|
||||
return null;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/** Der Versanddienstleister wird im Admin-Bereich als Freitext gepflegt. */
|
||||
export function isDhlCarrier(carrier: string | null): boolean {
|
||||
return carrier?.trim().toLowerCase() === "dhl";
|
||||
}
|
||||
Reference in new issue
Block a user