feat: T4 wave 3 - notifications per user, suggestions API, varroa bands, split/queen events

- Schema III: per-user notifications (broadcast fan-out migration,
  category, link, requiredPermissions filter), notification preferences
  and settings endpoints, calendar withdrawal switch, occupiedFrames
- Suggestions API: list/summary with permission visibility and paging,
  accept/dismiss/reopen incl. bulk, SuggestionView on all responses
- Varroa traffic light by season and method, young colonies, treatment
  effect window, sample-based percentage; shared withdrawal-window helper
  on Berlin calendar days; GET /varroa-measurements/thresholds
- ColonySplit and QueenAssigned domain events with calendar and webhook
  handlers
- Outbox claims compare against now() rounded to timestamp(3); fixes the
  flaky e2e claims of rows written with SQL now()

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <[email protected]>

ApiCore-Backend/.out

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+FAIL test/webhooks.e2e-spec.ts
+  ● Test suite failed to run
+
+    Cannot find module './varroa-threshold.service' from '../src/varroa/varroa.controller.ts'
+
+    Require stack:
+      C:/Users/Nick.Szaunig/OneDrive - EnCry/Documents/VS Code/ApiCore/ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/varroa.controller.ts
+      C:/Users/Nick.Szaunig/OneDrive - EnCry/Documents/VS Code/ApiCore/ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/varroa.module.ts
+      C:/Users/Nick.Szaunig/OneDrive - EnCry/Documents/VS Code/ApiCore/ApiCore-Backend/src/app.module.ts
+      utils/create-test-app.ts
+      webhooks.e2e-spec.ts
+
+       8 | import { UpdateVarroaMeasurementDto } from './dto/update-varroa-measurement.dto';
+       9 | import { VarroaService } from './varroa.service';
+    > 10 | import { VarroaThresholdService } from './varroa-threshold.service';
+         | ^
+      11 | import { Idempotent } from '../common/idempotency/idempotent.decorator';
+      12 |
+      13 | @ApiTags('varroa-measurements')
+
+      at Resolver._throwModNotFoundError (../node_modules/jest-resolve/build/index.js:895:11)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (../src/varroa/varroa.controller.ts:10:1)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (../src/varroa/varroa.module.ts:2:1)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (../src/app.module.ts:20:1)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (utils/create-test-app.ts:6:1)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (webhooks.e2e-spec.ts:9:1)
+
+[Nest] 17844  - 14/10/2026, 13:53:09   ERROR [DomainEventDispatcher] Domain events FAILED, an expired claim used up their attempts: cmv81wj4d001xroijcqgc9y09
+FAIL test/domain-event-dispatcher.e2e-spec.ts
+  ● Console
+
+    console.log
+      ◇ injected env (8) from .env.test // tip: ⌁ auth for agents [www.vestauth.com]
+
+      at _log (../node_modules/dotenv/lib/main.js:131:11)
+
+  ● DomainEventDispatcher (e2e) › two dispatchers in parallel produce exactly one effect per event and handler
+
+    TypeError: The "path" argument must be of type string or an instance of Buffer or URL. Received undefined
+
+      109 |     const d = await db.$queryRaw<unknown[]>(Prisma.sql`SELECT "id","status","availableAt", now() AS n, clock_timestamp() AS c, ("availableAt" <= now()) AS due, pg_backend_pid() AS pid FROM ${name} WHERE ${options.filter}`);
+      110 |     // eslint-disable-next-line
+    > 111 |     require('node:fs').appendFileSync(process.env.DBG_LOG as string, new Date().toISOString() + ' ' + table + ' empty claim; rows=' + JSON.stringify(d) + '\n');
+          |                        ^
+      112 |   }
+      113 |   return __res;
+      114 | }
+
+      at claimBatch (../src/common/outbox/outbox-claims.ts:111:24)
+      at DomainEventDispatcher.runOnce (../src/domain-events/domain-event-dispatcher.ts:69:20)
+      at DomainEventDispatcher.drain (../src/domain-events/domain-event-dispatcher.ts:101:23)
+          at async Promise.all (index 1)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (domain-event-dispatcher.e2e-spec.ts:211:20)
+
+  ● DomainEventDispatcher (e2e) › hands the handler the stored event and its correlation id
+
+    TypeError: The "path" argument must be of type string or an instance of Buffer or URL. Received undefined
+
+      109 |     const d = await db.$queryRaw<unknown[]>(Prisma.sql`SELECT "id","status","availableAt", now() AS n, clock_timestamp() AS c, ("availableAt" <= now()) AS due, pg_backend_pid() AS pid FROM ${name} WHERE ${options.filter}`);
+      110 |     // eslint-disable-next-line
+    > 111 |     require('node:fs').appendFileSync(process.env.DBG_LOG as string, new Date().toISOString() + ' ' + table + ' empty claim; rows=' + JSON.stringify(d) + '\n');
+          |                        ^
+      112 |   }
+      113 |   return __res;
+      114 | }
+
+      at claimBatch (../src/common/outbox/outbox-claims.ts:111:24)
+      at DomainEventDispatcher.runOnce (../src/domain-events/domain-event-dispatcher.ts:69:20)
+      at DomainEventDispatcher.drain (../src/domain-events/domain-event-dispatcher.ts:101:23)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (domain-event-dispatcher.e2e-spec.ts:245:5)
+
+  ● DomainEventDispatcher (e2e) › a stale release that ends in FAILED also fails the open deliveries
+
+    expect(received).resolves.toBe()
+
+    Received promise rejected instead of resolved
+    Rejected to value: [TypeError: The "path" argument must be of type string or an instance of Buffer or URL. Received undefined]
+
+      320 |       deliveries: [{ handler: 'test.counter', status: 'FAILED', attempts: 7 }],
+      321 |     });
+    > 322 |     await expect(appA.get(DomainEventDispatcher).drain(filter)).resolves.toBe(
+          |           ^
+      323 |       0,
+      324 |     );
+      325 |   });
+
+      at expect (../node_modules/expect/build/index.js:2116:15)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (domain-event-dispatcher.e2e-spec.ts:322:11)
+
+  ● DomainEventDispatcher (e2e) › drains a backlog of 120 events in batches of at most 50
+
+    TypeError: The "path" argument must be of type string or an instance of Buffer or URL. Received undefined
+
+      109 |     const d = await db.$queryRaw<unknown[]>(Prisma.sql`SELECT "id","status","availableAt", now() AS n, clock_timestamp() AS c, ("availableAt" <= now()) AS due, pg_backend_pid() AS pid FROM ${name} WHERE ${options.filter}`);
+      110 |     // eslint-disable-next-line
+    > 111 |     require('node:fs').appendFileSync(process.env.DBG_LOG as string, new Date().toISOString() + ' ' + table + ' empty claim; rows=' + JSON.stringify(d) + '\n');
+          |                        ^
+      112 |   }
+      113 |   return __res;
+      114 | }
+
+      at claimBatch (../src/common/outbox/outbox-claims.ts:111:24)
+      at DomainEventDispatcher.runOnce (../src/domain-events/domain-event-dispatcher.ts:69:20)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (domain-event-dispatcher.e2e-spec.ts:333:19)
+
+  ● DomainEventDispatcher (e2e) › drainDomainEvents processes only the events of the given root aggregates
+
+    TypeError: The "path" argument must be of type string or an instance of Buffer or URL. Received undefined
+
+      109 |     const d = await db.$queryRaw<unknown[]>(Prisma.sql`SELECT "id","status","availableAt", now() AS n, clock_timestamp() AS c, ("availableAt" <= now()) AS due, pg_backend_pid() AS pid FROM ${name} WHERE ${options.filter}`);
+      110 |     // eslint-disable-next-line
+    > 111 |     require('node:fs').appendFileSync(process.env.DBG_LOG as string, new Date().toISOString() + ' ' + table + ' empty claim; rows=' + JSON.stringify(d) + '\n');
+          |                        ^
+      112 |   }
+      113 |   return __res;
+      114 | }
+
+      at claimBatch (../src/common/outbox/outbox-claims.ts:111:24)
+      at DomainEventDispatcher.runOnce (../src/domain-events/domain-event-dispatcher.ts:69:20)
+      at DomainEventDispatcher.drain (../src/domain-events/domain-event-dispatcher.ts:101:23)
+      at drainDomainEvents (utils/domain-events.ts:24:3)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (domain-event-dispatcher.e2e-spec.ts:344:5)
+
+  ● DomainEventDispatcher (e2e) › a stale-released event does not repeat a handler that already committed
+
+    TypeError: The "path" argument must be of type string or an instance of Buffer or URL. Received undefined
+
+      109 |     const d = await db.$queryRaw<unknown[]>(Prisma.sql`SELECT "id","status","availableAt", now() AS n, clock_timestamp() AS c, ("availableAt" <= now()) AS due, pg_backend_pid() AS pid FROM ${name} WHERE ${options.filter}`);
+      110 |     // eslint-disable-next-line
+    > 111 |     require('node:fs').appendFileSync(process.env.DBG_LOG as string, new Date().toISOString() + ' ' + table + ' empty claim; rows=' + JSON.stringify(d) + '\n');
+          |                        ^
+      112 |   }
+      113 |   return __res;
+      114 | }
+
+      at claimBatch (../src/common/outbox/outbox-claims.ts:111:24)
+      at DomainEventDispatcher.runOnce (../src/domain-events/domain-event-dispatcher.ts:69:20)
+      at DomainEventDispatcher.drain (../src/domain-events/domain-event-dispatcher.ts:101:23)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (domain-event-dispatcher.e2e-spec.ts:391:5)
+
+  ● DomainEventDispatcher (e2e) › schedules a failed event about 30 s ahead by the database clock
+
+    expect(received).resolves.toBe()
+
+    Received promise rejected instead of resolved
+    Rejected to value: [TypeError: The "path" argument must be of type string or an instance of Buffer or URL. Received undefined]
+
+      508 |     const filter = await filterFor('failing');
+      509 |
+    > 510 |     await expect(appA.get(DomainEventDispatcher).drain(filter)).resolves.toBe(
+          |           ^
+      511 |       1,
+      512 |     );
+      513 |
+
+      at expect (../node_modules/expect/build/index.js:2116:15)
+      at Object.<anonymous> (domain-event-dispatcher.e2e-spec.ts:510:11)
+
+Test Suites: 2 failed, 2 total
+Tests:       7 failed, 2 passed, 9 total
+Snapshots:   0 total
+Time:        3.973 s, estimated 7 s
+Ran all test suites matching test/webhooks.e2e-spec.ts|test/domain-event-dispatcher.e2e-spec.ts.
+Jest did not exit one second after the test run has completed.
+
+'This usually means that there are asynchronous operations that weren't stopped in your tests. Consider running Jest with `--detectOpenHandles` to troubleshoot this issue.

ApiCore-Backend/prisma/migrations/20261014100500_t4_notification_fanout/migration.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+-- T4 migration 8/n: every notification belongs to exactly one user. A
+-- broadcast (userId IS NULL) is copied once per active user with its read
+-- flag and creation time, then the original is deleted. After that userId is
+-- NOT NULL; dedupeKey ("<prefix>:<userId>") makes repeated writes harmless.
+-- Check afterwards: SELECT count(*) FROM "Notification" WHERE "userId" IS NULL;
+-- must be 0 (the SET NOT NULL below fails otherwise).
+
+-- DropForeignKey (was ON DELETE SET NULL, impossible for a NOT NULL column)
+ALTER TABLE "Notification" DROP CONSTRAINT "Notification_userId_fkey";
+
+-- AlterTable
+ALTER TABLE "Notification" ADD COLUMN     "dedupeKey" TEXT;
+
+-- Fan-out of the broadcasts to ALL active users (isActive only, no role or
+-- permission filter): a broadcast was visible to every user before, so the
+-- copies keep exactly that visibility. With no active user, broadcasts are
+-- dropped. The copies get no dedupeKey and the default requiredPermissions.
+INSERT INTO "Notification" ("id", "userId", "priority", "message", "relatedType", "relatedId", "read", "createdAt")
+SELECT gen_random_uuid()::text, u."id", n."priority", n."message", n."relatedType", n."relatedId", n."read", n."createdAt"
+FROM "Notification" n
+CROSS JOIN "User" u
+WHERE n."userId" IS NULL AND u."isActive" = true;
+
+DELETE FROM "Notification" WHERE "userId" IS NULL;
+
+-- AlterTable
+ALTER TABLE "Notification" ALTER COLUMN "userId" SET NOT NULL;
+
+-- CreateIndex
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "Notification_dedupeKey_key" ON "Notification"("dedupeKey");
+
+-- AddForeignKey
+ALTER TABLE "Notification" ADD CONSTRAINT "Notification_userId_fkey" FOREIGN KEY ("userId") REFERENCES "User"("id") ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE;

ApiCore-Backend/prisma/migrations/20261014100600_t4_calendar_withdrawal/migration.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+-- T4 migration 9/n: switch for the withdrawal-period entries of the calendar
+-- sync (on by default, like the other sources).
+
+-- AlterTable
+ALTER TABLE "CalendarSyncSettings" ADD COLUMN     "syncWithdrawal" BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT true;

ApiCore-Backend/prisma/migrations/20261014100700_t4_occupied_frames/migration.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+-- T4 migration 10/n: Colony.occupiedFrames, the number of occupied frames
+-- (0-40, same unit and bounds as Inspection.colonyStrength). Colony.strength
+-- (scale 1-10) is left untouched, nothing is converted.
+--
+-- Check BEFORE the deploy (hits must be clarified with the owner, never cut):
+--   SELECT count(*) FROM "Inspection" WHERE "colonyStrength" > 40;
+
+-- AlterTable
+ALTER TABLE "Colony" ADD COLUMN     "occupiedFrames" INTEGER;
+
+ALTER TABLE "Colony" ADD CONSTRAINT "Colony_occupiedFrames_range" CHECK ("occupiedFrames" BETWEEN 0 AND 40);

ApiCore-Backend/prisma/migrations/20261014100800_t4_notification_settings/migration.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+-- T4 migration 11/n (part category, link, permissions, preferences). Runs
+-- after migration 8. category of the old rows: job failures carry
+-- relatedType 'JobRun' (and rows without relatedType are system messages) ->
+-- SYSTEM, everything else -> SUGGESTION. Only then NOT NULL.
+
+-- CreateEnum
+CREATE TYPE "NotificationCategory" AS ENUM ('TASK_DUE', 'DIGEST', 'SUGGESTION', 'WITHDRAWAL', 'SEASON', 'SYSTEM');
+
+-- AlterTable
+ALTER TABLE "Notification" ADD COLUMN     "category" "NotificationCategory",
+ADD COLUMN     "link" TEXT,
+ADD COLUMN     "requiredPermissions" TEXT[] DEFAULT ARRAY[]::TEXT[];
+
+UPDATE "Notification"
+SET "category" = CASE
+  WHEN "relatedType" = 'JobRun' OR "relatedType" IS NULL THEN 'SYSTEM'::"NotificationCategory"
+  ELSE 'SUGGESTION'::"NotificationCategory"
+END;
+
+ALTER TABLE "Notification" ALTER COLUMN "category" SET NOT NULL;
+
+-- CreateTable
+CREATE TABLE "NotificationPreference" (
+    "userId" TEXT NOT NULL,
+    "taskDueEnabled" BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT true,
+    "digestEnabled" BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT true,
+    "digestTime" TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '06:30',
+    "quietFrom" TEXT DEFAULT '21:00',
+    "quietUntil" TEXT DEFAULT '06:30',
+    "telegramEnabled" BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false,
+    "telegramCategories" "NotificationCategory"[] DEFAULT ARRAY['TASK_DUE', 'DIGEST']::"NotificationCategory"[],
+    "telegramDetail" BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT true,
+    "updatedAt" TIMESTAMP(3) NOT NULL,
+
+    CONSTRAINT "NotificationPreference_pkey" PRIMARY KEY ("userId")
+);
+
+-- AddForeignKey
+ALTER TABLE "NotificationPreference" ADD CONSTRAINT "NotificationPreference_userId_fkey" FOREIGN KEY ("userId") REFERENCES "User"("id") ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE;

ApiCore-Backend/prisma/schema.prisma

@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ model User {
   batchMovements         BatchMovement[]
   rawMaterialLots        RawMaterialLot[]
   notifications          Notification[]
+  notificationPreference NotificationPreference?
   queenEvaluations       QueenEvaluation[]
   webhookSubscriptions   WebhookSubscription[]
   documents              Document[]
@@ -291,6 +292,7 @@ model Colony {
   colonyType     ColonyType
   status         ColonyStatus     @default(ACTIVE)
   strength       Int?
+  occupiedFrames Int?
   broodStatus    ColonyCondition?
   feedStatus     ColonyCondition?
   healthStatus   ColonyCondition?
@@ -1374,14 +1376,30 @@ enum NotificationPriority {
   KRITISCH
 }
 
+enum NotificationCategory {
+  TASK_DUE
+  DIGEST
+  SUGGESTION
+  WITHDRAWAL
+  SEASON
+  SYSTEM
+}
+
+// Jede Zeile gehoert genau einem Empfaenger (T4: Fan-out mit Rechtepruefung
+// beim Schreiben). requiredPermissions = Rechte des Empfaengers plus Rechte
+// des Inhalts; dedupeKey = "<praefix>:<userId>".
 model Notification {
   id                  String               @id @default(cuid())
-  userId      String?
-  user        User?                @relation(fields: [userId], references: [id])
+  userId              String
+  user                User                 @relation(fields: [userId], references: [id])
   priority            NotificationPriority
+  category            NotificationCategory
   message             String
   relatedType         String?
   relatedId           String?
+  link                String?
+  requiredPermissions String[]             @default([])
+  dedupeKey           String?              @unique
   read                Boolean              @default(false)
   createdAt           DateTime             @default(now())
 
@@ -1389,6 +1407,21 @@ model Notification {
   @@index([priority])
 }
 
+// Einstellungen je Nutzer; Standard beim ersten Lesen angelegt.
+model NotificationPreference {
+  userId             String                 @id
+  user               User                   @relation(fields: [userId], references: [id])
+  taskDueEnabled     Boolean                @default(true)
+  digestEnabled      Boolean                @default(true)
+  digestTime         String                 @default("06:30")
+  quietFrom          String?                @default("21:00")
+  quietUntil         String?                @default("06:30")
+  telegramEnabled    Boolean                @default(false)
+  telegramCategories NotificationCategory[] @default([TASK_DUE, DIGEST])
+  telegramDetail     Boolean                @default(true)
+  updatedAt          DateTime               @updatedAt
+}
+
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Webhooks (Abschnitt 27) – v1.x Modul 28
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1574,6 +1607,7 @@ model CalendarSyncSettings {
   syncFeeding         Boolean  @default(true)
   syncHarvest         Boolean  @default(true)
   syncQueenAssignment Boolean  @default(true)
+  syncWithdrawal      Boolean  @default(true)
   updatedAt           DateTime @updatedAt
 }
 

ApiCore-Backend/src/apiaries/apiary-field.service.spec.ts

@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ describe('ApiaryFieldService', () => {
           relatedId: { in: ['c2', 'c10'] },
           read: false,
           priority: { in: ['WARNUNG', 'KRITISCH'] },
-          OR: [{ userId: 'u1' }, { userId: null }],
+          userId: 'u1',
         },
       }),
     );

ApiCore-Backend/src/apiaries/apiary-field.service.ts

@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ export class ApiaryFieldService {
         relatedId: { in: colonies.map((colony) => colony.id) },
         read: false,
         priority: { in: ['WARNUNG', 'KRITISCH'] },
-        OR: [{ userId }, { userId: null }],
+        userId,
       },
       _count: { _all: true },
     });

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/automation.service.spec.ts

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
     $connect: jest.Mock;
   };
   let auditLog: { record: jest.Mock };
-  let notifications: { record: jest.Mock };
+  let notifications: { recordForPermission: jest.Mock };
   let tasks: { createInTx: jest.Mock };
 
   const queenlessRule: Rule = {
@@ -102,7 +102,9 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
       $connect: jest.fn(),
     };
     auditLog = { record: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined) };
-    notifications = { record: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ id: 'n-1' }) };
+    notifications = {
+      recordForPermission: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'n-1' }]),
+    };
     tasks = { createInTx: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ id: 'task-1' }) };
     service = new AutomationService(
       prisma as unknown as PrismaService,
@@ -258,7 +260,9 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
         staged.push(client === tx ? 'task' : 'task outside tx');
         return Promise.resolve({ id: 'task-1' });
       });
-      notifications.record.mockRejectedValue(new Error('notifications down'));
+      notifications.recordForPermission.mockRejectedValue(
+        new Error('notifications down'),
+      );
       auditLog.record.mockImplementation((_entry: unknown, client: unknown) => {
         staged.push(client === tx ? 'audit' : 'audit outside tx');
         return Promise.resolve();
@@ -303,9 +307,11 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
         },
         null,
       );
-      expect(notifications.record).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect(notifications.recordForPermission).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        'tasks:read',
         {
           priority: 'WARNUNG',
+          category: 'SUGGESTION',
           message: 'Kontrolle empfohlen',
           relatedType: 'COLONY',
           relatedId: 'colony-1',
@@ -332,7 +338,9 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
     });
 
     it('lets a failed notification write propagate, so the delivery is rolled back and retried', async () => {
-      notifications.record.mockRejectedValue(new Error('notifications down'));
+      notifications.recordForPermission.mockRejectedValue(
+        new Error('notifications down'),
+      );
 
       await expect(
         service.evaluateInspectionIn(asTx(), queenlessInspection as never),
@@ -355,7 +363,7 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
         select: { id: true },
       });
       expect(tasks.createInTx).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
-      expect(notifications.record).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(notifications.recordForPermission).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
       expect(auditLog.record).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
 
@@ -403,7 +411,7 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
       await expect(
         service.evaluateInspectionIn(asTx(), queenlessInspection as never),
       ).rejects.toThrow('tasks down');
-      expect(notifications.record).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(notifications.recordForPermission).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
       expect(auditLog.record).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
   });
@@ -426,7 +434,7 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
       await service.evaluateInspectionIn(asTx(), queenlessInspection as never);
 
       expect(tasks.createInTx).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-      expect(notifications.record).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(notifications.recordForPermission).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
     });
 
     it('does not trigger when the queen was seen', async () => {

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/automation.service.ts

@@ -600,8 +600,16 @@ export class AutomationService {
       },
       null,
     );
-    await this.notifications.record(
-      { priority: 'WARNUNG', message: title, relatedType, relatedId },
+    // Task 7 replaces this path by suggestions.
+    await this.notifications.recordForPermission(
+      'tasks:read',
+      {
+        priority: 'WARNUNG',
+        category: 'SUGGESTION',
+        message: title,
+        relatedType,
+        relatedId,
+      },
       tx,
     );
     await this.auditLog.record(

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/varroa-bands.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+import type { ColonyType, VarroaMethod } from '../../generated/prisma';
+import { bandsFor, classify, rateMeasurement } from './varroa-bands';
+import { DEFAULT_VARROA_THRESHOLD_CONFIG } from './rule-config/varroa-threshold.config';
+
+const DEFAULTS = DEFAULT_VARROA_THRESHOLD_CONFIG;
+const d = (day: string): Date => new Date(`${day}T00:00:00.000Z`);
+
+describe('varroa bands', () => {
+  it.each<
+    [
+      string,
+      ColonyType,
+      VarroaMethod,
+      number,
+      'green' | 'yellow' | 'red' | null,
+    ]
+  >([
+    ['2026-08-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 10.0, 'yellow'],
+    ['2026-08-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 10.1, 'red'],
+    ['2026-08-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 4.9, 'green'],
+    ['2026-08-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 5, 'yellow'],
+    ['2026-11-20', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 0.6, 'red'],
+    ['2026-11-20', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 0.5, 'green'],
+    ['2026-06-10', 'YOUNG_COLONY', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 5.1, 'red'],
+    ['2026-06-10', 'YOUNG_COLONY', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 2.5, 'yellow'],
+    ['2026-11-20', 'NUCLEUS_COLONY', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 0.3, 'red'],
+    ['2026-11-20', 'NUCLEUS_COLONY', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 0.25, 'green'],
+    ['2026-07-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'POWDERED_SUGAR', 5.1, 'red'],
+    ['2026-07-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'POWDERED_SUGAR', 1, 'yellow'],
+    ['2026-07-10', 'YOUNG_COLONY', 'POWDERED_SUGAR', 4, 'yellow'],
+    ['2026-09-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'WASHING_METHOD', 1.5, 'green'],
+    ['2026-09-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'WASHING_METHOD', 2, 'yellow'],
+    ['2026-04-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'POWDERED_SUGAR', 9, null],
+    ['2026-11-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'WASHING_METHOD', 9, null],
+    ['2026-07-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', 'DRONE_BROOD_CONTROL', 50, null],
+  ])('%s %s %s %p -> %p', (day, type, method, value, light) =>
+    expect(
+      classify(value, bandsFor(day, type, DEFAULTS, []).bands[method]),
+    ).toBe(light),
+  );
+
+  it('classifies a missing value or band as no light', () => {
+    const band = bandsFor('2026-08-10', null, DEFAULTS, []).bands
+      .NATURAL_MITE_FALL;
+    expect(classify(null, band)).toBeNull();
+    expect(classify(3, undefined)).toBeNull();
+    expect(classify(3, null)).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it('describes the band with its reason, unit and colony kind', () => {
+    const autumn = bandsFor('2026-08-10', 'YOUNG_COLONY', DEFAULTS, []);
+    expect(autumn.day).toBe('2026-08-10');
+    expect(autumn.bands.NATURAL_MITE_FALL).toEqual({
+      method: 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL',
+      unit: 'MITES_PER_DAY',
+      yellowFrom: 2.5,
+      redAbove: 5,
+      reason: 'NATURAL_FALL_SEASON',
+      youngColony: true,
+    });
+    expect(autumn.bands.POWDERED_SUGAR).toMatchObject({
+      unit: 'PERCENT',
+      yellowFrom: 2,
+      redAbove: 5,
+      reason: 'INFESTATION_AUTUMN',
+    });
+    const winter = bandsFor('2026-01-10', 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', DEFAULTS, []);
+    expect(winter.bands.NATURAL_MITE_FALL).toMatchObject({
+      yellowFrom: null,
+      redAbove: 0.5,
+      reason: 'NATURAL_FALL_WINTER',
+      youngColony: false,
+    });
+    expect(winter.bands.POWDERED_SUGAR).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('treats a colony without a type as a full colony', () =>
+    expect(
+      bandsFor('2026-08-10', null, DEFAULTS, []).bands.NATURAL_MITE_FALL,
+    ).toMatchObject({ redAbove: 10, youngColony: false }));
+
+  it('names the recheck day while a treatment effect is in force', () => {
+    const treatments = [{ startDay: '2026-07-20', endDay: '2026-08-02' }];
+    const until = (day: string) =>
+      bandsFor(day, null, DEFAULTS, treatments).postTreatmentUntil;
+    expect(until('2026-07-25')).toBe('2026-08-16');
+    expect(until('2026-08-15')).toBe('2026-08-16');
+    expect(until('2026-08-16')).toBeNull();
+    expect(until('2026-07-19')).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it('uses the latest recheck day of overlapping treatments', () =>
+    expect(
+      bandsFor('2026-08-01', null, DEFAULTS, [
+        { startDay: '2026-07-01', endDay: '2026-07-20' },
+        { startDay: '2026-07-25', endDay: '2026-08-10' },
+      ]).postTreatmentUntil,
+    ).toBe('2026-08-24'));
+
+  describe('month edges', () => {
+    const lightOn = (
+      day: string,
+      method: VarroaMethod,
+      value: number,
+    ): string | null =>
+      classify(
+        value,
+        bandsFor(day, 'PRODUCTION_COLONY', DEFAULTS, []).bands[method],
+      );
+
+    it.each<[string, VarroaMethod, number, string | null]>([
+      ['2026-02-28', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 3, 'red'],
+      ['2026-03-01', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 3, 'green'],
+      ['2026-10-31', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 3, 'green'],
+      ['2026-11-01', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL', 3, 'red'],
+      ['2026-04-30', 'POWDERED_SUGAR', 3, null],
+      ['2026-05-01', 'POWDERED_SUGAR', 3, 'yellow'],
+      ['2026-07-31', 'POWDERED_SUGAR', 1.5, 'yellow'],
+      ['2026-08-01', 'POWDERED_SUGAR', 1.5, 'green'],
+      ['2026-10-31', 'POWDERED_SUGAR', 3, 'yellow'],
+      ['2026-11-01', 'POWDERED_SUGAR', 3, null],
+      ['2026-04-30', 'WASHING_METHOD', 3, null],
+      ['2026-05-01', 'WASHING_METHOD', 3, 'yellow'],
+      ['2026-07-31', 'WASHING_METHOD', 1.5, 'yellow'],
+      ['2026-08-01', 'WASHING_METHOD', 1.5, 'green'],
+      ['2026-10-31', 'WASHING_METHOD', 3, 'yellow'],
+      ['2026-11-01', 'WASHING_METHOD', 3, null],
+    ])('%s %s %p -> %p', (day, method, value, light) =>
+      expect(lightOn(day, method, value)).toBe(light),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('keeps the young factor off the percent bands', () => {
+    const { bands } = bandsFor('2026-07-10', 'YOUNG_COLONY', DEFAULTS, []);
+    expect(bands.POWDERED_SUGAR).toMatchObject({
+      youngColony: false,
+      yellowFrom: 1,
+      redAbove: 5,
+    });
+    expect(bands.NATURAL_MITE_FALL?.youngColony).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  describe('treatment effect edges', () => {
+    const treatments = [{ startDay: '2026-07-20', endDay: '2026-08-02' }];
+    const ratingOn = (day: string, method: VarroaMethod) =>
+      rateMeasurement(
+        { date: d(day), method, calculatedValue: 12 },
+        null,
+        DEFAULTS,
+        treatments,
+      );
+
+    it('starts on the start day and ends the day before the recheck day', () => {
+      expect(ratingOn('2026-07-19', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL').light).toBe('red');
+      expect(ratingOn('2026-07-20', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL').light).toBe(
+        'POST_TREATMENT',
+      );
+      expect(ratingOn('2026-08-15', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL').light).toBe(
+        'POST_TREATMENT',
+      );
+      expect(ratingOn('2026-08-16', 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL').light).toBe('red');
+    });
+
+    it('covers a single-day treatment', () => {
+      const single = [{ startDay: '2026-08-01', endDay: '2026-08-01' }];
+      const until = (day: string) =>
+        bandsFor(day, null, DEFAULTS, single).postTreatmentUntil;
+      expect(until('2026-08-01')).toBe('2026-08-15');
+      expect(until('2026-08-14')).toBe('2026-08-15');
+      expect(until('2026-08-15')).toBeNull();
+    });
+
+    it('applies to the percent methods and never to the drone brood check', () => {
+      expect(ratingOn('2026-07-25', 'POWDERED_SUGAR').light).toBe(
+        'POST_TREATMENT',
+      );
+      expect(ratingOn('2026-08-05', 'WASHING_METHOD').light).toBe(
+        'POST_TREATMENT',
+      );
+      expect(ratingOn('2026-07-25', 'DRONE_BROOD_CONTROL').light).toBeNull();
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('rates by the Berlin calendar day of the measurement', () => {
+    // 2026-10-31T23:30Z is 2026-11-01 00:30 in Berlin: winter band.
+    const rating = rateMeasurement(
+      {
+        date: new Date('2026-11-01T00:30:00+01:00'),
+        method: 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL',
+        calculatedValue: 3,
+      },
+      null,
+      DEFAULTS,
+      [],
+    );
+    expect(rating.reasonCode).toBe('NATURAL_FALL_WINTER');
+    expect(rating.light).toBe('red');
+  });
+
+  describe('rateMeasurement', () => {
+    it('a measurement 5 days after treatment end has no light and names the recheck day', () =>
+      expect(
+        rateMeasurement(
+          {
+            date: d('2026-08-07'),
+            method: 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL',
+            calculatedValue: 12,
+          },
+          'PRODUCTION_COLONY',
+          DEFAULTS,
+          [{ startDay: '2026-07-20', endDay: '2026-08-02' }],
+        ),
+      ).toEqual({
+        light: 'POST_TREATMENT',
+        reasonCode: 'POST_TREATMENT',
+        band: null,
+        postTreatmentUntil: '2026-08-16',
+      }));
+
+    it('rates outside a treatment effect with the band and reason', () => {
+      const rating = rateMeasurement(
+        {
+          date: d('2026-08-20'),
+          method: 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL',
+          calculatedValue: 12,
+        },
+        'PRODUCTION_COLONY',
+        DEFAULTS,
+        [{ startDay: '2026-07-20', endDay: '2026-08-02' }],
+      );
+      expect(rating).toMatchObject({
+        light: 'red',
+        reasonCode: 'NATURAL_FALL_SEASON',
+        postTreatmentUntil: null,
+      });
+      expect(rating.band).toMatchObject({ redAbove: 10 });
+    });
+
+    it('has no light for a method without a band or a missing value', () => {
+      expect(
+        rateMeasurement(
+          {
+            date: d('2026-04-10'),
+            method: 'POWDERED_SUGAR',
+            calculatedValue: 9,
+          },
+          null,
+          DEFAULTS,
+          [],
+        ),
+      ).toEqual({
+        light: null,
+        reasonCode: null,
+        band: null,
+        postTreatmentUntil: null,
+      });
+      expect(
+        rateMeasurement(
+          {
+            date: d('2026-08-10'),
+            method: 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL',
+            calculatedValue: null,
+          },
+          null,
+          DEFAULTS,
+          [],
+        ).light,
+      ).toBeNull();
+    });
+  });
+});

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/varroa-bands.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+import type {
+  ColonyType,
+  VarroaMeasurement,
+  VarroaMethod,
+} from '../../generated/prisma';
+import { addDays, berlinDayOf } from '../common/dates';
+import type { TreatmentWindowLite } from '../treatments/withdrawal-window';
+import type { VarroaThresholdConfig } from './rule-config/rule-config.types';
+
+export type VarroaLightKey = 'green' | 'yellow' | 'red';
+
+export type VarroaBandReason =
+  | 'NATURAL_FALL_SEASON'
+  | 'NATURAL_FALL_WINTER'
+  | 'INFESTATION_SUMMER'
+  | 'INFESTATION_AUTUMN';
+
+export interface VarroaBand {
+  method: VarroaMethod;
+  unit: 'MITES_PER_DAY' | 'PERCENT';
+  /** null: no yellow stage (winter). */
+  yellowFrom: number | null;
+  redAbove: number;
+  reason: VarroaBandReason;
+  youngColony: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface VarroaBands {
+  day: string;
+  bands: Partial<Record<VarroaMethod, VarroaBand>>;
+  /** Recheck day while a treatment effect is in force, otherwise null. */
+  postTreatmentUntil: string | null;
+}
+
+export interface VarroaRating {
+  light: VarroaLightKey | 'POST_TREATMENT' | null;
+  reasonCode: VarroaBandReason | 'POST_TREATMENT' | null;
+  band: VarroaBand | null;
+  postTreatmentUntil: string | null;
+}
+
+const PERCENT_METHODS: readonly VarroaMethod[] = [
+  'POWDERED_SUGAR',
+  'WASHING_METHOD',
+];
+
+function naturalFallBand(
+  month: number,
+  factor: number,
+  young: boolean,
+  config: VarroaThresholdConfig['naturalFall'],
+): VarroaBand {
+  const inSeason = config.seasonMonths.includes(month);
+  return {
+    method: 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL',
+    unit: 'MITES_PER_DAY',
+    yellowFrom: inSeason ? config.yellowFrom * factor : null,
+    redAbove: (inSeason ? config.redAbove : config.winterRedAbove) * factor,
+    reason: inSeason ? 'NATURAL_FALL_SEASON' : 'NATURAL_FALL_WINTER',
+    youngColony: young,
+  };
+}
+
+/** The percentage band of the month, absent outside summer and autumn. */
+function percentBand(
+  method: VarroaMethod,
+  month: number,
+  config: VarroaThresholdConfig['infestationPercent'],
+): VarroaBand | undefined {
+  if (config.summerMonths.includes(month)) {
+    return {
+      method,
+      unit: 'PERCENT',
+      ...config.summer,
+      reason: 'INFESTATION_SUMMER',
+      youngColony: false,
+    };
+  }
+  if (config.autumnMonths.includes(month)) {
+    return {
+      method,
+      unit: 'PERCENT',
+      ...config.autumn,
+      reason: 'INFESTATION_AUTUMN',
+      youngColony: false,
+    };
+  }
+  return undefined;
+}
+
+/** Latest recheck day of the treatments whose effect covers `day`. */
+function postTreatmentUntil(
+  day: string,
+  recheckAfterDays: number,
+  treatments: readonly TreatmentWindowLite[],
+): string | null {
+  let until: string | null = null;
+  for (const { startDay, endDay } of treatments) {
+    const recheckDay = addDays(endDay, recheckAfterDays);
+    const covers = startDay <= day && day < recheckDay;
+    if (covers && (until === null || recheckDay > until)) {
+      until = recheckDay;
+    }
+  }
+  return until;
+}
+
+/**
+ * The bands in force on `day` for a colony of `colonyType`: natural mite fall
+ * by season (young colonies at the reduced factor), the percentage methods in
+ * summer and autumn only, no band for the drone brood check.
+ */
+export function bandsFor(
+  day: string,
+  colonyType: ColonyType | null,
+  config: VarroaThresholdConfig,
+  treatments: readonly TreatmentWindowLite[],
+): VarroaBands {
+  const month = Number(day.slice(5, 7));
+  const young =
+    colonyType !== null && config.youngColonyTypes.includes(colonyType);
+  const factor = young ? config.youngColonyFactor : 1;
+  const bands: VarroaBands['bands'] = {
+    NATURAL_MITE_FALL: naturalFallBand(
+      month,
+      factor,
+      young,
+      config.naturalFall,
+    ),
+  };
+  for (const method of PERCENT_METHODS) {
+    const band = percentBand(method, month, config.infestationPercent);
+    if (band) {
+      bands[method] = band;
+    }
+  }
+  return {
+    day,
+    bands,
+    postTreatmentUntil: postTreatmentUntil(
+      day,
+      config.recheckAfterDays,
+      treatments,
+    ),
+  };
+}
+
+/** Red above redAbove, yellow from yellowFrom, otherwise green. */
+export function classify(
+  value: number | null,
+  band: VarroaBand | null | undefined,
+): VarroaLightKey | null {
+  if (value === null || !band) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  if (value > band.redAbove) {
+    return 'red';
+  }
+  if (band.yellowFrom !== null && value >= band.yellowFrom) {
+    return 'yellow';
+  }
+  return 'green';
+}
+
+/**
+ * The light of one measurement. A measurement taken from the start of a
+ * treatment until the recheck day has no light (treatment effect), except the
+ * drone brood check, which never has one.
+ */
+export function rateMeasurement(
+  m: Pick<VarroaMeasurement, 'date' | 'method' | 'calculatedValue'>,
+  colonyType: ColonyType | null,
+  config: VarroaThresholdConfig,
+  treatments: readonly TreatmentWindowLite[],
+): VarroaRating {
+  const day = berlinDayOf(m.date);
+  const { bands, postTreatmentUntil: recheckDay } = bandsFor(
+    day,
+    colonyType,
+    config,
+    treatments,
+  );
+  const band = bands[m.method] ?? null;
+  if (recheckDay !== null && m.method !== 'DRONE_BROOD_CONTROL') {
+    return {
+      light: 'POST_TREATMENT',
+      reasonCode: 'POST_TREATMENT',
+      band: null,
+      postTreatmentUntil: recheckDay,
+    };
+  }
+  return {
+    light: classify(m.calculatedValue, band),
+    reasonCode: band?.reason ?? null,
+    band,
+    postTreatmentUntil: null,
+  };
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/backup/backup.service.spec.ts

@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ const ALL_ENTITY_KEYS = [
   ...BUSINESS_ENTITY_KEYS,
   'document',
   'notification',
+  'notificationPreference',
   'auditLog',
 ] as const;
 
@@ -113,6 +114,10 @@ describe('BackupService', () => {
         upsert: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ id: `${key}-upserted` }),
       };
     }
+    tx.notification = {
+      upsert: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ id: 'notification-upserted' }),
+      findUnique: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(null),
+    } as never;
     tx.queen.update = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({});
     tx.queen.findMany = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]);
     tx.document.findUnique = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(null);
@@ -1304,6 +1309,148 @@ describe('BackupService', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('notifications', () => {
+    const note = (overrides: Row = {}): Row => ({
+      id: 'n1',
+      userId: 'u1',
+      priority: 'INFO',
+      category: 'SUGGESTION',
+      message: 'm',
+      relatedType: 'COLONY',
+      relatedId: 'c1',
+      read: true,
+      createdAt: '2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z',
+      ...overrides,
+    });
+    const without = (row: Row, ...keys: string[]): Row =>
+      Object.fromEntries(
+        Object.entries(row).filter(([key]) => !keys.includes(key)),
+      );
+    const importNotes = (rows: Row[]) =>
+      service.importAll(
+        {
+          version: 3,
+          exportedAt: '2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z',
+          data: { notification: rows },
+        },
+        'admin-1',
+        TRUSTED,
+      );
+    const written = () =>
+      (
+        tx.notification.upsert.mock.calls as [
+          { where: { id: string }; create: Row },
+        ][]
+      ).map(([arg]) => arg.create);
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      tx.user.findMany.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'u1' }, { id: 'u2' }]);
+    });
+
+    it('restore keeps the userId of a notification and skips a row whose user does not exist in the target', async () => {
+      const summary = await importNotes([
+        note({ id: 'n1', userId: 'u2' }),
+        note({ id: 'n2', userId: 'gone' }),
+      ]);
+
+      expect(written().map((row) => [row.id, row.userId])).toEqual([
+        ['n1', 'u2'],
+      ]);
+      expect(summary.imported.notification).toBe(1);
+      expect(summary.imported.notificationSkipped).toBe(1);
+    });
+
+    it('skips and counts a row whose dedupeKey already exists under another id', async () => {
+      (
+        tx.notification as unknown as { findUnique: jest.Mock }
+      ).findUnique.mockImplementation(
+        ({ where }: { where: { dedupeKey: string } }) =>
+          Promise.resolve(
+            where.dedupeKey === 'k:u1' ? { id: 'other-id' } : null,
+          ),
+      );
+
+      const summary = await importNotes([
+        note({ id: 'n1', dedupeKey: 'k:u1' }),
+        note({ id: 'n2', dedupeKey: 'k:u2' }),
+        // Same id as the stored row: a plain re-restore, written as before.
+        note({ id: 'other-id', dedupeKey: 'k:u1' }),
+      ]);
+
+      expect(written().map((row) => row.id)).toEqual(['n2', 'other-id']);
+      expect(summary.imported.notification).toBe(2);
+      expect(summary.imported.notificationSkipped).toBe(1);
+    });
+
+    it('a repeated restore of broadcast copies does not reset their read flags', async () => {
+      const { userId: _u, category: _c, ...old } = note({ id: 'b' });
+      void _u;
+      void _c;
+      await importNotes([old]);
+
+      const calls = tx.notification.upsert.mock.calls as [{ update: Row }][];
+      expect(calls).toHaveLength(2);
+      expect(calls.every(([arg]) => Object.keys(arg.update).length === 0)).toBe(
+        true,
+      );
+    });
+
+    it('never writes a notification without a userId', async () => {
+      await importNotes([
+        note({ userId: null }),
+        note({ id: 'n3', userId: 'gone' }),
+      ]);
+
+      expect(written().every((row) => typeof row.userId === 'string')).toBe(
+        true,
+      );
+    });
+
+    it('an old bundle notification without userId is copied per active user: category SYSTEM for relatedType JobRun or none, SUGGESTION otherwise', async () => {
+      const old = (id: string, relatedType: string | null): Row => {
+        return without(note({ id, relatedType }), 'userId', 'category');
+      };
+
+      await importNotes([
+        old('a', 'JobRun'),
+        old('b', null),
+        old('c', 'COLONY'),
+      ]);
+
+      const rows = written().map((row) => [row.userId, row.category, row.read]);
+      expect(rows).toEqual([
+        ['u1', 'SYSTEM', true],
+        ['u2', 'SYSTEM', true],
+        ['u1', 'SYSTEM', true],
+        ['u2', 'SYSTEM', true],
+        ['u1', 'SUGGESTION', true],
+        ['u2', 'SUGGESTION', true],
+      ]);
+      expect(new Set(written().map((row) => row.id)).size).toBe(6);
+    });
+
+    it('fills the category of an old row that has a userId but none', async () => {
+      await importNotes([without(note({ relatedType: 'JobRun' }), 'category')]);
+      expect(written()[0]).toMatchObject({ userId: 'u1', category: 'SYSTEM' });
+    });
+
+    it('exports and restores the notification preferences of the users', async () => {
+      prisma.notificationPreference.findMany.mockResolvedValue([
+        { userId: 'u1', digestTime: '07:00' },
+        { userId: 'gone', digestTime: '08:00' },
+      ]);
+      const bundle = await service.exportAll();
+      expect(bundle.data.notificationPreference).toHaveLength(2);
+
+      await service.importAll(bundle, 'admin-1', TRUSTED);
+
+      const calls = tx.notificationPreference.upsert.mock.calls as [
+        { where: { userId: string } },
+      ][];
+      expect(calls.map(([arg]) => arg.where.userId)).toEqual(['u1']);
+    });
+  });
+
   // Drift guard: a model added to the schema has to be backed up or listed
   // in MODELS_EXCLUDED_FROM_BACKUP with its reason - never silently missing.
   describe('model coverage', () => {

ApiCore-Backend/src/backup/backup.service.ts

@@ -71,7 +71,8 @@ export interface BackupImportSummary {
  * - siteSettings: keeper name/address printed on the Bestandsbuch and the
  *   public links.
  * - document: writes files to the server's disk.
- * - notification: messages shown to users as coming from ApiCore.
+ * - notification, notificationPreference: messages shown to users as coming
+ *   from ApiCore, and settings of a user.
  */
 export const LEGACY_UNSEALED_TABLES = [
   'apiary',
@@ -188,6 +189,23 @@ function withCurrentFeedVocabulary(row: Row): Row {
   };
 }
 
+// Bundles written before the notification categories carry none: job failures
+// (relatedType 'JobRun') and rows without relatedType are system messages,
+// everything else a suggestion - the rule of migration 11.
+function withCurrentNotificationCategory(row: Row): Row {
+  if (typeof row.category === 'string') {
+    return row;
+  }
+  const relatedType = asString(row, 'relatedType');
+  return {
+    ...row,
+    category:
+      relatedType === null || relatedType === 'JobRun'
+        ? 'SYSTEM'
+        : 'SUGGESTION',
+  };
+}
+
 function documentsStorageRoot(): string {
   return process.env.DOCUMENTS_STORAGE_PATH ?? './uploads';
 }
@@ -316,6 +334,8 @@ export class BackupService {
     );
 
     data.notification = await this.prisma.notification.findMany();
+    data.notificationPreference =
+      await this.prisma.notificationPreference.findMany();
     data.auditLog = await this.prisma.auditLog.findMany();
 
     return {
@@ -1125,20 +1145,86 @@ export class BackupService {
         }
         imported.document = documentCount;
 
+        const activeUserIds = (
+          await tx.user.findMany({
+            where: { isActive: true },
+            select: { id: true },
+            orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+          })
+        ).map((user) => user.id);
+        let notificationsWritten = 0;
+        let notificationsSkipped = 0;
         for (const row of rowsOf('notification')) {
-          await tx.notification.upsert({
-            where: { id: row.id as string },
-            create: {
-              ...row,
-              userId: resolveOptionalUserId(asString(row, 'userId')),
-            } as never,
-            update: {
-              ...row,
-              userId: resolveOptionalUserId(asString(row, 'userId')),
-            } as never,
-          });
+          const withCategory = withCurrentNotificationCategory(row);
+          const rawUserId = asString(row, 'userId');
+          // A bundle from before the per-user notifications carries
+          // broadcasts (no userId): one copy per active user, as migration 8.
+          // A row of a user this database does not know is skipped - the
+          // userId is mandatory and never falls back to somebody else.
+          const owners =
+            rawUserId === null
+              ? activeUserIds
+              : knownUserIds.has(rawUserId)
+                ? [rawUserId]
+                : [];
+          if (owners.length === 0) {
+            notificationsSkipped += 1;
+            continue;
           }
-        imported.notification = rowsOf('notification').length;
+          for (const userId of owners) {
+            const data = {
+              ...withCategory,
+              id:
+                rawUserId === null
+                  ? `${row.id as string}:${userId}`
+                  : (row.id as string),
+              userId,
+            };
+            // The unique dedupeKey of a row that lives here under another id
+            // would abort the whole restore: skip that row instead.
+            const dedupeKey = asString(data, 'dedupeKey');
+            if (dedupeKey !== null) {
+              const holder = await tx.notification.findUnique({
+                where: { dedupeKey },
+                select: { id: true },
+              });
+              if (holder && holder.id !== data.id) {
+                notificationsSkipped += 1;
+                continue;
+              }
+            }
+            await tx.notification.upsert({
+              where: { id: data.id },
+              create: data as never,
+              // A copy made from a broadcast is only added: a repeated
+              // restore must not reset what the user already read.
+              update: (rawUserId === null ? {} : data) as never,
+            });
+            notificationsWritten += 1;
+          }
+        }
+        imported.notification = notificationsWritten;
+        if (notificationsSkipped > 0) {
+          imported.notificationSkipped = notificationsSkipped;
+          this.logger.warn(
+            `${notificationsSkipped} Meldung(en) übersprungen: Nutzer im Zielsystem unbekannt.`,
+          );
+        }
+
+        let preferencesWritten = 0;
+        for (const row of rowsOf('notificationPreference')) {
+          const userId = asString(row, 'userId');
+          if (userId === null || !knownUserIds.has(userId)) {
+            continue;
+          }
+          await tx.notificationPreference.upsert({
+            where: { userId },
+            create: row as never,
+            update: row as never,
+          });
+          preferencesWritten += 1;
+        }
+        imported.notificationPreference = preferencesWritten;
 
         // Append-only: entries already here are never rewritten by a file.
         for (const row of rowsOf('auditLog')) {

ApiCore-Backend/src/calendar-sync/calendar-sync-settings.service.spec.ts

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ describe('CalendarSyncSettingsService', () => {
     syncFeeding: true,
     syncHarvest: true,
     syncQueenAssignment: true,
+    syncWithdrawal: true,
     updatedAt: new Date('2026-01-01'),
   };
 
@@ -87,6 +88,7 @@ describe('CalendarSyncSettingsService', () => {
           syncFeeding: undefined,
           syncHarvest: undefined,
           syncQueenAssignment: undefined,
+          syncWithdrawal: undefined,
         },
       });
       expect(result.groupId).toBe('group-abc');
@@ -149,8 +151,25 @@ describe('CalendarSyncSettingsService', () => {
           syncFeeding: undefined,
           syncHarvest: undefined,
           syncQueenAssignment: undefined,
+          syncWithdrawal: undefined,
         },
       });
     });
+
+    it('passes the withdrawal switch on', async () => {
+      prisma.calendarSyncSettings.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(existing);
+      prisma.calendarSyncSettings.update.mockResolvedValue({
+        ...existing,
+        syncWithdrawal: false,
+      });
+
+      await service.update({ syncWithdrawal: false }, 'user-1');
+
+      expect(prisma.calendarSyncSettings.update).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          data: expect.objectContaining({ syncWithdrawal: false }) as unknown,
+        }),
+      );
+    });
   });
 });

ApiCore-Backend/src/calendar-sync/calendar-sync-settings.service.ts

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ export class CalendarSyncSettingsService {
         syncFeeding: dto.syncFeeding,
         syncHarvest: dto.syncHarvest,
         syncQueenAssignment: dto.syncQueenAssignment,
+        syncWithdrawal: dto.syncWithdrawal,
       },
     });
     await this.auditLog.record({

ApiCore-Backend/src/calendar-sync/calendar-sync.handlers.spec.ts

@@ -59,6 +59,24 @@ describe('CalendarSyncEventHandlers', () => {
     },
   );
 
+  it('QueenAssigned enqueues QUEEN_ASSIGNMENT with the history id', async () => {
+    await handlers.queenAssignment(
+      envelope('QueenAssigned', 'queen-1', {
+        colonyId: 'colony-1',
+        historyId: 'history-1',
+        assignedOn: '2026-10-14',
+        previousColonyId: null,
+      }),
+      tx,
+    );
+
+    expect(calendarSync.enqueueIn).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      tx,
+      'QUEEN_ASSIGNMENT',
+      'history-1',
+    );
+  });
+
   it('TaskCreated without a due date enqueues nothing', async () => {
     await handlers.task(
       envelope('TaskCreated', 'task-1', { dueDate: null }),
@@ -105,6 +123,12 @@ describe('CalendarSyncEventHandlers', () => {
     );
     expect(registered('feeding')[0].handlerId).toBe('calendar-sync.feeding');
     expect(registered('harvest')[0].handlerId).toBe('calendar-sync.harvest');
+    expect(registered('queenAssignment')).toEqual([
+      {
+        types: ['QueenAssigned'],
+        handlerId: 'calendar-sync.queen-assignment',
+      },
+    ]);
     expect(registered('task')).toEqual([
       {
         types: ['TaskCreated', 'TaskUpdated', 'TaskCompleted'],

ApiCore-Backend/src/calendar-sync/calendar-sync.handlers.ts

@@ -74,4 +74,17 @@ export class CalendarSyncEventHandlers {
     }
     await this.calendarSync.enqueueIn(tx, 'TASK', event.aggregateId);
   }
+
+  // The aggregate is the queen; the calendar entry belongs to the history row.
+  @OnDomainEvent(['QueenAssigned'], 'calendar-sync.queen-assignment')
+  async queenAssignment(
+    event: AnyDomainEventEnvelope<'QueenAssigned'>,
+    tx: Prisma.TransactionClient,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    await this.calendarSync.enqueueIn(
+      tx,
+      'QUEEN_ASSIGNMENT',
+      event.payload.historyId,
+    );
+  }
 }

ApiCore-Backend/src/calendar-sync/calendar-sync.service.spec.ts

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ describe('CalendarSyncService', () => {
     syncFeeding: true,
     syncHarvest: true,
     syncQueenAssignment: true,
+    syncWithdrawal: true,
     updatedAt: new Date(),
   };
 
@@ -122,11 +123,22 @@ describe('CalendarSyncService', () => {
       expect(prisma.calendarSyncOutboxEntry.upsert).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
 
-    it('does not enqueue a WITHDRAWAL entry yet (the switch arrives with Task 3)', async () => {
+    it('enqueues a WITHDRAWAL entry while syncWithdrawal is on', async () => {
       settingsService.get.mockResolvedValue(enabledSettings);
 
       await service.enqueue('WITHDRAWAL', 'treatment-1');
 
+      expect(prisma.calendarSyncOutboxEntry.upsert).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('does not enqueue a WITHDRAWAL entry when syncWithdrawal is off', async () => {
+      settingsService.get.mockResolvedValue({
+        ...enabledSettings,
+        syncWithdrawal: false,
+      });
+
+      await service.enqueue('WITHDRAWAL', 'treatment-1');
+
       expect(prisma.calendarSyncOutboxEntry.upsert).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
 

ApiCore-Backend/src/calendar-sync/calendar-sync.service.ts

@@ -103,8 +103,7 @@ export class CalendarSyncService {
       FEEDING: settings.syncFeeding,
       HARVEST: settings.syncHarvest,
       QUEEN_ASSIGNMENT: settings.syncQueenAssignment,
-      // Switch in the settings arrives with Task 3.
-      WITHDRAWAL: false,
+      WITHDRAWAL: settings.syncWithdrawal,
     };
     return flagBySourceType[sourceType];
   }

ApiCore-Backend/src/calendar-sync/dto/update-calendar-sync-settings.dto.ts

@@ -66,4 +66,9 @@ export class UpdateCalendarSyncSettingsDto {
   @IsOptionalNotNull()
   @IsBoolean()
   syncQueenAssignment?: boolean;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional()
+  @IsOptionalNotNull()
+  @IsBoolean()
+  syncWithdrawal?: boolean;
 }

ApiCore-Backend/src/colonies/colonies.service.spec.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
 import { AuditLogService } from '../audit/audit-log.service';
 import { WebhooksService } from '../webhooks/webhooks.service';
 import { DomainEventsService } from '../domain-events/domain-events.service';
+import { berlinToday } from '../common/dates';
 
 describe('ColoniesService', () => {
   let service: ColoniesService;
@@ -139,6 +140,96 @@ describe('ColoniesService', () => {
     expect(lineageArg.data.toColonyId).toBe('colony-2');
   });
 
+  it('split records ColonySplit with queenSource and the given date, audit inside the transaction', async () => {
+    prisma.colony.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(parentColony);
+    const child = { id: 'colony-2', code: 'V-001-A', apiaryId: 'apiary-1' };
+    tx.colony.create.mockResolvedValue(child);
+    tx.colonyLineage.create.mockResolvedValue({ id: 'lineage-1' });
+
+    await service.split(
+      'colony-1',
+      {
+        code: 'V-001-A',
+        colonyType: 'NUCLEUS_COLONY',
+        date: '2026-05-05',
+        queenSource: 'QUEEN_CELL',
+      },
+      'user-1',
+    );
+
+    expect(tx.$queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    const [[lineageArg]] = tx.colonyLineage.create.mock.calls as [
+      [{ data: { date: Date; queenSource: string } }],
+    ];
+    expect(lineageArg.data.date).toEqual(new Date('2026-05-05T00:00:00.000Z'));
+    expect(lineageArg.data.queenSource).toBe('QUEEN_CELL');
+    expect(events.record).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      tx,
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        type: 'ColonySplit',
+        aggregateType: 'Colony',
+        aggregateId: 'colony-2',
+        actorUserId: 'user-1',
+        payload: {
+          parentColonyId: 'colony-1',
+          lineageId: 'lineage-1',
+          queenSource: 'QUEEN_CELL',
+          splitOn: '2026-05-05',
+        },
+      }),
+    );
+    expect(auditLog.record).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.anything(), tx);
+  });
+
+  it('split without a date uses today and a null queenSource', async () => {
+    prisma.colony.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(parentColony);
+    tx.colony.create.mockResolvedValue({ id: 'colony-2' });
+    tx.colonyLineage.create.mockResolvedValue({ id: 'lineage-1' });
+
+    await service.split(
+      'colony-1',
+      { code: 'V-001-A', colonyType: 'NUCLEUS_COLONY' },
+      'user-1',
+    );
+
+    const [[, event]] = events.record.mock.calls as [
+      [unknown, { payload: { queenSource: unknown; splitOn: string } }],
+    ];
+    expect(event.payload.queenSource).toBeNull();
+    expect(event.payload.splitOn).toBe(berlinToday());
+  });
+
+  it('split with a future date answers 400', async () => {
+    prisma.colony.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(parentColony);
+
+    await expect(
+      service.split(
+        'colony-1',
+        { code: 'V-001-A', colonyType: 'NUCLEUS_COLONY', date: '2999-01-01' },
+        'user-1',
+      ),
+    ).rejects.toMatchObject({
+      status: 400,
+      message: 'Das Datum liegt in der Zukunft.',
+    });
+    expect(tx.colony.create).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('split of a colony that ended meanwhile (seen after the lock) answers 409', async () => {
+    prisma.colony.findUnique
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(parentColony)
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce({ ...parentColony, status: 'DISSOLVED' });
+
+    await expect(
+      service.split(
+        'colony-1',
+        { code: 'V-001-A', colonyType: 'NUCLEUS_COLONY' },
+        'user-1',
+      ),
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ConflictException);
+    expect(tx.colony.create).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
   it('merge marks the merged colony as MERGED, releases its queen, and records a MERGE lineage entry', async () => {
     prisma.colony.findUnique
       .mockResolvedValueOnce(parentColony)
@@ -502,6 +593,7 @@ describe('ColoniesService', () => {
   it('writes the audit entry of create, move and split inside the transaction', async () => {
     prisma.colony.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(parentColony);
     tx.colony.create.mockResolvedValue({ id: 'colony-2' });
+    tx.colonyLineage.create.mockResolvedValue({ id: 'lineage-1' });
     tx.colony.update.mockResolvedValue({
       ...parentColony,
       apiaryId: 'apiary-2',

ApiCore-Backend/src/colonies/colonies.service.ts

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import { MergeColonyDto } from './dto/merge-colony.dto';
 import { isLivingColonyStatus } from './colony-status';
 import { lockRowsForUpdate } from '../prisma/row-lock';
 import { colonyTransitionEvents, lockColony } from './colony-events';
+import { berlinToday, dayToDate } from '../common/dates';
 
 export interface ColonyFilter {
   status?: ColonyStatus;
@@ -194,9 +195,16 @@ export class ColoniesService {
     dto: SplitColonyDto,
     actingUserId: string,
   ): Promise<Colony> {
-    const parent = await this.findById(id);
-    this.assertActive(parent);
+    await this.findById(id);
+    const today = berlinToday();
+    const splitOn = dto.date ?? today;
+    if (splitOn > today) {
+      throw new BadRequestException('Das Datum liegt in der Zukunft.');
+    }
+    const queenSource = dto.queenSource ?? null;
     const child = await this.prisma.$transaction(async (tx) => {
+      const parent = await lockColony(tx, id);
+      this.assertActive(parent);
       const created = await tx.colony.create({
         data: {
           code: dto.code,
@@ -205,12 +213,13 @@ export class ColoniesService {
           notes: dto.notes,
         },
       });
-      await tx.colonyLineage.create({
+      const lineage = await tx.colonyLineage.create({
         data: {
           type: 'SPLIT',
           fromColonyId: parent.id,
           toColonyId: created.id,
-          date: new Date(),
+          date: dayToDate(splitOn),
+          queenSource,
           notes: dto.notes,
         },
       });
@@ -224,6 +233,18 @@ export class ColoniesService {
         },
         tx,
       );
+      await this.events.record(tx, {
+        type: 'ColonySplit',
+        aggregateType: 'Colony',
+        aggregateId: created.id,
+        actorUserId: actingUserId,
+        payload: {
+          parentColonyId: parent.id,
+          lineageId: lineage.id,
+          queenSource,
+          splitOn,
+        },
+      });
       return created;
     });
     return child;

ApiCore-Backend/src/colonies/dto/split-colony.dto.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { ApiProperty, ApiPropertyOptional } from '@nestjs/swagger';
-import { IsEnum, IsOptional, IsString } from 'class-validator';
-import { ColonyType } from '../../../generated/prisma';
+import { IsEnum, IsOptional, IsString, Matches } from 'class-validator';
+import { ColonyType, SplitQueenSource } from '../../../generated/prisma';
 
 export class SplitColonyDto {
   @ApiProperty()
@@ -15,4 +15,16 @@ export class SplitColonyDto {
   @IsOptional()
   @IsString()
   notes?: string;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({
+    description: 'Day of the split (YYYY-MM-DD), not after today.',
+  })
+  @IsOptional()
+  @Matches(/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/, { message: 'date must be YYYY-MM-DD' })
+  date?: string;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({ enum: SplitQueenSource })
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsEnum(SplitQueenSource)
+  queenSource?: SplitQueenSource;
 }

ApiCore-Backend/src/common/after-commit-usage.spec.ts

@@ -43,10 +43,8 @@ describe('legacy after-commit paths', () => {
     ]);
   });
 
-  it('only the queen assignment still enqueues a calendar entry directly', () => {
-    expect(filesCalling('calendarSync.enqueue(')).toEqual([
-      'src/queens/queens.service.ts',
-    ]);
+  it('no module enqueues a calendar entry directly any more', () => {
+    expect(filesCalling('calendarSync.enqueue(')).toEqual([]);
   });
 
   it('only the modules without an event still dispatch webhooks directly', () => {

ApiCore-Backend/src/common/outbox/outbox-claims.ts

@@ -71,9 +71,13 @@ function orderColumn(column: OutboxOrderColumn): Prisma.Sql {
 }
 
 /**
- * Claims up to `limit` due PENDING entries, oldest first. SKIP LOCKED lets
- * several workers claim side by side without waiting for or overlapping
- * each other. Returns the claimed rows (all columns) in claim order.
+ * Claims up to `limit` due PENDING entries, oldest first. "availableAt" is
+ * TIMESTAMP(3), so a value written from now() is rounded to the nearest
+ * millisecond - up to 0.5 ms ahead of the clock. Comparing against now()
+ * rounded the same way keeps such an entry due as soon as it is written;
+ * a plain now() would miss it for the first fraction of a millisecond.
+ * SKIP LOCKED lets several workers claim side by side without waiting for
+ * or overlapping each other. Returns the claimed rows (all columns) in claim order.
  * Uses the root client: a claim must commit on its own.
  */
 export async function claimBatch<Row>(
@@ -96,7 +100,7 @@ export async function claimBatch<Row>(
       UPDATE ${name} SET "status" = 'PROCESSING', "claimedAt" = now()
       WHERE "id" IN (
         SELECT "id" FROM ${name}
-        WHERE "status" = 'PENDING' AND "availableAt" <= now() ${filter}
+        WHERE "status" = 'PENDING' AND "availableAt" <= CAST(now() AS timestamp(3)) ${filter}
         ORDER BY ${orderBy}
         LIMIT ${options.limit}
         FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED

ApiCore-Backend/src/common/validation/update-dto-null-handling.spec.ts

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import { UpdateHoneyBatchDto } from '../../honey-batches/dto/update-honey-batch.
 import { UpdateHoneyMeasurementDto } from '../../honey-batches/dto/update-honey-measurement.dto';
 import { UpdateInspectionDto } from '../../inspections/dto/update-inspection.dto';
 import { UpdateLabelTemplateDto } from '../../label-templates/dto/update-label-template.dto';
+import { UpdateNotificationSettingsDto } from '../../notifications/dto/update-notification-settings.dto';
 import { UpdateProductionBatchDto } from '../../production-batches/dto/update-production-batch.dto';
 import { UpdateProductDto } from '../../products/dto/update-product.dto';
 import { UpdateProfileDto } from '../../profile/dto/update-profile.dto';
@@ -78,9 +79,23 @@ const contracts: Record<string, NullContract> = {
       'syncFeeding',
       'syncHarvest',
       'syncQueenAssignment',
+      'syncWithdrawal',
     ],
     clearable: ['groupId'],
   },
+  // quietFrom/quietUntil: null clears them, but only as a pair (the service
+  // judges the merged values).
+  UpdateNotificationSettingsDto: {
+    dto: UpdateNotificationSettingsDto,
+    notNull: [
+      'taskDueEnabled',
+      'digestEnabled',
+      'digestTime',
+      'telegramCategories',
+      'telegramDetail',
+    ],
+    clearable: ['quietFrom', 'quietUntil'],
+  },
   UpdateBottlingBatchDto: {
     dto: UpdateBottlingBatchDto,
     notNull: [

ApiCore-Backend/src/domain-events/domain-event-dispatcher.spec.ts

@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ describe('DomainEventDispatcher', () => {
       `UPDATE "DomainEvent" SET "status" = 'PROCESSING', "claimedAt" = now()`,
     );
     expect(text(claim)).toContain(
-      `WHERE "status" = 'PENDING' AND "availableAt" <= now()`,
+      `WHERE "status" = 'PENDING' AND "availableAt" <= CAST(now() AS timestamp(3))`,
     );
     expect(text(claim)).toContain(
       'ORDER BY "occurredAt" LIMIT ? FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED',
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ describe('DomainEventDispatcher', () => {
 
     const claim = db.claimQuery();
     expect(text(claim)).toContain(
-      `"availableAt" <= now() AND "correlationId" = ANY(?) ORDER BY`,
+      `"availableAt" <= CAST(now() AS timestamp(3)) AND "correlationId" = ANY(?) ORDER BY`,
     );
     expect(claim.values).toEqual([['c1', 'c2'], 50]);
   });

ApiCore-Backend/src/domain-events/domain-event-types.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import {
   ColonyStatus,
   Prisma,
   RawMaterialKind,
+  SplitQueenSource,
   TaskRelatedType,
   TaskStatus,
 } from '../../generated/prisma';
@@ -68,6 +69,20 @@ export interface DomainEventPayloads {
     lastInspectedOn: string | null;
     firstOfYear?: boolean;
   };
+  // Aggregate Colony: the new split colony.
+  ColonySplit: {
+    parentColonyId: string;
+    lineageId: string;
+    queenSource: SplitQueenSource | null;
+    splitOn: string;
+  };
+  // Aggregate Queen.
+  QueenAssigned: {
+    colonyId: string;
+    historyId: string;
+    assignedOn: string;
+    previousColonyId: string | null;
+  };
 }
 
 export type DomainEventType = keyof DomainEventPayloads;
@@ -97,6 +112,8 @@ const CATALOG: Record<DomainEventType, true> = {
   QueenAged: true,
   VarroaMeasurementDue: true,
   InspectionOverdue: true,
+  ColonySplit: true,
+  QueenAssigned: true,
 };
 
 export const DOMAIN_EVENT_TYPES: readonly DomainEventType[] = Object.freeze(

ApiCore-Backend/src/domain-events/domain-events.service.spec.ts

@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ describe('DomainEventsService', () => {
 
 describe('domain event catalog', () => {
   it('lists every event type exactly once', () => {
-    expect(DOMAIN_EVENT_TYPES).toHaveLength(23);
+    expect(DOMAIN_EVENT_TYPES).toHaveLength(25);
     expect(new Set(DOMAIN_EVENT_TYPES).size).toBe(DOMAIN_EVENT_TYPES.length);
     expect(DOMAIN_EVENT_TYPES).toEqual(
       expect.arrayContaining([
@@ -191,6 +191,8 @@ describe('domain event catalog', () => {
         'StockChanged',
         'TaskDue',
         'InspectionOverdue',
+        'ColonySplit',
+        'QueenAssigned',
       ]),
     );
   });

ApiCore-Backend/src/jobs/daily-evaluation.rules.spec.ts

@@ -174,10 +174,10 @@ describe('daily evaluation rules', () => {
         }),
       ).toBe('2026-10-12'));
 
-    it('ends on the treatment day itself without a waiting time and ignores the time of day', () =>
+    it('ends on the treatment day itself without a waiting time and uses the Berlin day, ignoring the time of day', () =>
       expect(
         withdrawalEndDay({
-          date: new Date('2026-09-28T22:15:00.000Z'),
+          date: new Date('2026-09-28T22:15:00+02:00'),
           endDate: null,
           withdrawalPeriodDays: 0,
         }),

ApiCore-Backend/src/jobs/daily-evaluation.rules.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import { inspectionDueOn } from '../season/inspection-due';
 import { isQueenAged } from '../season/queen-age';
 import type { SeasonService } from '../season/season.service';
 import { varroaMeasurementDue } from '../season/varroa-due';
+import { withdrawalUntilDay } from '../treatments/withdrawal-window';
 
 /** How many days back a run still records an occurrence it missed. */
 export const CATCH_UP_DAYS = 7;
@@ -82,10 +83,7 @@ function dayAfter(date: Date, days: number): Date {
 export function withdrawalEndDay(
   t: Pick<Treatment, 'date' | 'endDate' | 'withdrawalPeriodDays'>,
 ): string | null {
-  if (t.withdrawalPeriodDays === null) {
-    return null;
-  }
-  return utcDay(dayAfter(t.endDate ?? t.date, t.withdrawalPeriodDays));
+  return withdrawalUntilDay(t);
 }
 
 /** True for a 'YYYY-MM-DD' day from today − CATCH_UP_DAYS up to today. */

ApiCore-Backend/src/notifications/dto/update-notification-settings.dto.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+import { ApiPropertyOptional } from '@nestjs/swagger';
+import {
+  ArrayMaxSize,
+  ArrayUnique,
+  IsArray,
+  IsBoolean,
+  IsEnum,
+  Matches,
+  ValidateIf,
+} from 'class-validator';
+import { NotificationCategory } from '../../../generated/prisma';
+import { IsOptionalNotNull } from '../../common/validation/is-optional-not-null';
+
+const TIME_PATTERN = /^([01]\d|2[0-3]):[0-5]\d$/;
+const TIME_MESSAGE = 'Bitte eine Uhrzeit im Format HH:MM angeben.';
+const MAX_TELEGRAM_CATEGORIES = Object.keys(NotificationCategory).length;
+
+// PATCH null rule: an omitted field stays unchanged; the switches, the digest
+// time and the category list are NOT NULL columns, so null on them is a 400.
+// quietFrom/quietUntil are nullable: null clears them - only as a pair (the
+// service judges the merged values). telegramEnabled is not changeable here:
+// connecting and disconnecting set it.
+export class UpdateNotificationSettingsDto {
+  @ApiPropertyOptional()
+  @IsOptionalNotNull()
+  @IsBoolean()
+  taskDueEnabled?: boolean;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional()
+  @IsOptionalNotNull()
+  @IsBoolean()
+  digestEnabled?: boolean;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({
+    description: 'HH:MM, 05:00 bis 12:00 (Europe/Berlin)',
+  })
+  @IsOptionalNotNull()
+  @Matches(TIME_PATTERN, { message: TIME_MESSAGE })
+  digestTime?: string;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({ type: String, nullable: true })
+  @ValidateIf((_object, value) => value !== undefined && value !== null)
+  @Matches(TIME_PATTERN, { message: TIME_MESSAGE })
+  quietFrom?: string | null;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({ type: String, nullable: true })
+  @ValidateIf((_object, value) => value !== undefined && value !== null)
+  @Matches(TIME_PATTERN, { message: TIME_MESSAGE })
+  quietUntil?: string | null;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({ enum: NotificationCategory, isArray: true })
+  @IsOptionalNotNull()
+  @IsArray()
+  @ArrayUnique()
+  @ArrayMaxSize(MAX_TELEGRAM_CATEGORIES)
+  @IsEnum(NotificationCategory, { each: true })
+  telegramCategories?: NotificationCategory[];
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional()
+  @IsOptionalNotNull()
+  @IsBoolean()
+  telegramDetail?: boolean;
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/notifications/no-broadcast-notifications.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+import { readdirSync, readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { join, relative, sep } from 'node:path';
+
+// Spec 14.3: a Notification row always has a recipient. Rows are written only
+// by NotificationsService (fan-out, permission check, dedupe key) and by the
+// backup restore (which resolves the userId itself).
+const SRC = join(__dirname, '..');
+const WRITE_SOURCE =
+  '\\bnotification\\.(create|createMany|createManyAndReturn|upsert)\\(';
+const RAW_INSERT_SOURCE = 'INSERT\\s+INTO\\s+"?Notification"?(?![A-Za-z])';
+const ALLOWED = [
+  'backup/backup.service.ts',
+  'notifications/notifications.service.ts',
+];
+
+function sources(dir: string): string[] {
+  return readdirSync(dir, { withFileTypes: true }).flatMap((entry) => {
+    const path = join(dir, entry.name);
+    if (entry.isDirectory()) {
+      return sources(path);
+    }
+    return entry.name.endsWith('.ts') && !entry.name.endsWith('.spec.ts')
+      ? [path]
+      : [];
+  });
+}
+
+const rel = (file: string) => relative(SRC, file).split(sep).join('/');
+
+function filesMatching(source: string): string[] {
+  return sources(SRC)
+    .filter((file) => new RegExp(source, 'i').test(readFileSync(file, 'utf8')))
+    .map(rel)
+    .sort();
+}
+
+/** Index of the parenthesis that closes the one at `open`. */
+function closingParen(text: string, open: number): number {
+  let depth = 0;
+  for (let i = open; i < text.length; i += 1) {
+    if (text[i] === '(') depth += 1;
+    if (text[i] === ')') {
+      depth -= 1;
+      if (depth === 0) return i;
+    }
+  }
+  throw new Error('unbalanced parentheses');
+}
+
+describe('no broadcast notifications', () => {
+  it('Notification rows are written only by NotificationsService and the backup restore', () =>
+    expect(filesMatching(WRITE_SOURCE)).toEqual(ALLOWED));
+
+  it('no raw INSERT INTO "Notification" in src', () =>
+    expect(filesMatching(RAW_INSERT_SOURCE)).toEqual([]));
+
+  it('every Notification write in those two files carries a userId (spec 14.3)', () => {
+    for (const file of ALLOWED) {
+      const text = readFileSync(join(SRC, file), 'utf8');
+      const hits = [...text.matchAll(new RegExp(WRITE_SOURCE, 'g'))];
+      expect(hits.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+      for (const hit of hits) {
+        const open = hit.index + hit[0].length - 1;
+        const call = text.slice(open, closingParen(text, open) + 1);
+        if (call.includes('userId')) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        // The data object is built above the call: its definition must set userId.
+        const before = text.slice(Math.max(0, hit.index - 3000), hit.index);
+        const definition = [...before.matchAll(/const data = \{[\s\S]*?\};/g)];
+        expect(call).toMatch(/create: data\b/);
+        expect(definition.at(-1)?.[0]).toMatch(/\buserId\b/);
+      }
+    }
+  });
+});

ApiCore-Backend/src/notifications/notification-link.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/**
+ * A notification link is a relative app path: it starts with "/", not with
+ * "//" or "/\", carries no scheme and is at most 300 characters long. Anything
+ * else is a programming error, never user input (the code that records the
+ * notification builds the link).
+ */
+const APP_LINK_PATTERN = /^\/(?![/\\])[A-Za-z0-9\-._~/?=&%]{0,299}$/;
+
+export function assertAppLink(link: string): void {
+  if (!APP_LINK_PATTERN.test(link)) {
+    throw new Error(`Notification link is not a relative app path: ${link}`);
+  }
+}
+
+/** One key per recipient, so a fan-out repeated for the same event writes nothing new. */
+export function notificationDedupeKey(prefix: string, userId: string): string {
+  return `${prefix}:${userId}`;
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/notifications/notification-preferences.service.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+import { BadRequestException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { NotificationPreferencesService } from './notification-preferences.service';
+import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
+import { lockRowForUpdate } from '../prisma/row-lock';
+
+jest.mock('../prisma/row-lock', () => ({
+  lockRowForUpdate: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(true),
+}));
+
+const stored = {
+  userId: 'u1',
+  taskDueEnabled: true,
+  digestEnabled: true,
+  digestTime: '06:30',
+  quietFrom: '21:00' as string | null,
+  quietUntil: '06:30' as string | null,
+  telegramEnabled: false,
+  telegramCategories: ['TASK_DUE', 'DIGEST'],
+  telegramDetail: true,
+  updatedAt: new Date(0),
+};
+
+describe('NotificationPreferencesService', () => {
+  let service: NotificationPreferencesService;
+  let tx: {
+    notificationPreference: {
+      upsert: jest.Mock;
+      findUniqueOrThrow: jest.Mock;
+      update: jest.Mock;
+    };
+  };
+  let prisma: {
+    notificationPreference: { upsert: jest.Mock };
+    $transaction: jest.Mock;
+  };
+  const order: string[] = [];
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    order.length = 0;
+    (lockRowForUpdate as jest.Mock).mockImplementation(() => {
+      order.push('lock');
+      return Promise.resolve(true);
+    });
+    tx = {
+      notificationPreference: {
+        upsert: jest.fn().mockImplementation(() => {
+          order.push('upsert');
+          return Promise.resolve(stored);
+        }),
+        findUniqueOrThrow: jest.fn().mockImplementation(() => {
+          order.push('read');
+          return Promise.resolve(stored);
+        }),
+        update: jest
+          .fn()
+          .mockImplementation(({ data }: { data: object }) =>
+            Promise.resolve({ ...stored, ...data }),
+          ),
+      },
+    };
+    prisma = {
+      notificationPreference: {
+        upsert: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(stored),
+      },
+      $transaction: jest
+        .fn()
+        .mockImplementation((work: (t: unknown) => Promise<unknown>) =>
+          work(tx),
+        ),
+    };
+    service = new NotificationPreferencesService(
+      prisma as unknown as PrismaService,
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('creates the defaults on first read', async () => {
+    await expect(service.getOrCreate('u1')).resolves.toBe(stored);
+    expect(prisma.notificationPreference.upsert).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      where: { userId: 'u1' },
+      create: { userId: 'u1' },
+      update: {},
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('uses the given client for the first read', async () => {
+    await service.getOrCreate('u1', tx as never);
+    expect(tx.notificationPreference.upsert).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(prisma.notificationPreference.upsert).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it.each(['04:30', '12:01', '00:00', '23:59'])(
+    'rejects %s as digest time with the German message',
+    async (digestTime) => {
+      const failure = service.update('u1', { digestTime });
+      await expect(failure).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(BadRequestException);
+      await expect(failure).rejects.toThrow(
+        'Bitte eine Uhrzeit zwischen 05:00 und 12:00 wählen.',
+      );
+      expect(tx.notificationPreference.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    },
+  );
+
+  it.each(['05:00', '12:00', '09:15'])(
+    'accepts %s as digest time',
+    async (digestTime) => {
+      await service.update('u1', { digestTime });
+      expect(tx.notificationPreference.update).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+        where: { userId: 'u1' },
+        data: expect.objectContaining({ digestTime }) as unknown,
+      });
+    },
+  );
+
+  it('clears quiet hours only as a pair', async () => {
+    const failure = service.update('u1', { quietFrom: null });
+    await expect(failure).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(BadRequestException);
+    await expect(failure).rejects.toThrow(
+      'Bitte Beginn und Ende der Ruhezeit zusammen leeren.',
+    );
+
+    await service.update('u1', { quietFrom: null, quietUntil: null });
+    expect(tx.notificationPreference.update).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      where: { userId: 'u1' },
+      data: expect.objectContaining({
+        quietFrom: null,
+        quietUntil: null,
+      }) as unknown,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('judges the pair rule on the merged values, not on the dto alone', async () => {
+    tx.notificationPreference.findUniqueOrThrow.mockResolvedValue({
+      ...stored,
+      quietFrom: null,
+      quietUntil: null,
+    });
+
+    await expect(
+      service.update('u1', { quietFrom: '22:00' }),
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(BadRequestException);
+    await expect(
+      service.update('u1', { quietFrom: '22:00', quietUntil: '05:30' }),
+    ).resolves.toBeDefined();
+  });
+
+  it('update locks the preference row by userId and merges with the stored values read inside the transaction', async () => {
+    tx.notificationPreference.findUniqueOrThrow.mockImplementation(() => {
+      order.push('read');
+      return Promise.resolve({ ...stored, digestTime: '07:00' });
+    });
+
+    const result = await service.update('u1', { telegramDetail: false });
+
+    expect(order).toEqual(['upsert', 'lock', 'read']);
+    expect(lockRowForUpdate).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      tx,
+      'NotificationPreference',
+      'u1',
+    );
+    expect(tx.notificationPreference.update).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      where: { userId: 'u1' },
+      data: {
+        taskDueEnabled: true,
+        digestEnabled: true,
+        digestTime: '07:00',
+        quietFrom: '21:00',
+        quietUntil: '06:30',
+        telegramCategories: ['TASK_DUE', 'DIGEST'],
+        telegramDetail: false,
+      },
+    });
+    expect(result.telegramDetail).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('never writes telegramEnabled', async () => {
+    await service.update('u1', { telegramCategories: ['SYSTEM'] });
+    const [[arg]] = tx.notificationPreference.update.mock.calls as [
+      [{ data: Record<string, unknown> }],
+    ];
+    expect(arg.data).not.toHaveProperty('telegramEnabled');
+    expect(arg.data.telegramCategories).toEqual(['SYSTEM']);
+  });
+});

ApiCore-Backend/src/notifications/notification-preferences.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import { BadRequestException, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
+import {
+  NotificationCategory,
+  NotificationPreference,
+} from '../../generated/prisma';
+import { DbClient } from '../prisma/db-client';
+import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
+import { lockRowForUpdate } from '../prisma/row-lock';
+import { UpdateNotificationSettingsDto } from './dto/update-notification-settings.dto';
+
+/** The digest time the owner may choose, Europe/Berlin (inclusive). */
+const DIGEST_TIME_MIN = '05:00';
+const DIGEST_TIME_MAX = '12:00';
+const DIGEST_TIME_MESSAGE =
+  'Bitte eine Uhrzeit zwischen 05:00 und 12:00 wählen.';
+const QUIET_PAIR_MESSAGE =
+  'Bitte Beginn und Ende der Ruhezeit zusammen leeren.';
+
+export interface NotificationSettingsView {
+  taskDueEnabled: boolean;
+  digestEnabled: boolean;
+  digestTime: string;
+  quietFrom: string | null;
+  quietUntil: string | null;
+  telegramCategories: NotificationCategory[];
+  telegramDetail: boolean;
+}
+
+export function toNotificationSettingsView(
+  preference: NotificationPreference,
+): NotificationSettingsView {
+  return {
+    taskDueEnabled: preference.taskDueEnabled,
+    digestEnabled: preference.digestEnabled,
+    digestTime: preference.digestTime,
+    quietFrom: preference.quietFrom,
+    quietUntil: preference.quietUntil,
+    telegramCategories: preference.telegramCategories,
+    telegramDetail: preference.telegramDetail,
+  };
+}
+
+/** HH:MM strings of one day compare correctly as text. */
+function assertDigestTime(digestTime: string): void {
+  if (digestTime < DIGEST_TIME_MIN || digestTime > DIGEST_TIME_MAX) {
+    throw new BadRequestException(DIGEST_TIME_MESSAGE);
+  }
+}
+
+/** Per-user notification settings; a missing row means the defaults. */
+@Injectable()
+export class NotificationPreferencesService {
+  constructor(private readonly prisma: PrismaService) {}
+
+  getOrCreate(
+    userId: string,
+    db: DbClient = this.prisma,
+  ): Promise<NotificationPreference> {
+    return db.notificationPreference.upsert({
+      where: { userId },
+      create: { userId },
+      update: {},
+    });
+  }
+
+  async update(
+    userId: string,
+    dto: UpdateNotificationSettingsDto,
+  ): Promise<NotificationPreference> {
+    if (dto.digestTime !== undefined) {
+      assertDigestTime(dto.digestTime);
+    }
+    return this.prisma.$transaction(async (tx) => {
+      await this.getOrCreate(userId, tx);
+      await lockRowForUpdate(tx, 'NotificationPreference', userId);
+      const stored = await tx.notificationPreference.findUniqueOrThrow({
+        where: { userId },
+      });
+      const quietFrom =
+        dto.quietFrom !== undefined ? dto.quietFrom : stored.quietFrom;
+      const quietUntil =
+        dto.quietUntil !== undefined ? dto.quietUntil : stored.quietUntil;
+      if ((quietFrom === null) !== (quietUntil === null)) {
+        throw new BadRequestException(QUIET_PAIR_MESSAGE);
+      }
+      return tx.notificationPreference.update({
+        where: { userId },
+        data: {
+          taskDueEnabled: dto.taskDueEnabled ?? stored.taskDueEnabled,
+          digestEnabled: dto.digestEnabled ?? stored.digestEnabled,
+          digestTime: dto.digestTime ?? stored.digestTime,
+          quietFrom,
+          quietUntil,
+          telegramCategories:
+            dto.telegramCategories ?? stored.telegramCategories,
+          telegramDetail: dto.telegramDetail ?? stored.telegramDetail,
+        },
+      });
+    });
+  }
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/notifications/notification-settings.controller.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { Body, Controller, Get, Patch } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { ApiBearerAuth, ApiTags } from '@nestjs/swagger';
+import { AnyAuthenticatedUser } from '../auth/decorators/any-authenticated-user.decorator';
+import { CurrentUser } from '../auth/decorators/current-user.decorator';
+import type { AuthenticatedUser } from '../auth/types/authenticated-user';
+import { UpdateNotificationSettingsDto } from './dto/update-notification-settings.dto';
+import {
+  NotificationPreferencesService,
+  NotificationSettingsView,
+  toNotificationSettingsView,
+} from './notification-preferences.service';
+
+/**
+ * The caller's own notification settings: self-scoped like ProfileController
+ * (no permission applies), @AnyAuthenticatedUser keeps API keys out.
+ */
+@ApiTags('profile')
+@ApiBearerAuth()
+@AnyAuthenticatedUser()
+@Controller('profile/notification-settings')
+export class NotificationSettingsController {
+  constructor(private readonly preferences: NotificationPreferencesService) {}
+
+  @Get()
+  async get(
+    @CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser,
+  ): Promise<NotificationSettingsView> {
+    return toNotificationSettingsView(
+      await this.preferences.getOrCreate(actor.id),
+    );
+  }
+
+  @Patch()
+  async update(
+    @Body() dto: UpdateNotificationSettingsDto,
+    @CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser,
+  ): Promise<NotificationSettingsView> {
+    return toNotificationSettingsView(
+      await this.preferences.update(actor.id, dto),
+    );
+  }
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/notifications/notifications.controller.ts

@@ -13,16 +13,21 @@ export class NotificationsController {
   constructor(private readonly notificationsService: NotificationsService) {}
 
   @Get()
-  findAll(
+  findOwn(
     @CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser,
     @Query('unreadOnly') unreadOnly?: string,
   ) {
-    return this.notificationsService.findAll({
-      userId: actor.id,
+    return this.notificationsService.findOwn(actor.id, {
       unreadOnly: unreadOnly === 'true',
     });
   }
 
+  // Declared before ':id/read' so the fixed path is matched first.
+  @Post('read-all')
+  markAllRead(@CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser) {
+    return this.notificationsService.markAllRead(actor.id);
+  }
+
   @Post(':id/read')
   markRead(@Param('id') id: string, @CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser) {
     return this.notificationsService.markRead(id, actor.id);

ApiCore-Backend/src/notifications/notifications.module.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { NotificationPreferencesService } from './notification-preferences.service';
+import { NotificationSettingsController } from './notification-settings.controller';
 import { NotificationsController } from './notifications.controller';
 import { NotificationsService } from './notifications.service';
 
 @Module({
-  controllers: [NotificationsController],
-  providers: [NotificationsService],
-  exports: [NotificationsService],
+  controllers: [NotificationsController, NotificationSettingsController],
+  providers: [NotificationsService, NotificationPreferencesService],
+  exports: [NotificationsService, NotificationPreferencesService],
 })
 export class NotificationsModule {}

ApiCore-Backend/src/notifications/notifications.service.spec.ts

@@ -1,18 +1,30 @@
-import { ForbiddenException, NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { NotificationsService } from './notifications.service';
+import { assertAppLink } from './notification-link';
 import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
+import { PermissionResolverService } from '../auth/permissions/permission-resolver.service';
 
-type CreateManyArg = { data: { userId: string; message: string }[] };
+type CreateManyArg = {
+  data: {
+    userId: string;
+    message: string;
+    dedupeKey: string | null;
+    requiredPermissions: string[];
+    category: string;
+    link: string | null;
+  }[];
+  skipDuplicates: boolean;
+};
 
 describe('NotificationsService', () => {
   let service: NotificationsService;
+  let held: Set<string>;
   let prisma: {
     notification: {
-      create: jest.Mock;
-      createMany: jest.Mock;
+      createManyAndReturn: jest.Mock;
       findMany: jest.Mock;
-      findUnique: jest.Mock;
-      update: jest.Mock;
+      findFirstOrThrow: jest.Mock;
+      updateMany: jest.Mock;
     };
     user: { findMany: jest.Mock };
   };
@@ -20,177 +32,375 @@ describe('NotificationsService', () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     prisma = {
       notification: {
-        create: jest.fn(),
-        createMany: jest
+        createManyAndReturn: jest
           .fn()
           .mockImplementation(({ data }: CreateManyArg) =>
-            Promise.resolve({ count: data.length }),
+            Promise.resolve(data.map((row, i) => ({ id: `n${i}`, ...row }))),
           ),
-        findMany: jest.fn(),
-        findUnique: jest.fn(),
-        update: jest.fn(),
+        findMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
+        findFirstOrThrow: jest.fn(),
+        updateMany: jest.fn(),
       },
       user: { findMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]) },
     };
-    service = new NotificationsService(prisma as unknown as PrismaService);
+    held = new Set();
+    service = new NotificationsService(
+      prisma as unknown as PrismaService,
+      {
+        getPermissions: jest
+          .fn()
+          .mockImplementation(() => Promise.resolve(held)),
+      } as unknown as PermissionResolverService,
+    );
   });
 
-  it('records a notification with the given priority and message', async () => {
-    const created = {
-      id: 'n1',
-      priority: 'KRITISCH',
-      message: 'Keine Königin gesehen',
-    };
-    prisma.notification.create.mockResolvedValueOnce(created);
+  const lastCreate = () =>
+    (
+      prisma.notification.createManyAndReturn.mock.calls[0] as [CreateManyArg]
+    )[0];
+
+  it('record without userId does not compile', () => {
+    // @ts-expect-error userId fehlt
+    void service.record({ priority: 'INFO', category: 'SYSTEM', message: 'm' });
+  });
+
+  describe('record', () => {
+    it('writes one row for an eligible recipient and returns it', async () => {
+      prisma.user.findMany.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'u1' }]);
 
       const result = await service.record({
+        userId: 'u1',
         priority: 'KRITISCH',
+        category: 'SYSTEM',
         message: 'Keine Königin gesehen',
+        dedupeKey: 'k:u1',
       });
 
-    expect(result).toEqual(created);
-    expect(prisma.notification.create).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
-      data: { priority: 'KRITISCH', message: 'Keine Königin gesehen' },
-    });
+      expect(result).toMatchObject({ userId: 'u1', dedupeKey: 'k:u1' });
+      expect(lastCreate().skipDuplicates).toBe(true);
+      expect(lastCreate().data).toEqual([
+        {
+          userId: 'u1',
+          priority: 'KRITISCH',
+          category: 'SYSTEM',
+          message: 'Keine Königin gesehen',
+          relatedType: null,
+          relatedId: null,
+          link: null,
+          requiredPermissions: [],
+          dedupeKey: 'k:u1',
+        },
+      ]);
     });
 
-  it('records through the transaction client when one is given', async () => {
-    const tx = { notification: { create: jest.fn() } };
+    it('returns null for a recipient without the permission', async () => {
+      await expect(
+        service.record({
+          userId: 'u1',
+          priority: 'INFO',
+          category: 'SYSTEM',
+          message: 'm',
+          requiredPermissions: ['colonies:read'],
+        }),
+      ).resolves.toBeNull();
+      expect(prisma.notification.createManyAndReturn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('returns null for a repeated dedupe key', async () => {
+      prisma.user.findMany.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'u1' }]);
+      prisma.notification.createManyAndReturn.mockResolvedValue([]);
+
+      await expect(
+        service.record({
+          userId: 'u1',
+          priority: 'INFO',
+          category: 'SYSTEM',
+          message: 'm',
+          dedupeKey: 'k:u1',
+        }),
+      ).resolves.toBeNull();
+    });
+
+    it('writes through the transaction client when one is given', async () => {
+      const tx = {
+        user: { findMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'u1' }]) },
+        notification: {
+          createManyAndReturn: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'n' }]),
+        },
+      };
 
       await service.record(
-      { priority: 'HINWEIS', message: 'Aufgabe fällig' },
+        { userId: 'u1', priority: 'INFO', category: 'SYSTEM', message: 'm' },
         tx as never,
       );
 
-    expect(tx.notification.create).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-    expect(prisma.notification.create).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(tx.notification.createManyAndReturn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(prisma.notification.createManyAndReturn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('rejects an unsafe link before writing', async () => {
+      prisma.user.findMany.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'u1' }]);
+      await expect(
+        service.record({
+          userId: 'u1',
+          priority: 'INFO',
+          category: 'SYSTEM',
+          message: 'm',
+          link: 'https://evil.example',
+        }),
+      ).rejects.toThrow();
+      expect(prisma.notification.createManyAndReturn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
   });
 
   describe('recordForPermission', () => {
-    it('notifies every active user whose active role holds the permission', async () => {
+    const input = {
+      priority: 'WARNUNG' as const,
+      category: 'SYSTEM' as const,
+      message: 'Job „App-Backup“ fehlgeschlagen',
+    };
+
+    it('writes one row per active user holding every permission, with a key per recipient', async () => {
       prisma.user.findMany.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'u1' }, { id: 'u2' }]);
 
-      await expect(
-        service.recordForPermission('backup:configure', {
-          priority: 'WARNUNG',
-          message: 'Job „App-Backup“ fehlgeschlagen',
-        }),
-      ).resolves.toBe(2);
-
-      const [[createArg]] = prisma.notification.createMany.mock.calls as [
-        [CreateManyArg],
-      ];
-      expect(createArg.data.map((n) => n.userId)).toEqual(['u1', 'u2']);
-      expect(createArg.data[0]).toEqual({
-        userId: 'u1',
-        priority: 'WARNUNG',
-        message: 'Job „App-Backup“ fehlgeschlagen',
-      });
+      const rows = await service.recordForPermission('backup:configure', {
+        ...input,
+        dedupeKeyPrefix: 'p',
       });
 
-    it('selects recipients like the permission guard: active user, active role, granted key', async () => {
-      await service.recordForPermission('backup:configure', {
-        priority: 'WARNUNG',
-        message: 'x',
+      expect(rows).toHaveLength(2);
+      expect(lastCreate().data.map((r) => [r.userId, r.dedupeKey])).toEqual([
+        ['u1', 'p:u1'],
+        ['u2', 'p:u2'],
+      ]);
     });
 
+    it('selects recipients like the permission guard: active user, active role, every key granted', async () => {
+      await service.recordForPermission(
+        ['backup:configure', 'colonies:read'],
+        input,
+      );
+
       expect(prisma.user.findMany).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
         where: {
           isActive: true,
           role: {
             status: 'ACTIVE',
+            AND: [
+              {
                 permissions: {
                   some: { permission: { key: 'backup:configure' } },
                 },
               },
+              {
+                permissions: { some: { permission: { key: 'colonies:read' } } },
+              },
+            ],
+          },
         },
         select: { id: true },
+        orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
       });
     });
 
-    it('writes nothing and returns 0 when nobody holds the permission', async () => {
+    it('stores the union of recipient and content permissions', async () => {
+      prisma.user.findMany.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'u1' }]);
+
+      await service.recordForPermission('colonies:read', {
+        ...input,
+        requiredPermissions: ['inspections:read', 'colonies:read'],
+      });
+
+      expect(lastCreate().data[0].requiredPermissions).toEqual([
+        'colonies:read',
+        'inspections:read',
+      ]);
+    });
+
+    it('throws for an empty permission list instead of broadcasting', async () => {
+      await expect(service.recordForPermission([], input)).rejects.toThrow();
+      expect(prisma.user.findMany).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('writes nothing when nobody holds the permission', async () => {
+      await expect(
+        service.recordForPermission('backup:configure', input),
+      ).resolves.toEqual([]);
+      expect(prisma.notification.createManyAndReturn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('a repeated dedupe key writes nothing', async () => {
+      prisma.user.findMany.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'u1' }]);
+      prisma.notification.createManyAndReturn.mockResolvedValue([]);
+
       await expect(
         service.recordForPermission('backup:configure', {
-          priority: 'WARNUNG',
-          message: 'x',
+          ...input,
+          dedupeKeyPrefix: 'p',
         }),
-      ).resolves.toBe(0);
-
-      expect(prisma.notification.createMany).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      ).resolves.toEqual([]);
     });
 
     it('reads and writes through the transaction client when one is given', async () => {
       const tx = {
         user: { findMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'u1' }]) },
         notification: {
-          createMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ count: 1 }),
+          createManyAndReturn: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'n1' }]),
         },
       };
 
       await expect(
-        service.recordForPermission(
-          'backup:configure',
-          { priority: 'WARNUNG', message: 'x' },
-          tx as never,
-        ),
-      ).resolves.toBe(1);
+        service.recordForPermission('backup:configure', input, tx as never),
+      ).resolves.toHaveLength(1);
 
-      expect(tx.notification.createMany).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
       expect(prisma.user.findMany).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
-      expect(prisma.notification.createMany).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(prisma.notification.createManyAndReturn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
   });
 
-  it('lists notifications for a user including broadcast notifications', async () => {
-    await service.findAll({ userId: 'user-1' });
+  describe('recordForUsers', () => {
+    it('skips users missing a required permission', async () => {
+      prisma.user.findMany.mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'u2' }]);
 
-    const [[queryArg]] = prisma.notification.findMany.mock.calls as [
-      [{ where: { OR?: { userId: string | null }[] } }],
+      const rows = await service.recordForUsers(['u1', 'u2'], {
+        priority: 'INFO',
+        category: 'SUGGESTION',
+        message: 'm',
+        requiredPermissions: ['colonies:read'],
+      });
+
+      expect(prisma.user.findMany).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          where: expect.objectContaining({
+            id: { in: ['u1', 'u2'] },
+          }) as unknown,
+        }),
+      );
+      expect(rows.map((r) => r.userId)).toEqual(['u2']);
+    });
+
+    it('does nothing for an empty user list', async () => {
+      await expect(
+        service.recordForUsers([], {
+          priority: 'INFO',
+          category: 'SYSTEM',
+          message: 'm',
+        }),
+      ).resolves.toEqual([]);
+      expect(prisma.user.findMany).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('reading', () => {
+    it('lists only the own notifications, newest first, at most 100', async () => {
+      await service.findOwn('user-1', { unreadOnly: true });
+
+      expect(prisma.notification.findMany).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          where: { userId: 'user-1', read: false },
+          orderBy: [{ createdAt: 'desc' }, { id: 'desc' }],
+          take: 500,
+        }),
+      );
+    });
+
+    it('hides a row whose permissions the user no longer holds (revoked after the write)', async () => {
+      const row = (id: string, requiredPermissions: string[]) => ({
+        id,
+        priority: 'INFO',
+        category: 'SYSTEM',
+        message: 'm',
+        relatedType: null,
+        relatedId: null,
+        link: null,
+        read: false,
+        createdAt: new Date(0),
+        requiredPermissions,
+      });
+      prisma.notification.findMany.mockResolvedValue([
+        row('open', []),
+        row('revoked', ['colonies:read', 'varroa:read']),
+        row('kept', ['colonies:read']),
+      ]);
+      held.add('colonies:read');
+
+      const views = await service.findOwn('user-1');
+
+      expect(views.map((view) => view.id)).toEqual(['open', 'kept']);
+      expect(views[0]).not.toHaveProperty('requiredPermissions');
+    });
+
+    it('selects the view fields plus the permission list for filtering, never the dedupe key', async () => {
+      await service.findOwn('user-1');
+
+      const [[arg]] = prisma.notification.findMany.mock.calls as [
+        [{ select: Record<string, true> }],
       ];
-    expect(queryArg.where.OR).toEqual([{ userId: 'user-1' }, { userId: null }]);
+      expect(Object.keys(arg.select).sort()).toEqual([
+        'category',
+        'createdAt',
+        'id',
+        'link',
+        'message',
+        'priority',
+        'read',
+        'relatedId',
+        'relatedType',
+        'requiredPermissions',
+      ]);
     });
 
-  it('throws NotFoundException when marking an unknown notification as read', async () => {
-    prisma.notification.findUnique.mockResolvedValueOnce(null);
-    await expect(service.markRead('missing', 'user-1')).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(
+    it('answers 404 when the notification is foreign or unknown', async () => {
+      prisma.notification.updateMany.mockResolvedValue({ count: 0 });
+      await expect(service.markRead('n1', 'user-1')).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(
         NotFoundException,
       );
+      expect(prisma.notification.updateMany).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+        where: { id: 'n1', userId: 'user-1' },
+        data: { read: true },
+      });
     });
 
-  it("throws ForbiddenException when marking another user's notification as read", async () => {
-    prisma.notification.findUnique.mockResolvedValueOnce({
+    it('marks the own notification as read', async () => {
+      prisma.notification.updateMany.mockResolvedValue({ count: 1 });
+      prisma.notification.findFirstOrThrow.mockResolvedValue({
         id: 'n1',
-      userId: 'owner',
-      read: false,
-    });
-    await expect(service.markRead('n1', 'someone-else')).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(
-      ForbiddenException,
-    );
+        read: true,
       });
 
-  it('marks a broadcast notification (no owner) as read for any user', async () => {
-    prisma.notification.findUnique.mockResolvedValueOnce({
-      id: 'n1',
-      userId: null,
-      read: false,
+      await expect(service.markRead('n1', 'user-1')).resolves.toMatchObject({
+        read: true,
       });
-    prisma.notification.update.mockResolvedValueOnce({ id: 'n1', read: true });
+    });
 
-    const result = await service.markRead('n1', 'any-user');
+    it('marks only the own unread notifications as read', async () => {
+      prisma.notification.updateMany.mockResolvedValue({ count: 3 });
 
-    expect(result.read).toBe(true);
+      await expect(service.markAllRead('user-1')).resolves.toEqual({
+        updated: 3,
+      });
+      expect(prisma.notification.updateMany).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+        where: { userId: 'user-1', read: false },
+        data: { read: true },
+      });
+    });
+  });
 });
 
-  it("marks the owner's own notification as read", async () => {
-    prisma.notification.findUnique.mockResolvedValueOnce({
-      id: 'n1',
-      userId: 'user-1',
-      read: false,
+describe('assertAppLink', () => {
+  it('accepts a relative app path', () => {
+    expect(() => assertAppLink('/tasks?status=OPEN&x=1')).not.toThrow();
   });
-    prisma.notification.update.mockResolvedValueOnce({ id: 'n1', read: true });
 
-    const result = await service.markRead('n1', 'user-1');
+  it.each([
+    '//evil.example',
+    'https://evil.example',
+    '/\\evil',
+    'tasks',
+    '/a b',
+  ])('rejects %s', (link) => expect(() => assertAppLink(link)).toThrow());
 
-    expect(result.read).toBe(true);
+  it('rejects a link over 300 characters', () => {
+    expect(() => assertAppLink(`/${'a'.repeat(300)}`)).toThrow();
   });
 });

ApiCore-Backend/src/notifications/notifications.service.ts

@@ -1,98 +1,269 @@
-import {
-  ForbiddenException,
-  Injectable,
-  NotFoundException,
-} from '@nestjs/common';
+import { Injectable, NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
 import { DbClient } from '../prisma/db-client';
 import { PermissionKey } from '../auth/permissions/permission-catalog';
 import {
   Notification,
+  NotificationCategory,
   NotificationPriority,
   Prisma,
 } from '../../generated/prisma';
+import { PermissionResolverService } from '../auth/permissions/permission-resolver.service';
+import { assertAppLink, notificationDedupeKey } from './notification-link';
 
 export interface CreateNotificationInput {
-  userId?: string;
+  userId: string;
   priority: NotificationPriority;
+  category: NotificationCategory;
   message: string;
-  relatedType?: string;
-  relatedId?: string;
+  relatedType?: string | null;
+  relatedId?: string | null;
+  link?: string | null;
+  requiredPermissions?: readonly PermissionKey[];
+  dedupeKey?: string | null;
 }
 
-export interface NotificationFilter {
-  userId?: string;
-  unreadOnly?: boolean;
+export type FanOutNotificationInput = Omit<
+  CreateNotificationInput,
+  'userId' | 'dedupeKey'
+> & { dedupeKeyPrefix?: string };
+
+export interface NotificationView {
+  id: string;
+  priority: NotificationPriority;
+  category: NotificationCategory;
+  message: string;
+  relatedType: string | null;
+  relatedId: string | null;
+  link: string | null;
+  read: boolean;
+  createdAt: Date;
 }
 
-@Injectable()
-export class NotificationsService {
-  constructor(private readonly prisma: PrismaService) {}
+type NotificationContent = Omit<FanOutNotificationInput, 'dedupeKeyPrefix'>;
 
-  async record(
-    input: CreateNotificationInput,
-    tx?: Prisma.TransactionClient,
-  ): Promise<Notification> {
-    const db: DbClient = tx ?? this.prisma;
-    return db.notification.create({ data: { ...input } });
+interface Target {
+  userId: string;
+  dedupeKey: string | null;
+}
+
+const VIEW_SELECT = {
+  id: true,
+  priority: true,
+  category: true,
+  message: true,
+  relatedType: true,
+  relatedId: true,
+  link: true,
+  read: true,
+  createdAt: true,
+} satisfies Prisma.NotificationSelect;
+
+function toView(row: NotificationView): NotificationView {
+  return {
+    id: row.id,
+    priority: row.priority,
+    category: row.category,
+    message: row.message,
+    relatedType: row.relatedType,
+    relatedId: row.relatedId,
+    link: row.link,
+    read: row.read,
+    createdAt: row.createdAt,
+  };
+}
+
+const MAX_LISTED = 100;
+/** Rows read before the permission filter, so hidden rows do not empty the list. */
+const MAX_SCANNED = 500;
+
+function uniqueSorted(keys: readonly PermissionKey[]): PermissionKey[] {
+  return [...new Set(keys)].sort();
 }
 
 /**
-   * One notification per user who may act on it: active account, active
-   * role, permission granted - the same rule the PermissionsGuard applies.
-   * Returns how many were written.
+ * Every notification belongs to exactly one user. Rows are written only to
+ * active users with an active role who hold every permission the content
+ * needs (the rule the PermissionsGuard applies). The stored
+ * requiredPermissions are the recipient's and the content's permissions
+ * together, so a later consumer (e.g. the Telegram sender) can check them
+ * again.
  */
-  async recordForPermission(
-    permission: PermissionKey,
-    input: Omit<CreateNotificationInput, 'userId'>,
+@Injectable()
+export class NotificationsService {
+  constructor(
+    private readonly prisma: PrismaService,
+    private readonly permissionResolver: PermissionResolverService,
+  ) {}
+
+  /** One recipient. null: repeated dedupe key, or the recipient lacks a right. */
+  async record(
+    input: CreateNotificationInput,
     tx?: Prisma.TransactionClient,
-  ): Promise<number> {
+  ): Promise<Notification | null> {
     const db: DbClient = tx ?? this.prisma;
-    const recipients = await db.user.findMany({
+    const { userId, dedupeKey, ...content } = input;
+    const keys = uniqueSorted(content.requiredPermissions ?? []);
+    const recipients = await this.recipients(db, keys, [userId]);
+    const [row] = await this.write(
+      db,
+      recipients.map((id) => ({ userId: id, dedupeKey: dedupeKey ?? null })),
+      content,
+      keys,
+    );
+    return row ?? null;
+  }
+
+  /** The given users, minus those missing a permission the content needs. */
+  async recordForUsers(
+    userIds: readonly string[],
+    input: FanOutNotificationInput,
+    tx?: Prisma.TransactionClient,
+  ): Promise<Notification[]> {
+    if (userIds.length === 0) {
+      return [];
+    }
+    const keys = uniqueSorted(input.requiredPermissions ?? []);
+    return this.fanOut(tx ?? this.prisma, keys, input, userIds);
+  }
+
+  /** Every user holding all of `permission` (and the content's permissions). */
+  async recordForPermission(
+    permission: PermissionKey | readonly PermissionKey[],
+    input: FanOutNotificationInput,
+    tx?: Prisma.TransactionClient,
+  ): Promise<Notification[]> {
+    const recipientKeys =
+      typeof permission === 'string' ? [permission] : permission;
+    if (recipientKeys.length === 0) {
+      // An empty list would match every user: a silent broadcast.
+      throw new Error('recordForPermission needs at least one permission');
+    }
+    const keys = uniqueSorted([
+      ...recipientKeys,
+      ...(input.requiredPermissions ?? []),
+    ]);
+    return this.fanOut(tx ?? this.prisma, keys, input, undefined);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The own notifications, newest first, at most 100. A row whose
+   * requiredPermissions the user no longer holds (role changed after the
+   * write) stays hidden.
+   */
+  async findOwn(
+    userId: string,
+    options: { unreadOnly?: boolean } = {},
+  ): Promise<NotificationView[]> {
+    const rows = await this.prisma.notification.findMany({
+      where: { userId, ...(options.unreadOnly ? { read: false } : {}) },
+      orderBy: [{ createdAt: 'desc' }, { id: 'desc' }],
+      take: MAX_SCANNED,
+      select: { ...VIEW_SELECT, requiredPermissions: true },
+    });
+    const held = await this.permissionResolver.getPermissions(userId);
+    return rows
+      .filter((row) => row.requiredPermissions.every((key) => held.has(key)))
+      .slice(0, MAX_LISTED)
+      .map(toView);
+  }
+
+  /** One statement; a foreign or unknown id matches nothing and answers 404. */
+  async markRead(id: string, userId: string): Promise<NotificationView> {
+    const { count } = await this.prisma.notification.updateMany({
+      where: { id, userId },
+      data: { read: true },
+    });
+    if (count === 0) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Notification not found');
+    }
+    return this.prisma.notification.findFirstOrThrow({
+      where: { id, userId },
+      select: VIEW_SELECT,
+    });
+  }
+
+  async markAllRead(userId: string): Promise<{ updated: number }> {
+    const { count } = await this.prisma.notification.updateMany({
+      where: { userId, read: false },
+      data: { read: true },
+    });
+    return { updated: count };
+  }
+
+  private async fanOut(
+    db: DbClient,
+    keys: readonly PermissionKey[],
+    input: FanOutNotificationInput,
+    userIds: readonly string[] | undefined,
+  ): Promise<Notification[]> {
+    const { dedupeKeyPrefix, ...content } = input;
+    const recipients = await this.recipients(db, keys, userIds);
+    return this.write(
+      db,
+      recipients.map((userId) => ({
+        userId,
+        dedupeKey: dedupeKeyPrefix
+          ? notificationDedupeKey(dedupeKeyPrefix, userId)
+          : null,
+      })),
+      content,
+      keys,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /** Active user, active role, every key granted - in one query. */
+  private async recipients(
+    db: DbClient,
+    keys: readonly PermissionKey[],
+    userIds: readonly string[] | undefined,
+  ): Promise<string[]> {
+    const users = await db.user.findMany({
       where: {
+        ...(userIds ? { id: { in: [...userIds] } } : {}),
         isActive: true,
         role: {
           status: 'ACTIVE',
-          permissions: { some: { permission: { key: permission } } },
+          AND: keys.map((key) => ({
+            permissions: { some: { permission: { key } } },
+          })),
         },
       },
       select: { id: true },
+      orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
     });
-    if (recipients.length === 0) {
-      return 0;
-    }
-    const { count } = await db.notification.createMany({
-      data: recipients.map((recipient) => ({ ...input, userId: recipient.id })),
-    });
-    return count;
+    return users.map((user) => user.id);
   }
 
-  async findAll(filter: NotificationFilter = {}): Promise<Notification[]> {
-    return this.prisma.notification.findMany({
-      where: {
-        OR: filter.userId
-          ? [{ userId: filter.userId }, { userId: null }]
-          : undefined,
-        read: filter.unreadOnly ? false : undefined,
-      },
-      orderBy: { createdAt: 'desc' },
-      take: 100,
-    });
+  private async write(
+    db: DbClient,
+    targets: readonly Target[],
+    content: NotificationContent,
+    recipientKeys: readonly PermissionKey[],
+  ): Promise<Notification[]> {
+    if (content.link) {
+      assertAppLink(content.link);
     }
-
-  async markRead(id: string, actingUserId: string): Promise<Notification> {
-    const notification = await this.prisma.notification.findUnique({
-      where: { id },
-    });
-    if (!notification) {
-      throw new NotFoundException('Notification not found');
+    if (targets.length === 0) {
+      return [];
     }
-    if (notification.userId !== null && notification.userId !== actingUserId) {
-      throw new ForbiddenException("Cannot modify another user's notification");
-    }
-    return this.prisma.notification.update({
-      where: { id },
-      data: { read: true },
+    const requiredPermissions = uniqueSorted([
+      ...recipientKeys,
+      ...(content.requiredPermissions ?? []),
+    ]);
+    return db.notification.createManyAndReturn({
+      data: targets.map(({ userId, dedupeKey }) => ({
+        userId,
+        priority: content.priority,
+        category: content.category,
+        message: content.message,
+        relatedType: content.relatedType ?? null,
+        relatedId: content.relatedId ?? null,
+        link: content.link ?? null,
+        requiredPermissions,
+        dedupeKey,
+      })),
+      skipDuplicates: true,
     });
   }
 }

ApiCore-Backend/src/queens/queens.service.spec.ts

@@ -7,12 +7,17 @@ import { QueensService } from './queens.service';
 import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
 import { AuditLogService } from '../audit/audit-log.service';
 import { WebhooksService } from '../webhooks/webhooks.service';
-import { CalendarSyncService } from '../calendar-sync/calendar-sync.service';
+import { DomainEventsService } from '../domain-events/domain-events.service';
 
 describe('QueensService', () => {
   let service: QueensService;
   let tx: {
-    queen: { update: jest.Mock };
+    $queryRaw: jest.Mock;
+    queen: {
+      update: jest.Mock;
+      findUnique: jest.Mock;
+      findUniqueOrThrow: jest.Mock;
+    };
     queenColonyHistory: { updateMany: jest.Mock; create: jest.Mock };
     colony: { findUnique: jest.Mock; update: jest.Mock };
   };
@@ -29,13 +34,20 @@ describe('QueensService', () => {
     $transaction: jest.Mock;
   };
   let auditLog: { record: jest.Mock };
+  let webhooks: { dispatch: jest.Mock };
+  let events: { record: jest.Mock };
 
   const queen = { id: 'queen-1', code: 'Q-001', status: 'ACTIVE' };
   const colony = { id: 'colony-1', currentQueenId: null };
 
   beforeEach(() => {
     tx = {
-      queen: { update: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(queen) },
+      $queryRaw: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
+      queen: {
+        update: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(queen),
+        findUnique: jest.fn(),
+        findUniqueOrThrow: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(queen),
+      },
       queenColonyHistory: { updateMany: jest.fn(), create: jest.fn() },
       colony: {
         findUnique: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(null),
@@ -57,13 +69,17 @@ describe('QueensService', () => {
       ),
     };
     auditLog = { record: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined) };
-    const webhooks = { dispatch: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined) };
-    const calendarSync = { enqueue: jest.fn(), cancel: jest.fn() };
+    webhooks = { dispatch: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined) };
+    events = { record: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined) };
+    // The locked re-read sees what the pre-read saw unless a test says otherwise.
+    tx.queen.findUnique.mockImplementation(
+      (args: unknown) => prisma.queen.findUnique(args) as Promise<unknown>,
+    );
     service = new QueensService(
       prisma as unknown as PrismaService,
       auditLog as unknown as AuditLogService,
       webhooks as unknown as WebhooksService,
-      calendarSync as unknown as CalendarSyncService,
+      events as unknown as DomainEventsService,
     );
   });
 
@@ -74,9 +90,18 @@ describe('QueensService', () => {
     );
   });
 
+  // Inside the transaction: lookup by id is the target colony, by
+  // currentQueenId the colony the queen leaves.
+  function mockColonies(target: unknown, previous: unknown = null): void {
+    const lookup = (args: { where: { id?: string } }) =>
+      Promise.resolve(args.where.id === undefined ? previous : target);
+    prisma.colony.findUnique.mockImplementation(lookup);
+    tx.colony.findUnique.mockImplementation(lookup);
+  }
+
   it('assignColony throws NotFoundException when the colony is missing', async () => {
     prisma.queen.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(queen);
-    prisma.colony.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(null);
+    mockColonies(null);
     await expect(
       service.assignColony('queen-1', { colonyId: 'missing' }, 'user-1'),
     ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(NotFoundException);
@@ -90,15 +115,13 @@ describe('QueensService', () => {
     await expect(
       service.assignColony('queen-1', { colonyId: 'colony-1' }, 'user-1'),
     ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ConflictException);
-    expect(prisma.colony.findUnique).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(tx.colony.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(events.record).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
   it('assignColony closes the previous queen history, sets currentQueenId, and opens a new history row', async () => {
     prisma.queen.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(queen);
-    prisma.colony.findUnique.mockResolvedValue({
-      ...colony,
-      currentQueenId: 'queen-old',
-    });
+    mockColonies({ ...colony, status: 'ACTIVE', currentQueenId: 'queen-old' });
     tx.colony.update.mockResolvedValue({});
     tx.queenColonyHistory.create.mockResolvedValue({ id: 'history-1' });
 
@@ -122,6 +145,57 @@ describe('QueensService', () => {
     expect(historyArg.data.colonyId).toBe('colony-1');
   });
 
+  it('assignColony records QueenAssigned with previousColonyId and calls neither webhooks.dispatch nor calendarSync', async () => {
+    prisma.queen.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(queen);
+    mockColonies(
+      { ...colony, status: 'ACTIVE' },
+      { id: 'colony-prev', status: 'ACTIVE' },
+    );
+    tx.colony.update.mockResolvedValue({});
+    tx.queenColonyHistory.create.mockResolvedValue({ id: 'history-1' });
+
+    await service.assignColony('queen-1', { colonyId: 'colony-1' }, 'user-1');
+
+    // Target and previous colony in one statement, then the queen.
+    expect(tx.$queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+    expect(events.record).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(events.record).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      tx,
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        type: 'QueenAssigned',
+        aggregateType: 'Queen',
+        aggregateId: 'queen-1',
+        actorUserId: 'user-1',
+        payload: {
+          colonyId: 'colony-1',
+          historyId: 'history-1',
+          assignedOn: expect.stringMatching(/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/) as string,
+          previousColonyId: 'colony-prev',
+        },
+      }),
+    );
+    expect(auditLog.record).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.anything(), tx);
+    expect(webhooks.dispatch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('assignColony answers 409 when the queen was moved by someone else after the pre-read', async () => {
+    prisma.queen.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(queen);
+    prisma.colony.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(null);
+    tx.colony.findUnique.mockImplementation(
+      (args: { where: { id?: string } }) =>
+        Promise.resolve(
+          args.where.id === undefined
+            ? { id: 'colony-other', status: 'ACTIVE' }
+            : { ...colony, status: 'ACTIVE' },
+        ),
+    );
+
+    await expect(
+      service.assignColony('queen-1', { colonyId: 'colony-1' }, 'user-1'),
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ConflictException);
+    expect(events.record).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
   it('addEvaluation creates a queen evaluation and records an audit log entry', async () => {
     prisma.queen.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(queen);
     const created = { id: 'eval-1', queenId: 'queen-1', colonyStrength: 4 };

ApiCore-Backend/src/queens/queens.service.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ import {
 import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
 import { AuditLogService } from '../audit/audit-log.service';
 import { WebhooksService } from '../webhooks/webhooks.service';
-import { CalendarSyncService } from '../calendar-sync/calendar-sync.service';
+import { DomainEventsService } from '../domain-events/domain-events.service';
+import { utcDay } from '../domain-events/domain-event-types';
+import { lockRowForUpdate, lockRowsForUpdate } from '../prisma/row-lock';
 import { Queen, QueenStatus } from '../../generated/prisma';
 import { CreateQueenDto } from './dto/create-queen.dto';
 import { UpdateQueenDto } from './dto/update-queen.dto';
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ export class QueensService {
     private readonly prisma: PrismaService,
     private readonly auditLog: AuditLogService,
     private readonly webhooks: WebhooksService,
-    private readonly calendarSync: CalendarSyncService,
+    private readonly events: DomainEventsService,
   ) {}
 
   async findAll(filter: QueenFilter = {}): Promise<Queen[]> {
@@ -158,13 +160,30 @@ export class QueensService {
     dto: AssignColonyDto,
     actingUserId: string,
   ): Promise<Queen> {
-    const queen = await this.findById(id);
+    await this.findById(id);
+    // Only to know which colony to lock; the transaction re-reads it.
+    const preRead = await this.prisma.colony.findUnique({
+      where: { currentQueenId: id },
+      select: { id: true },
+    });
+    return this.prisma.$transaction(async (tx) => {
+      // Colonies first (one statement, ascending ids), then the queen: the
+      // order every writer of both uses.
+      await lockRowsForUpdate(tx, 'Colony', [
+        dto.colonyId,
+        ...(preRead ? [preRead.id] : []),
+      ]);
+      await lockRowForUpdate(tx, 'Queen', id);
+      const queen = await tx.queen.findUnique({ where: { id } });
+      if (!queen) {
+        throw new NotFoundException('Queen not found');
+      }
       if (QUEEN_NO_LONGER_AVAILABLE_STATUSES.includes(queen.status)) {
         throw new ConflictException(
           'Die Königin ist nicht mehr verfügbar für eine Zuweisung - korrigiere zuerst ihren Status, falls dies ein Versehen war',
         );
       }
-    const colony = await this.prisma.colony.findUnique({
+      const colony = await tx.colony.findUnique({
         where: { id: dto.colonyId },
       });
       if (!colony) {
@@ -178,8 +197,18 @@ export class QueensService {
       if (colony.currentQueenId === queen.id) {
         throw new ConflictException('Die Königin sitzt bereits in diesem Volk');
       }
+      // The colony the queen leaves must let go of her - currentQueenId is
+      // unique, and a stale pointer would both block this assignment and
+      // keep showing her in a colony she is no longer in.
+      const previousColony = await tx.colony.findUnique({
+        where: { currentQueenId: queen.id },
+      });
+      if ((previousColony?.id ?? null) !== (preRead?.id ?? null)) {
+        throw new ConflictException(
+          'Die Königin wurde gerade umgesetzt - bitte erneut versuchen',
+        );
+      }
 
-    const history = await this.prisma.$transaction(async (tx) => {
       const now = new Date();
       if (colony.currentQueenId) {
         await tx.queenColonyHistory.updateMany({
@@ -191,12 +220,6 @@ export class QueensService {
           data: { endDate: now },
         });
       }
-      // The colony the queen leaves must let go of her - currentQueenId is
-      // unique, and a stale pointer would both block this assignment and
-      // keep showing her in a colony she is no longer in.
-      const previousColony = await tx.colony.findUnique({
-        where: { currentQueenId: queen.id },
-      });
       if (previousColony) {
         await tx.colony.update({
           where: { id: previousColony.id },
@@ -221,29 +244,39 @@ export class QueensService {
           status: colony.status === 'QUEENLESS' ? 'ACTIVE' : undefined,
         },
       });
-      return tx.queenColonyHistory.create({
+      const history = await tx.queenColonyHistory.create({
         data: {
           queenId: queen.id,
           colonyId: colony.id,
-          startDate: new Date(),
+          startDate: now,
           notes: dto.notes,
         },
       });
-    });
-
-    await this.auditLog.record({
+      await this.auditLog.record(
+        {
           entityType: 'Queen',
           entityId: queen.id,
           action: 'UPDATE',
           userId: actingUserId,
           beforeData: queen,
           afterData: { ...queen, assignedColonyId: colony.id },
+        },
+        tx,
+      );
+      await this.events.record(tx, {
+        type: 'QueenAssigned',
+        aggregateType: 'Queen',
+        aggregateId: queen.id,
+        actorUserId: actingUserId,
+        payload: {
+          colonyId: colony.id,
+          historyId: history.id,
+          assignedOn: utcDay(now),
+          previousColonyId: previousColony?.id ?? null,
+        },
+      });
+      return tx.queen.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id } });
     });
-
-    const updated = await this.findById(id);
-    await this.webhooks.dispatch('queen.replaced', updated);
-    await this.calendarSync.enqueue('QUEEN_ASSIGNMENT', history.id);
-    return updated;
   }
 
   async getHistory(id: string) {

ApiCore-Backend/src/suggestions/dto/accept-suggestion.dto.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import { ApiPropertyOptional } from '@nestjs/swagger';
+import {
+  IsOptional,
+  IsString,
+  Matches,
+  MaxLength,
+  MinLength,
+} from 'class-validator';
+
+export class AcceptSuggestionDto {
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({
+    nullable: true,
+    description: 'JJJJ-MM-TT; bei einem Plan der Tag des ersten Schritts.',
+    example: '2026-05-12',
+  })
+  @IsOptional()
+  @Matches(/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/, {
+    message: 'Bitte ein Datum im Format JJJJ-MM-TT angeben.',
+  })
+  dueDate?: string | null;
+
+  // User ids are cuids, but no other DTO in the codebase checks their format
+  // (the existence and activity check in the service is the real validation),
+  // so only the length is bounded here.
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({ nullable: true })
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  @MinLength(1)
+  @MaxLength(64)
+  assignedUserId?: string | null;
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/suggestions/dto/dismiss-suggestion.dto.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import { ApiPropertyOptional } from '@nestjs/swagger';
+import { IsOptional, IsString, MaxLength } from 'class-validator';
+
+export class DismissSuggestionDto {
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({ maxLength: 500 })
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  @MaxLength(500, { message: 'Die Notiz darf höchstens 500 Zeichen haben.' })
+  note?: string;
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/suggestions/dto/list-suggestions.query.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { ApiPropertyOptional } from '@nestjs/swagger';
+import { Type } from 'class-transformer';
+import {
+  IsEnum,
+  IsInt,
+  IsOptional,
+  IsString,
+  Max,
+  MaxLength,
+  Min,
+} from 'class-validator';
+import { SuggestionStatus } from '../../../generated/prisma';
+
+export const DEFAULT_LIST_LIMIT = 200;
+export const MAX_LIST_LIMIT = 500;
+
+export class ListSuggestionsQuery {
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({ enum: SuggestionStatus, default: 'OPEN' })
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsEnum(SuggestionStatus, { message: 'Bitte einen gültigen Status wählen.' })
+  status?: SuggestionStatus;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional()
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  @MaxLength(64)
+  colonyId?: string;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional()
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  @MaxLength(64)
+  apiaryId?: string;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({
+    description: `Einträge je Abruf, 1 bis ${MAX_LIST_LIMIT}`,
+    default: DEFAULT_LIST_LIMIT,
+    minimum: 1,
+    maximum: MAX_LIST_LIMIT,
+  })
+  @IsOptional()
+  @Type(() => Number)
+  @IsInt({ message: 'Das Limit muss eine ganze Zahl sein.' })
+  @Min(1, { message: 'Das Limit muss mindestens 1 sein.' })
+  @Max(MAX_LIST_LIMIT, {
+    message: `Das Limit darf höchstens ${MAX_LIST_LIMIT} sein.`,
+  })
+  limit?: number;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({
+    description: 'So viele Einträge der sortierten Liste überspringen',
+    default: 0,
+    minimum: 0,
+  })
+  @IsOptional()
+  @Type(() => Number)
+  @IsInt({ message: 'Der Versatz muss eine ganze Zahl sein.' })
+  @Min(0, { message: 'Der Versatz darf nicht negativ sein.' })
+  offset?: number;
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/suggestions/dto/suggestion-ids.dto.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import { ApiProperty } from '@nestjs/swagger';
+import {
+  ArrayMaxSize,
+  ArrayMinSize,
+  ArrayUnique,
+  IsArray,
+  IsString,
+  MaxLength,
+} from 'class-validator';
+
+export class SuggestionIdsDto {
+  @ApiProperty({ type: [String], minItems: 1, maxItems: 50 })
+  @IsArray({ message: 'Bitte eine Liste von Vorschlägen angeben.' })
+  @ArrayMinSize(1, { message: 'Bitte mindestens einen Vorschlag wählen.' })
+  @ArrayMaxSize(50, { message: 'Bitte höchstens 50 Vorschläge wählen.' })
+  @ArrayUnique({ message: 'Jeder Vorschlag darf nur einmal vorkommen.' })
+  @IsString({ each: true })
+  @MaxLength(64, { each: true })
+  ids!: string[];
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/suggestions/dto/suggestion-response.dto.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import { ApiProperty } from '@nestjs/swagger';
+import {
+  AutomationTriggerType,
+  SuggestionIntent,
+  SuggestionMode,
+  SuggestionSource,
+  SuggestionStatus,
+  TaskPriority,
+  TaskRelatedType,
+} from '../../../generated/prisma';
+import type {
+  SuggestionSummary,
+  SuggestionView,
+} from '../suggestion-views.service';
+
+class PlanStepDto {
+  @ApiProperty() step!: string;
+  @ApiProperty() offsetDays!: number;
+  @ApiProperty({ required: false }) windowDays?: number;
+}
+
+class CleanupDto {
+  @ApiProperty({ type: [String] }) taskIds!: string[];
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: String }) queenId!: string | null;
+}
+
+/** A suggestion as the app reads it; no evidence, keys or permissions. */
+export class SuggestionViewDto implements SuggestionView {
+  @ApiProperty() id!: string;
+  @ApiProperty({ enum: AutomationTriggerType }) ruleKey!: AutomationTriggerType;
+  @ApiProperty({ enum: SuggestionSource }) source!: SuggestionSource;
+  @ApiProperty({ enum: SuggestionMode }) mode!: SuggestionMode;
+  @ApiProperty({ enum: SuggestionIntent }) intent!: SuggestionIntent;
+  @ApiProperty({ enum: SuggestionStatus }) status!: SuggestionStatus;
+  @ApiProperty({ enum: TaskPriority }) priority!: TaskPriority;
+  @ApiProperty({ enum: TaskRelatedType }) relatedType!: TaskRelatedType;
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: String }) relatedId!: string | null;
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: String }) colonyId!: string | null;
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: String }) colonyCode!: string | null;
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: String }) apiaryId!: string | null;
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: String }) apiaryName!: string | null;
+  @ApiProperty() title!: string;
+  @ApiProperty({ type: [String] }) reasons!: string[];
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: String, description: 'JJJJ-MM-TT' })
+  dueDate!: string | null;
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: String, description: 'JJJJ-MM-TT' })
+  expiresAt!: string | null;
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: [PlanStepDto] })
+  plan!: PlanStepDto[] | null;
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: String }) decidedAt!: string | null;
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: String }) decisionNote!: string | null;
+  @ApiProperty() createdAt!: string;
+  @ApiProperty({ nullable: true, type: CleanupDto, description: 'Nur CLEANUP' })
+  cleanup!: CleanupDto | null;
+}
+
+export class SuggestionSummaryDto implements SuggestionSummary {
+  @ApiProperty() open!: number;
+  @ApiProperty({
+    type: 'object',
+    additionalProperties: { type: 'number' },
+    example: { LOW: 0, NORMAL: 2, HIGH: 1, URGENT: 0 },
+  })
+  byPriority!: Record<TaskPriority, number>;
+}
+
+export class AcceptSuggestionResponseDto {
+  @ApiProperty({ type: SuggestionViewDto }) suggestion!: SuggestionViewDto;
+  @ApiProperty({
+    type: 'array',
+    items: { type: 'object' },
+    description: 'Die neuen Aufgaben, in der Form von GET /tasks.',
+  })
+  tasks!: unknown[];
+}
+
+export class BulkDismissResponseDto {
+  @ApiProperty() dismissed!: number;
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/suggestions/suggestion-views.service.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+import type { PermissionResolverService } from '../auth/permissions/permission-resolver.service';
+import type { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
+import { SuggestionViewsService } from './suggestion-views.service';
+
+const NOW = new Date('2026-05-05T08:00:00.000Z');
+
+function row(id: string, colonyId: string) {
+  return {
+    id,
+    ruleKey: 'INSPECTION_INTERVAL',
+    source: 'RULE',
+    mode: 'DO',
+    intent: 'INSPECT',
+    status: 'OPEN',
+    priority: 'NORMAL',
+    relatedType: 'COLONY',
+    relatedId: colonyId,
+    colonyId,
+    colony: { code: 'B3', apiaryId: 'api_1', apiary: { name: 'Hang' } },
+    reasonCode: 'UNKNOWN_CODE',
+    evidence: { colonyId },
+    requiredPermission: 'inspections:read',
+    dueDate: new Date('2026-05-07T00:00:00.000Z'),
+    expiresAt: null,
+    plan: null,
+    decidedAt: null,
+    decisionNote: null,
+    createdAt: NOW,
+  };
+}
+
+function build(rows: ReturnType<typeof row>[]) {
+  const suggestionFindMany = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(rows);
+  const colonyFindMany = jest
+    .fn()
+    .mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'col_1', code: 'B3' }]);
+  const prisma = {
+    suggestion: { findMany: suggestionFindMany, groupBy: jest.fn() },
+    colony: { findMany: colonyFindMany },
+    queen: { findMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]) },
+    treatment: { findMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]) },
+    apiary: { findMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]) },
+    stockItem: { findMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]) },
+    automationRule: { findMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]) },
+    $queryRaw: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([{ cutoff: NOW }]),
+  };
+  const resolver = {
+    getPermissions: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(new Set(['inspections:read'])),
+  };
+  const service = new SuggestionViewsService(
+    prisma as unknown as PrismaService,
+    resolver as unknown as PermissionResolverService,
+  );
+  return { service, prisma, suggestionFindMany, colonyFindMany };
+}
+
+describe('SuggestionViewsService', () => {
+  it('filters by requiredPermission in the query, not after loading', async () => {
+    const { service, suggestionFindMany } = build([]);
+
+    await service.list('user_1', {});
+
+    const [args] = suggestionFindMany.mock.calls[0] as [
+      { where: { AND: unknown[] } },
+    ];
+    expect(args.where.AND).toContainEqual({
+      OR: [
+        { requiredPermission: null },
+        { requiredPermission: { in: ['inspections:read'] } },
+      ],
+    });
+    expect(service.visibleWhere(new Set(['a:read']))).toEqual({
+      OR: [
+        { requiredPermission: null },
+        { requiredPermission: { in: ['a:read'] } },
+      ],
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('renders title and reasons with one lookup for all rows', async () => {
+    const { service, colonyFindMany } = build([
+      row('s1', 'col_1'),
+      row('s2', 'col_1'),
+      row('s3', 'col_1'),
+    ]);
+
+    const views = await service.list('user_1', {});
+
+    expect(views.map((view) => view.id)).toEqual(['s1', 's2', 's3']);
+    expect(views[0]).toMatchObject({
+      title: 'Durchsicht fällig',
+      colonyCode: 'B3',
+      apiaryId: 'api_1',
+      apiaryName: 'Hang',
+      dueDate: '2026-05-07',
+      cleanup: null,
+    });
+    expect(colonyFindMany).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  });
+
+  it('lists a dismissed suggestion only within 30 days of its decision', async () => {
+    const { service, suggestionFindMany, prisma } = build([]);
+
+    await service.list('user_1', { status: 'DISMISSED' });
+
+    expect(prisma.$queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    const [dismissedArgs] = suggestionFindMany.mock.calls[0] as [
+      { where: unknown },
+    ];
+    expect(JSON.stringify(dismissedArgs.where)).toContain(
+      '"decidedAt":{"gte":"2026-05-05T08:00:00.000Z"}',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('reads the cleanup tasks from evidence.openTaskIds', async () => {
+    const cleanup = {
+      ...row('s9', 'col_1'),
+      intent: 'CLEANUP',
+      evidence: { colonyId: 'col_1', openTaskIds: ['t1', 't2'], queenId: 'q1' },
+    };
+    const { service } = build([cleanup]);
+
+    const [view] = await service.list('user_1', {});
+
+    expect(view.cleanup).toEqual({ taskIds: ['t1', 't2'], queenId: 'q1' });
+  });
+
+  it('passes limit (default 200) and offset to the query', async () => {
+    const { service, suggestionFindMany } = build([]);
+
+    await service.list('user_1', {});
+    await service.list('user_1', { limit: 5, offset: 10 });
+
+    expect((suggestionFindMany.mock.calls[0] as unknown[])[0]).toMatchObject({
+      take: 200,
+      skip: 0,
+    });
+    expect((suggestionFindMany.mock.calls[1] as unknown[])[0]).toMatchObject({
+      take: 5,
+      skip: 10,
+    });
+  });
+});

ApiCore-Backend/src/suggestions/suggestion-views.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+import { Injectable, NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import {
+  Prisma,
+  type AutomationTriggerType,
+  type Suggestion,
+  type SuggestionIntent,
+  type SuggestionMode,
+  type SuggestionSource,
+  type SuggestionStatus,
+  type TaskPriority,
+  type TaskRelatedType,
+} from '../../generated/prisma';
+import { PermissionResolverService } from '../auth/permissions/permission-resolver.service';
+import type { PlanStepConfig } from '../automation/rule-config';
+import { berlinToday } from '../common/dates';
+import { utcDay } from '../domain-events/domain-event-types';
+import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
+import {
+  DEFAULT_LIST_LIMIT,
+  type ListSuggestionsQuery,
+} from './dto/list-suggestions.query';
+import { buildEvidenceLookup } from './evidence-lookup';
+import { planOf } from './suggestion-plan';
+import { renderSuggestion } from './suggestion-texts';
+import type { SuggestionEvidence } from './suggestion.types';
+
+export interface SuggestionView {
+  id: string;
+  ruleKey: AutomationTriggerType;
+  source: SuggestionSource;
+  mode: SuggestionMode;
+  intent: SuggestionIntent;
+  status: SuggestionStatus;
+  priority: TaskPriority;
+  relatedType: TaskRelatedType;
+  relatedId: string | null;
+  colonyId: string | null;
+  colonyCode: string | null;
+  apiaryId: string | null;
+  apiaryName: string | null;
+  title: string;
+  reasons: string[];
+  dueDate: string | null;
+  expiresAt: string | null;
+  plan: PlanStepConfig[] | null;
+  decidedAt: string | null;
+  decisionNote: string | null;
+  createdAt: string;
+  /** Only for CLEANUP suggestions. */
+  cleanup: { taskIds: string[]; queenId: string | null } | null;
+}
+
+export interface SuggestionSummary {
+  open: number;
+  byPriority: Record<TaskPriority, number>;
+}
+
+const NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE = 'Der Vorschlag wurde nicht gefunden.';
+/** A dismissed suggestion stays listed (and can be reopened) this long. */
+const DISMISSED_LISTED_DAYS = 30;
+const PRIORITIES: readonly TaskPriority[] = ['LOW', 'NORMAL', 'HIGH', 'URGENT'];
+
+const LIST_INCLUDE = {
+  colony: {
+    select: {
+      code: true,
+      apiaryId: true,
+      apiary: { select: { name: true } },
+    },
+  },
+} satisfies Prisma.SuggestionInclude;
+
+type SuggestionRow = Prisma.SuggestionGetPayload<{
+  include: typeof LIST_INCLUDE;
+}>;
+
+function cleanupOf(
+  row: Pick<Suggestion, 'intent' | 'evidence'>,
+): SuggestionView['cleanup'] {
+  if (row.intent !== 'CLEANUP') {
+    return null;
+  }
+  const { openTaskIds, queenId } = row.evidence as SuggestionEvidence;
+  return {
+    taskIds: Array.isArray(openTaskIds)
+      ? openTaskIds.filter((id): id is string => typeof id === 'string')
+      : [],
+    queenId: typeof queenId === 'string' ? queenId : null,
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * The read side of the suggestions: lists and counts only what the user may
+ * see (the filter by `requiredPermission` is part of the query), with title
+ * and reasons rendered from the stored code and evidence.
+ */
+@Injectable()
+export class SuggestionViewsService {
+  constructor(
+    private readonly prisma: PrismaService,
+    private readonly permissions: PermissionResolverService,
+  ) {}
+
+  /** Suggestions without a required permission, or one the user holds. */
+  visibleWhere(permissions: ReadonlySet<string>): Prisma.SuggestionWhereInput {
+    return {
+      OR: [
+        { requiredPermission: null },
+        { requiredPermission: { in: [...permissions] } },
+      ],
+    };
+  }
+
+  async list(
+    userId: string,
+    query: ListSuggestionsQuery,
+  ): Promise<SuggestionView[]> {
+    const permissions = await this.permissions.getPermissions(userId);
+    const status = query.status ?? 'OPEN';
+    const rows = await this.prisma.suggestion.findMany({
+      where: {
+        AND: [
+          this.visibleWhere(permissions),
+          await this.statusWhere(status),
+          ...(query.colonyId ? [{ colonyId: query.colonyId }] : []),
+          ...(query.apiaryId ? [{ colony: { apiaryId: query.apiaryId } }] : []),
+        ],
+      },
+      include: LIST_INCLUDE,
+      orderBy: [
+        { dueDate: { sort: 'asc', nulls: 'last' } },
+        { priority: 'desc' },
+        { createdAt: 'asc' },
+        { id: 'asc' },
+      ],
+      take: query.limit ?? DEFAULT_LIST_LIMIT,
+      skip: query.offset ?? 0,
+    });
+    return this.toViews(rows);
+  }
+
+  /** One visible suggestion, 404 if it is unknown or hidden. */
+  async getOne(userId: string, id: string): Promise<SuggestionView> {
+    const [view] = await this.getMany(userId, [id]);
+    return view;
+  }
+
+  /** The visible suggestions with these ids, in the order of `ids`. */
+  async getMany(
+    userId: string,
+    ids: readonly string[],
+  ): Promise<SuggestionView[]> {
+    const permissions = await this.permissions.getPermissions(userId);
+    const rows = await this.prisma.suggestion.findMany({
+      where: {
+        AND: [this.visibleWhere(permissions), { id: { in: [...ids] } }],
+      },
+      include: LIST_INCLUDE,
+    });
+    const views = await this.toViews(rows);
+    const byId = new Map(views.map((view) => [view.id, view]));
+    return ids.map((id) => {
+      const view = byId.get(id);
+      if (!view) {
+        throw new NotFoundException(NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE);
+      }
+      return view;
+    });
+  }
+
+  async summary(userId: string): Promise<SuggestionSummary> {
+    const permissions = await this.permissions.getPermissions(userId);
+    const groups = await this.prisma.suggestion.groupBy({
+      by: ['priority'],
+      where: { AND: [this.visibleWhere(permissions), { status: 'OPEN' }] },
+      _count: { _all: true },
+    });
+    const byPriority = Object.fromEntries(
+      PRIORITIES.map((priority) => [priority, 0]),
+    ) as Record<TaskPriority, number>;
+    for (const group of groups) {
+      byPriority[group.priority] = group._count._all;
+    }
+    const open = PRIORITIES.reduce((sum, key) => sum + byPriority[key], 0);
+    return { open, byPriority };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 404 for an unknown suggestion and for one the user may not see, so the
+   * existence of a suggestion stays hidden together with its content.
+   */
+  async assertVisible(userId: string, ids: readonly string[]): Promise<void> {
+    const permissions = await this.permissions.getPermissions(userId);
+    const unique = [...new Set(ids)];
+    const visible = await this.prisma.suggestion.count({
+      where: { AND: [this.visibleWhere(permissions), { id: { in: unique } }] },
+    });
+    if (visible !== unique.length) {
+      throw new NotFoundException(NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** The database clock decides what "within 30 days" means. */
+  private async statusWhere(
+    status: SuggestionStatus,
+  ): Promise<Prisma.SuggestionWhereInput> {
+    if (status !== 'DISMISSED') {
+      return { status };
+    }
+    const [{ cutoff }] = await this.prisma.$queryRaw<{ cutoff: Date }[]>`
+      SELECT now() - make_interval(days => ${DISMISSED_LISTED_DAYS}) AS cutoff`;
+    return { status, decidedAt: { gte: cutoff } };
+  }
+
+  private async toViews(rows: SuggestionRow[]): Promise<SuggestionView[]> {
+    if (rows.length === 0) {
+      return [];
+    }
+    const [lookup, rules] = await Promise.all([
+      buildEvidenceLookup(
+        this.prisma,
+        rows.map((row) => row.evidence as SuggestionEvidence),
+      ),
+      this.prisma.automationRule.findMany({
+        where: {
+          triggerType: { in: [...new Set(rows.map((row) => row.ruleKey))] },
+        },
+        select: { triggerType: true, actionTemplate: true },
+      }),
+    ]);
+    const templates = new Map(
+      rules.map((rule) => [rule.triggerType, rule.actionTemplate]),
+    );
+    const today = berlinToday();
+    return rows.map((row) => {
+      const text = renderSuggestion(
+        row,
+        lookup,
+        today,
+        templates.get(row.ruleKey),
+      );
+      return {
+        id: row.id,
+        ruleKey: row.ruleKey,
+        source: row.source,
+        mode: row.mode,
+        intent: row.intent,
+        status: row.status,
+        priority: row.priority,
+        relatedType: row.relatedType,
+        relatedId: row.relatedId,
+        colonyId: row.colonyId,
+        colonyCode: row.colony?.code ?? null,
+        apiaryId: row.colony?.apiaryId ?? null,
+        apiaryName: row.colony?.apiary.name ?? null,
+        title: text.title,
+        reasons: text.reasons,
+        dueDate: row.dueDate === null ? null : utcDay(row.dueDate),
+        expiresAt: row.expiresAt === null ? null : utcDay(row.expiresAt),
+        plan: planOf(row.plan),
+        decidedAt: row.decidedAt?.toISOString() ?? null,
+        decisionNote: row.decisionNote,
+        createdAt: row.createdAt.toISOString(),
+        cleanup: cleanupOf(row),
+      };
+    });
+  }
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/suggestions/suggestions.controller.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+import { Body, Controller, Get, Param, Post, Query } from '@nestjs/common';
+import {
+  ApiBearerAuth,
+  ApiCreatedResponse,
+  ApiOkResponse,
+  ApiTags,
+} from '@nestjs/swagger';
+import { CurrentUser } from '../auth/decorators/current-user.decorator';
+import { RequirePermission } from '../auth/decorators/require-permission.decorator';
+import type { AuthenticatedUser } from '../auth/types/authenticated-user';
+import { Idempotent } from '../common/idempotency/idempotent.decorator';
+import { AcceptSuggestionDto } from './dto/accept-suggestion.dto';
+import { DismissSuggestionDto } from './dto/dismiss-suggestion.dto';
+import { ListSuggestionsQuery } from './dto/list-suggestions.query';
+import { SuggestionIdsDto } from './dto/suggestion-ids.dto';
+import {
+  AcceptSuggestionResponseDto,
+  BulkDismissResponseDto,
+  SuggestionSummaryDto,
+  SuggestionViewDto,
+} from './dto/suggestion-response.dto';
+import type { AcceptSuggestionResult } from './suggestion.types';
+import { SuggestionViewsService } from './suggestion-views.service';
+import { SuggestionsService } from './suggestions.service';
+
+/**
+ * Every decision first checks that the user may see the suggestion (404
+ * otherwise); the state checks, 409 and 400 answers come from the service.
+ * Static routes come before `:id`.
+ */
+@ApiTags('suggestions')
+@ApiBearerAuth()
+@Controller('suggestions')
+export class SuggestionsController {
+  constructor(
+    private readonly views: SuggestionViewsService,
+    private readonly suggestions: SuggestionsService,
+  ) {}
+
+  @ApiOkResponse({ type: [SuggestionViewDto] })
+  @RequirePermission('tasks:read')
+  @Get()
+  list(
+    @Query() query: ListSuggestionsQuery,
+    @CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser,
+  ) {
+    return this.views.list(actor.id, query);
+  }
+
+  @ApiOkResponse({ type: SuggestionSummaryDto })
+  @RequirePermission('tasks:read')
+  @Get('summary')
+  summary(@CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser) {
+    return this.views.summary(actor.id);
+  }
+
+  @ApiCreatedResponse({ type: [AcceptSuggestionResponseDto] })
+  @RequirePermission('tasks:create')
+  @Idempotent()
+  @Post('bulk-accept')
+  async bulkAccept(
+    @Body() dto: SuggestionIdsDto,
+    @CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser,
+  ) {
+    await this.views.assertVisible(actor.id, dto.ids);
+    const results = await this.suggestions.bulkAccept(dto.ids, actor.id);
+    return this.withViews(actor.id, results);
+  }
+
+  @ApiCreatedResponse({ type: BulkDismissResponseDto })
+  @RequirePermission('tasks:update')
+  @Idempotent()
+  @Post('bulk-dismiss')
+  async bulkDismiss(
+    @Body() dto: SuggestionIdsDto,
+    @CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser,
+  ) {
+    await this.views.assertVisible(actor.id, dto.ids);
+    return {
+      dismissed: await this.suggestions.bulkDismiss(dto.ids, actor.id),
+    };
+  }
+
+  @ApiCreatedResponse({ type: AcceptSuggestionResponseDto })
+  @RequirePermission('tasks:create')
+  @Idempotent()
+  @Post(':id/accept')
+  async accept(
+    @Param('id') id: string,
+    @Body() dto: AcceptSuggestionDto,
+    @CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser,
+  ) {
+    await this.views.assertVisible(actor.id, [id]);
+    const result = await this.suggestions.accept(id, dto, actor.id);
+    const [accepted] = await this.withViews(actor.id, [result]);
+    return accepted;
+  }
+
+  @ApiCreatedResponse({ type: SuggestionViewDto })
+  @RequirePermission('tasks:update')
+  @Idempotent()
+  @Post(':id/dismiss')
+  async dismiss(
+    @Param('id') id: string,
+    @Body() dto: DismissSuggestionDto,
+    @CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser,
+  ) {
+    await this.views.assertVisible(actor.id, [id]);
+    await this.suggestions.dismiss(id, dto.note ?? null, actor.id);
+    return this.views.getOne(actor.id, id);
+  }
+
+  @ApiCreatedResponse({ type: SuggestionViewDto })
+  @RequirePermission('tasks:update')
+  @Idempotent()
+  @Post(':id/reopen')
+  async reopen(
+    @Param('id') id: string,
+    @CurrentUser() actor: AuthenticatedUser,
+  ) {
+    await this.views.assertVisible(actor.id, [id]);
+    await this.suggestions.reopen(id, actor.id);
+    return this.views.getOne(actor.id, id);
+  }
+
+  /** The accept results in the app's shape: rendered suggestion + tasks. */
+  private async withViews(
+    userId: string,
+    results: readonly AcceptSuggestionResult[],
+  ) {
+    const views = await this.views.getMany(
+      userId,
+      results.map((result) => result.suggestionId),
+    );
+    return results.map((result, index) => ({
+      suggestion: views[index],
+      tasks: result.tasks,
+    }));
+  }
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/suggestions/suggestions.module.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { AuditModule } from '../audit/audit.module';
 import { TasksModule } from '../tasks/tasks.module';
+import { SuggestionViewsService } from './suggestion-views.service';
+import { SuggestionsController } from './suggestions.controller';
 import { SuggestionsService } from './suggestions.service';
 
 /**
@@ -9,7 +11,8 @@ import { SuggestionsService } from './suggestions.service';
  */
 @Module({
   imports: [TasksModule, AuditModule],
-  providers: [SuggestionsService],
-  exports: [SuggestionsService],
+  controllers: [SuggestionsController],
+  providers: [SuggestionsService, SuggestionViewsService],
+  exports: [SuggestionsService, SuggestionViewsService],
 })
 export class SuggestionsModule {}

ApiCore-Backend/src/system/job-run.service.spec.ts

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ describe('JobRunService', () => {
       $executeRaw: jest.fn<Promise<number>, RawCall>().mockResolvedValue(1),
       $queryRaw: jest
         .fn<Promise<unknown>, RawCall>()
-        .mockResolvedValue([{ notified: false }]),
+        .mockResolvedValue([{ notified: false, day: '2026-10-13' }]),
     };
     prisma = {
       jobRun,
@@ -71,7 +71,9 @@ describe('JobRunService', () => {
         Promise.resolve([runRow({ status: status as JobRun['status'] })]),
       ),
     };
-    notifications = { recordForPermission: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(2) };
+    notifications = {
+      recordForPermission: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'n1' }]),
+    };
     service = new JobRunService(
       prisma as unknown as PrismaService,
       notifications as unknown as NotificationsService,
@@ -177,9 +179,11 @@ describe('JobRunService', () => {
         'automation:update',
         {
           priority: 'WARNUNG',
+          category: 'SYSTEM',
           message: 'Job „Tägliche Auswertung“ fehlgeschlagen',
           relatedType: 'JobRun',
           relatedId: 'run-1',
+          dedupeKeyPrefix: 'job-failed:daily-evaluation:2026-10-13',
         },
         tx,
       );
@@ -188,7 +192,7 @@ describe('JobRunService', () => {
     // The hourly app-backup check would otherwise report one outage every
     // hour. The check and the write share a transaction behind a lock per
     // job, so two failing runs at once cannot both pass the check.
-    it('notifies at most once per job and UTC day, decided by the database clock', async () => {
+    it('notifies at most once per job and Berlin day, decided by the database clock', async () => {
       tx.$queryRaw.mockResolvedValue([{ notified: true }]);
 
       await service.run('app-backup', () => Promise.reject(new Error('boom')));
@@ -198,7 +202,13 @@ describe('JobRunService', () => {
       expect(sqlText(lock)).toContain('pg_advisory_xact_lock');
       expect(lock.slice(1)).toEqual(['job-failure-notification:app-backup']);
       const check = tx.$queryRaw.mock.calls[0];
-      expect(sqlText(check)).toContain(`date_trunc('day', now())`);
+      expect(sqlText(check)).toContain(
+        `date_trunc('day', now() AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Berlin')`,
+      );
+      // The key carries the same day the check uses.
+      expect(sqlText(check)).toContain(
+        `to_char(now() AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Berlin'`,
+      );
       expect(check.slice(1)).toEqual(['JobRun', 'app-backup']);
       expect(tx.$executeRaw.mock.invocationCallOrder[0]).toBeLessThan(
         tx.$queryRaw.mock.invocationCallOrder[0],

ApiCore-Backend/src/system/job-run.service.ts

@@ -162,24 +162,29 @@ export class JobRunService {
   }
 
   /**
-   * At most one notification per job and UTC day (database clock): the
+   * At most one notification per job and Berlin calendar day (database clock,
+   * the day logic of the rest of the app; the same day is in the dedupe key): the
    * hourly app-backup check would otherwise report the same outage every
    * hour. The advisory lock per job serialises check and write, so two
-   * runs failing at once cannot both pass the check. A notification that
+   * runs failing at once cannot both pass the check; the dedupe key per
+   * recipient is a second guard. A notification that
    * cannot be written is logged; the run stays FAILED either way.
    */
   private async notifyFailure(job: JobName, runId: string): Promise<void> {
     try {
       await this.prisma.$transaction(async (tx) => {
         await tx.$executeRaw`SELECT pg_advisory_xact_lock(hashtextextended(${`job-failure-notification:${job}`}, 0))`;
-        const [{ notified }] = await tx.$queryRaw<{ notified: boolean }[]>`
+        const [{ notified, day }] = await tx.$queryRaw<
+          { notified: boolean; day: string }[]
+        >`
           SELECT EXISTS (
             SELECT 1 FROM "Notification" n
             JOIN "JobRun" r ON r."id" = n."relatedId"
             WHERE n."relatedType" = ${JOB_RUN_RELATED_TYPE}
               AND r."job" = ${job}
-              AND n."createdAt" >= date_trunc('day', now())
-          ) AS "notified"`;
+              AND n."createdAt" >= date_trunc('day', now() AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Berlin') AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Berlin'
+          ) AS "notified",
+          to_char(now() AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Berlin', 'YYYY-MM-DD') AS "day"`;
         if (notified) {
           return;
         }
@@ -187,9 +192,11 @@ export class JobRunService {
           JOB_FAILURE_PERMISSION[job],
           {
             priority: 'WARNUNG',
+            category: 'SYSTEM',
             message: `Job „${JOB_LABELS_DE[job]}“ fehlgeschlagen`,
             relatedType: JOB_RUN_RELATED_TYPE,
             relatedId: runId,
+            dedupeKeyPrefix: `job-failed:${job}:${day}`,
           },
           tx,
         );

ApiCore-Backend/src/treatments/treatment-windows.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import type { DbClient } from '../prisma/db-client';
+import { treatmentWindowsIn } from './treatment-windows';
+
+const d = (day: string): Date => new Date(`${day}T00:00:00.000Z`);
+
+describe('treatmentWindowsIn', () => {
+  it('maps every treatment of the colony to a window and ignores other colonies', async () => {
+    const rows = [
+      {
+        colonyId: 'a',
+        date: d('2026-07-20'),
+        startDate: null,
+        endDate: d('2026-08-02'),
+      },
+      {
+        colonyId: 'a',
+        date: d('2026-09-01'),
+        startDate: d('2026-08-28'),
+        endDate: null,
+      },
+      { colonyId: 'b', date: d('2026-06-01'), startDate: null, endDate: null },
+    ];
+    const findMany = jest.fn(({ where }: { where: { colonyId: string } }) =>
+      Promise.resolve(rows.filter((row) => row.colonyId === where.colonyId)),
+    );
+    const db = { treatment: { findMany } } as unknown as DbClient;
+
+    await expect(treatmentWindowsIn(db, 'a')).resolves.toEqual([
+      { startDay: '2026-07-20', endDay: '2026-08-02' },
+      { startDay: '2026-08-28', endDay: '2026-09-01' },
+    ]);
+    expect(findMany).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({ where: { colonyId: 'a' } }),
+    );
+  });
+});

ApiCore-Backend/src/treatments/treatment-windows.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import type { DbClient } from '../prisma/db-client';
+import {
+  treatmentWindowOf,
+  type TreatmentWindowLite,
+} from './withdrawal-window';
+
+/**
+ * The treatment windows of one colony (all treatments, oldest first). A
+ * function rather than a service so that callers need no module import.
+ */
+export async function treatmentWindowsIn(
+  db: DbClient,
+  colonyId: string,
+): Promise<TreatmentWindowLite[]> {
+  const treatments = await db.treatment.findMany({
+    where: { colonyId },
+    select: { date: true, startDate: true, endDate: true },
+    orderBy: { date: 'asc' },
+  });
+  return treatments.map(treatmentWindowOf);
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/treatments/treatments.service.spec.ts

@@ -504,6 +504,28 @@ describe('TreatmentsService', () => {
         ]);
       });
 
+      it('counts the harvest day in Berlin time: 00:30 on the end day is outside', async () => {
+        prisma.treatment.findMany.mockResolvedValue([endedFirstOfJuly]);
+
+        const result = await service.getWithdrawalStatus(
+          ['colony-1'],
+          new Date('2026-07-15T00:30:00+02:00'),
+        );
+
+        expect(result).toEqual([]);
+      });
+
+      it('is still active at 23:30 Berlin time the day before the end', async () => {
+        prisma.treatment.findMany.mockResolvedValue([endedFirstOfJuly]);
+
+        const result = await service.getWithdrawalStatus(
+          ['colony-1'],
+          new Date('2026-07-14T23:30:00+02:00'),
+        );
+
+        expect(result).toHaveLength(1);
+      });
+
       it('omits a window that has ended by that date', async () => {
         prisma.treatment.findMany.mockResolvedValue([endedFirstOfJuly]);
 

ApiCore-Backend/src/treatments/treatments.service.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,12 @@ import {
 } from '../common/bulk/bulk-create';
 import { runBulk } from '../common/bulk/run-bulk';
 import { lockRowForUpdate } from '../prisma/row-lock';
+import { berlinDayOf, dayToDate } from '../common/dates';
+import {
+  isInWindow,
+  withdrawalWindowOf,
+  type WithdrawalWindow,
+} from './withdrawal-window';
 import { CreateTreatmentDto } from './dto/create-treatment.dto';
 import { BulkCreateTreatmentDto } from './dto/bulk-create-treatment.dto';
 import { UpdateTreatmentDto } from './dto/update-treatment.dto';
@@ -24,16 +30,6 @@ export interface WithdrawalStatus {
   product: string;
 }
 
-// When a treatment began: the earlier of its date and the start of a
-// multi-day treatment - the earlier one errs on the side of withdrawal.
-function treatmentStart(
-  treatment: Pick<Treatment, 'date' | 'startDate'>,
-): Date {
-  return treatment.startDate && treatment.startDate < treatment.date
-    ? treatment.startDate
-    : treatment.date;
-}
-
 // The row a new treatment is stored as - for create and createBulk alike, so
 // a bulk entry stores exactly what single entries would. Where the colony
 // stands today is where it was treated: the apiary is kept on the treatment
@@ -105,29 +101,23 @@ export class TreatmentsService {
         withdrawalPeriodDays: { not: null },
       },
     });
-    const activeByColony = new Map<string, WithdrawalStatus>();
+    const harvestDay = berlinDayOf(at);
+    const activeByColony = new Map<string, WithdrawalWindow>();
     for (const treatment of treatments) {
-      if (treatmentStart(treatment) > at) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      const referenceDate = treatment.endDate ?? treatment.date;
-      const activeUntil = new Date(referenceDate);
-      activeUntil.setUTCDate(
-        activeUntil.getUTCDate() + (treatment.withdrawalPeriodDays ?? 0),
-      );
-      if (activeUntil <= at) {
+      const window = withdrawalWindowOf(treatment);
+      if (!window || !isInWindow(window, harvestDay)) {
         continue;
       }
       const current = activeByColony.get(treatment.colonyId);
-      if (!current || activeUntil > new Date(current.activeUntil)) {
-        activeByColony.set(treatment.colonyId, {
-          colonyId: treatment.colonyId,
-          activeUntil: activeUntil.toISOString(),
-          product: treatment.product,
-        });
+      if (!current || window.untilDay > current.untilDay) {
+        activeByColony.set(treatment.colonyId, window);
       }
     }
-    return [...activeByColony.values()];
+    return [...activeByColony.values()].map((window) => ({
+      colonyId: window.colonyId,
+      activeUntil: dayToDate(window.untilDay).toISOString(),
+      product: window.product,
+    }));
   }
 
   async create(

ApiCore-Backend/src/treatments/withdrawal-window.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+import { withdrawalEndDay } from '../jobs/daily-evaluation.rules';
+import {
+  isInWindow,
+  treatmentWindowOf,
+  withdrawalWindowOf,
+} from './withdrawal-window';
+
+const d = (day: string): Date => new Date(`${day}T00:00:00.000Z`);
+
+describe('withdrawal-window', () => {
+  describe('withdrawalWindowOf', () => {
+    it('runs from the treatment start to (endDate ?? date) + days, exclusive', () =>
+      expect(
+        withdrawalWindowOf({
+          id: 't',
+          colonyId: 'c',
+          product: 'Oxuvar',
+          date: d('2026-09-28'),
+          startDate: null,
+          endDate: d('2026-10-01'),
+          withdrawalPeriodDays: 14,
+        }),
+      ).toEqual({
+        treatmentId: 't',
+        colonyId: 'c',
+        product: 'Oxuvar',
+        fromDay: '2026-09-28',
+        untilDay: '2026-10-15',
+      }));
+
+    it('starts at startDate when it lies before date', () =>
+      expect(
+        withdrawalWindowOf({
+          id: 't',
+          colonyId: 'c',
+          product: 'Oxuvar',
+          date: d('2026-07-20'),
+          startDate: d('2026-07-10'),
+          endDate: d('2026-07-20'),
+          withdrawalPeriodDays: 7,
+        }),
+      ).toMatchObject({ fromDay: '2026-07-10', untilDay: '2026-07-27' }));
+
+    it('ignores a startDate after date', () =>
+      expect(
+        withdrawalWindowOf({
+          id: 't',
+          colonyId: 'c',
+          product: 'p',
+          date: d('2026-07-20'),
+          startDate: d('2026-07-25'),
+          endDate: null,
+          withdrawalPeriodDays: 1,
+        }),
+      ).toMatchObject({ fromDay: '2026-07-20', untilDay: '2026-07-21' }));
+
+    it('has no window without withdrawalPeriodDays', () =>
+      expect(
+        withdrawalWindowOf({
+          id: 't',
+          colonyId: 'c',
+          product: 'p',
+          date: d('2026-07-20'),
+          startDate: null,
+          endDate: null,
+          withdrawalPeriodDays: null,
+        }),
+      ).toBeNull());
+
+    it('is inactive on untilDay and active on fromDay', () => {
+      const window = withdrawalWindowOf({
+        id: 't',
+        colonyId: 'c',
+        product: 'p',
+        date: d('2026-07-20'),
+        startDate: d('2026-07-10'),
+        endDate: d('2026-07-20'),
+        withdrawalPeriodDays: 7,
+      });
+      expect(window).toMatchObject({
+        fromDay: '2026-07-10',
+        untilDay: '2026-07-27',
+      });
+      expect(window && isInWindow(window, '2026-07-10')).toBe(true);
+      expect(window && isInWindow(window, '2026-07-26')).toBe(true);
+      expect(window && isInWindow(window, '2026-07-27')).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    it('withdrawalEndDay delivers the window end', () =>
+      expect(
+        withdrawalEndDay({
+          date: d('2026-09-28'),
+          endDate: d('2026-10-01'),
+          withdrawalPeriodDays: 14,
+        }),
+      ).toBe('2026-10-15'));
+
+    it('counts days in Berlin time', () =>
+      expect(
+        withdrawalWindowOf({
+          id: 't',
+          colonyId: 'c',
+          product: 'p',
+          date: new Date('2026-07-01T00:30:00+02:00'),
+          startDate: null,
+          endDate: null,
+          withdrawalPeriodDays: 1,
+        }),
+      ).toMatchObject({ fromDay: '2026-07-01', untilDay: '2026-07-02' }));
+  });
+
+  describe('isInWindow', () => {
+    const window = {
+      treatmentId: 't',
+      colonyId: 'c',
+      product: 'p',
+      fromDay: '2026-07-10',
+      untilDay: '2026-07-15',
+    };
+
+    it.each([
+      ['2026-07-09', false],
+      ['2026-07-10', true],
+      ['2026-07-14', true],
+      ['2026-07-15', false],
+    ])('%s -> %p', (day, expected) =>
+      expect(isInWindow(window, day)).toBe(expected),
+    );
+  });
+
+  describe('treatmentWindowOf', () => {
+    it('starts at startDate when it is before date and ends at endDate ?? date', () => {
+      expect(
+        treatmentWindowOf({
+          date: d('2026-07-20'),
+          startDate: d('2026-07-10'),
+          endDate: null,
+        }),
+      ).toEqual({ startDay: '2026-07-10', endDay: '2026-07-20' });
+      expect(
+        treatmentWindowOf({
+          date: d('2026-07-20'),
+          startDate: d('2026-07-25'),
+          endDate: d('2026-08-02'),
+        }),
+      ).toEqual({ startDay: '2026-07-20', endDay: '2026-08-02' });
+    });
+  });
+});

ApiCore-Backend/src/treatments/withdrawal-window.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+import type { Treatment } from '../../generated/prisma';
+import { addDays, berlinDayOf } from '../common/dates';
+
+/**
+ * The one place that turns a treatment into days: the withdrawal period
+ * (Wartezeit) and the varroa treatment effect both read it, so there is no
+ * second window calculation. Pure, no database. All days are 'YYYY-MM-DD'
+ * (Berlin calendar day of the stored DateTime).
+ */
+
+const dayOf = berlinDayOf;
+
+/** When a treatment began: startDate if it lies before date, otherwise date. */
+function startDayOf(t: Pick<Treatment, 'date' | 'startDate'>): string {
+  const date = dayOf(t.date);
+  const start = t.startDate ? dayOf(t.startDate) : null;
+  return start !== null && start < date ? start : date;
+}
+
+/** When a treatment ended: endDate, or date for a single-day treatment. */
+function endDayOf(t: Pick<Treatment, 'date' | 'endDate'>): string {
+  return dayOf(t.endDate ?? t.date);
+}
+
+export interface TreatmentWindowLite {
+  startDay: string;
+  endDay: string;
+}
+
+export function treatmentWindowOf(
+  t: Pick<Treatment, 'date' | 'startDate' | 'endDate'>,
+): TreatmentWindowLite {
+  return { startDay: startDayOf(t), endDay: endDayOf(t) };
+}
+
+export interface WithdrawalWindow {
+  treatmentId: string;
+  colonyId: string;
+  product: string;
+  fromDay: string;
+  /** Exclusive: the first day honey may be harvested again. */
+  untilDay: string;
+}
+
+/** First harvestable day, null without a withdrawal period. */
+export function withdrawalUntilDay(
+  t: Pick<Treatment, 'date' | 'endDate' | 'withdrawalPeriodDays'>,
+): string | null {
+  return t.withdrawalPeriodDays === null
+    ? null
+    : addDays(endDayOf(t), t.withdrawalPeriodDays);
+}
+
+export function withdrawalWindowOf(
+  t: Pick<
+    Treatment,
+    | 'id'
+    | 'colonyId'
+    | 'product'
+    | 'date'
+    | 'startDate'
+    | 'endDate'
+    | 'withdrawalPeriodDays'
+  >,
+): WithdrawalWindow | null {
+  const untilDay = withdrawalUntilDay(t);
+  if (untilDay === null) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  return {
+    treatmentId: t.id,
+    colonyId: t.colonyId,
+    product: t.product,
+    fromDay: startDayOf(t),
+    untilDay,
+  };
+}
+
+/** fromDay <= day < untilDay */
+export function isInWindow(window: WithdrawalWindow, day: string): boolean {
+  return window.fromDay <= day && day < window.untilDay;
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/colony-varroa-measurements.controller.ts

@@ -1,17 +1,25 @@
 import { Controller, Get, Param } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ApiBearerAuth, ApiTags } from '@nestjs/swagger';
 import { RequirePermission } from '../auth/decorators/require-permission.decorator';
+import { VarroaBandsService } from './varroa-bands.service';
 import { VarroaService } from './varroa.service';
 
 @ApiTags('varroa-measurements')
 @ApiBearerAuth()
 @Controller('colonies')
 export class ColonyVarroaMeasurementsController {
-  constructor(private readonly varroaService: VarroaService) {}
+  constructor(
+    private readonly varroaService: VarroaService,
+    private readonly varroaBandsService: VarroaBandsService,
+  ) {}
 
   @RequirePermission('varroa:read')
   @Get(':id/varroa-measurements')
-  findByColony(@Param('id') id: string) {
-    return this.varroaService.findByColony(id);
+  /** The measurements of the colony, each with its rating (light, band, reason). */
+  async findByColony(@Param('id') id: string) {
+    return this.varroaBandsService.rate(
+      id,
+      await this.varroaService.findByColony(id),
+    );
   }
 }

ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/dto/create-varroa-measurement.dto.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import {
   IsNumber,
   IsOptional,
   IsString,
+  Max,
   Min,
 } from 'class-validator';
 import { VarroaMethod } from '../../../generated/prisma';
@@ -35,6 +36,18 @@ export class CreateVarroaMeasurementDto {
   @Min(0)
   miteCount?: number;
 
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({
+    description:
+      'Sample size in bees (powdered sugar, washing); the percentage is mites / sample * 100.',
+    minimum: 1,
+    maximum: 2000,
+  })
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsInt()
+  @Min(1)
+  @Max(2000)
+  sampleBees?: number;
+
   @ApiPropertyOptional()
   @IsOptional()
   @IsNumber()

ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/dto/varroa-thresholds.query.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import { ApiPropertyOptional } from '@nestjs/swagger';
+import { IsOptional, IsString, Matches, MaxLength } from 'class-validator';
+
+const MAX_ID_LENGTH = 64;
+const DAY_PATTERN = /^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/;
+
+/**
+ * GET /varroa-measurements/thresholds. The date is only shape-checked here;
+ * an impossible day (2026-02-30) is rejected by the service.
+ */
+export class VarroaThresholdsQuery {
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({
+    description: 'Volk, für dessen Typ die Bänder gelten',
+  })
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  @MaxLength(MAX_ID_LENGTH)
+  @Matches(/^[A-Za-z0-9_-]+$/, { message: 'colonyId ist ungültig' })
+  colonyId?: string;
+
+  @ApiPropertyOptional({
+    description: 'Messtag (JJJJ-MM-TT), ohne Angabe heute (Berlin)',
+    example: '2026-08-10',
+  })
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  @Matches(DAY_PATTERN, { message: 'date muss ein Tag (JJJJ-MM-TT) sein' })
+  date?: string;
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/varroa-bands.service.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+import { BadRequestException, NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
+import { VarroaBandsService } from './varroa-bands.service';
+
+const d = (day: string): Date => new Date(`${day}T00:00:00.000Z`);
+
+describe('VarroaBandsService', () => {
+  let service: VarroaBandsService;
+  let prisma: {
+    automationRule: { findUnique: jest.Mock };
+    colony: { findUnique: jest.Mock };
+    treatment: { findMany: jest.Mock };
+  };
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    prisma = {
+      // No row: the built-in (active) rule applies.
+      automationRule: { findUnique: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(null) },
+      colony: { findUnique: jest.fn() },
+      treatment: { findMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]) },
+    };
+    service = new VarroaBandsService(prisma as unknown as PrismaService);
+  });
+
+  describe('thresholds', () => {
+    it('halves the natural mite fall bands for a young colony', async () => {
+      prisma.colony.findUnique.mockResolvedValue({
+        colonyType: 'YOUNG_COLONY',
+      });
+
+      const result = await service.thresholds({
+        colonyId: 'c1',
+        date: '2026-06-10',
+      });
+
+      expect(result.active).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.bands.NATURAL_MITE_FALL).toMatchObject({
+        yellowFrom: 2.5,
+        redAbove: 5,
+        youngColony: true,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('returns no powdered sugar band in April', async () => {
+      const result = await service.thresholds({ date: '2026-04-10' });
+
+      expect(result.bands.POWDERED_SUGAR).toBeUndefined();
+      expect(result.bands.NATURAL_MITE_FALL).toBeDefined();
+    });
+
+    it('names the recheck day while a treatment of the colony is in effect', async () => {
+      prisma.colony.findUnique.mockResolvedValue({
+        colonyType: 'PRODUCTION_COLONY',
+      });
+      prisma.treatment.findMany.mockResolvedValue([
+        { date: d('2026-08-02'), startDate: d('2026-07-20'), endDate: null },
+      ]);
+
+      const result = await service.thresholds({
+        colonyId: 'c1',
+        date: '2026-08-07',
+      });
+
+      expect(result.postTreatmentUntil).toBe('2026-08-16');
+    });
+
+    it('returns no bands while the rule is switched off', async () => {
+      prisma.automationRule.findUnique.mockResolvedValue({
+        id: 'r',
+        active: false,
+        config: {},
+        actionTemplate: null,
+      });
+
+      await expect(service.thresholds({ date: '2026-08-10' })).resolves.toEqual(
+        {
+          day: '2026-08-10',
+          bands: {},
+          postTreatmentUntil: null,
+          active: false,
+        },
+      );
+    });
+
+    it('rejects an unknown colony with 404', async () => {
+      prisma.colony.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(null);
+
+      await expect(
+        service.thresholds({ colonyId: 'missing' }),
+      ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(NotFoundException);
+    });
+
+    it.each(['2026-02-30', '2026-13-01', '10.08.2026', 'x'])(
+      'rejects the invalid date %s with 400',
+      async (date) => {
+        await expect(service.thresholds({ date })).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(
+          BadRequestException,
+        );
+      },
+    );
+  });
+
+  describe('rate', () => {
+    const measurement = {
+      id: 'm1',
+      colonyId: 'c1',
+      date: d('2026-08-20'),
+      method: 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL' as const,
+      calculatedValue: 12,
+    };
+
+    it('adds the rating of every measurement', async () => {
+      prisma.colony.findUnique.mockResolvedValue({
+        colonyType: 'PRODUCTION_COLONY',
+      });
+
+      const [rated] = await service.rate('c1', [measurement]);
+
+      expect(rated).toMatchObject({ id: 'm1' });
+      expect(rated.rating).toMatchObject({
+        light: 'red',
+        reasonCode: 'NATURAL_FALL_SEASON',
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('rates nothing while the rule is switched off', async () => {
+      prisma.automationRule.findUnique.mockResolvedValue({
+        id: 'r',
+        active: false,
+        config: {},
+        actionTemplate: null,
+      });
+
+      const [rated] = await service.rate('c1', [measurement]);
+
+      expect(rated.rating).toEqual({
+        light: null,
+        reasonCode: null,
+        band: null,
+        postTreatmentUntil: null,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('does not read the colony for an empty list', async () => {
+      await expect(service.rate('c1', [])).resolves.toEqual([]);
+      expect(prisma.colony.findUnique).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+  });
+});

ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/varroa-bands.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+import {
+  BadRequestException,
+  Injectable,
+  NotFoundException,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
+import type { ColonyType, VarroaMeasurement } from '../../generated/prisma';
+import { readRule } from '../automation/rule-config';
+import {
+  bandsFor,
+  rateMeasurement,
+  type VarroaBands,
+  type VarroaRating,
+} from '../automation/varroa-bands';
+import { berlinToday, dayToDate } from '../common/dates';
+import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
+import { treatmentWindowsIn } from '../treatments/treatment-windows';
+
+export interface VarroaThresholds extends VarroaBands {
+  /** false while the VARROA_THRESHOLD rule is switched off: no bands. */
+  active: boolean;
+}
+
+type RatableMeasurement = Pick<
+  VarroaMeasurement,
+  'date' | 'method' | 'calculatedValue'
+>;
+
+const NO_RATING: VarroaRating = {
+  light: null,
+  reasonCode: null,
+  band: null,
+  postTreatmentUntil: null,
+};
+
+function validDay(day: string): string {
+  try {
+    dayToDate(day);
+  } catch {
+    throw new BadRequestException('Bitte einen gültigen Tag angeben.');
+  }
+  return day;
+}
+
+/**
+ * The varroa bands (green/yellow/red limits) of the VARROA_THRESHOLD rule for
+ * a day and colony, and the rating of measurements against them.
+ */
+@Injectable()
+export class VarroaBandsService {
+  constructor(private readonly prisma: PrismaService) {}
+
+  async thresholds(query: {
+    colonyId?: string;
+    date?: string;
+  }): Promise<VarroaThresholds> {
+    const day = validDay(query.date ?? berlinToday());
+    const rule = await readRule(this.prisma, 'VARROA_THRESHOLD');
+    const colonyType =
+      query.colonyId === undefined
+        ? null
+        : await this.colonyTypeOf(query.colonyId);
+    if (!rule.active) {
+      return { day, bands: {}, postTreatmentUntil: null, active: false };
+    }
+    const treatments =
+      query.colonyId === undefined
+        ? []
+        : await treatmentWindowsIn(this.prisma, query.colonyId);
+    return {
+      ...bandsFor(day, colonyType, rule.config, treatments),
+      active: true,
+    };
+  }
+
+  /** Each measurement of one colony with its rating. */
+  async rate<M extends RatableMeasurement>(
+    colonyId: string,
+    measurements: readonly M[],
+  ): Promise<(M & { rating: VarroaRating })[]> {
+    if (measurements.length === 0) {
+      return [];
+    }
+    const rule = await readRule(this.prisma, 'VARROA_THRESHOLD');
+    if (!rule.active) {
+      return measurements.map((m) => ({ ...m, rating: NO_RATING }));
+    }
+    const colony = await this.prisma.colony.findUnique({
+      where: { id: colonyId },
+      select: { colonyType: true },
+    });
+    const treatments = await treatmentWindowsIn(this.prisma, colonyId);
+    return measurements.map((m) => ({
+      ...m,
+      rating: rateMeasurement(
+        m,
+        colony?.colonyType ?? null,
+        rule.config,
+        treatments,
+      ),
+    }));
+  }
+
+  private async colonyTypeOf(colonyId: string): Promise<ColonyType> {
+    const colony = await this.prisma.colony.findUnique({
+      where: { id: colonyId },
+      select: { colonyType: true },
+    });
+    if (!colony) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Colony not found');
+    }
+    return colony.colonyType;
+  }
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/varroa-threshold.service.ts

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
-import { varroaThresholdOf } from '../automation/varroa-threshold';
-import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
-
-export interface VarroaThreshold {
-  // null when the VARROA_THRESHOLD rule is switched off.
-  thresholdMitesPerDay: number | null;
-}
-
-@Injectable()
-export class VarroaThresholdService {
-  constructor(private readonly prisma: PrismaService) {}
-
-  async current(): Promise<VarroaThreshold> {
-    const rule = await this.prisma.automationRule.findUnique({
-      where: { triggerType: 'VARROA_THRESHOLD' },
-      select: { active: true, config: true },
-    });
-    return { thresholdMitesPerDay: varroaThresholdOf(rule) };
-  }
-}

ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/varroa.controller.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,12 @@
-import { Body, Controller, Get, Param, Patch, Post } from '@nestjs/common';
+import {
+  Body,
+  Controller,
+  Get,
+  Param,
+  Patch,
+  Post,
+  Query,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ApiBearerAuth, ApiTags } from '@nestjs/swagger';
 import { RequirePermission } from '../auth/decorators/require-permission.decorator';
 import { CurrentUser } from '../auth/decorators/current-user.decorator';
@@ -7,7 +15,8 @@ import { CreateVarroaMeasurementDto } from './dto/create-varroa-measurement.dto'
 import { BulkCreateVarroaMeasurementDto } from './dto/bulk-create-varroa-measurement.dto';
 import { UpdateVarroaMeasurementDto } from './dto/update-varroa-measurement.dto';
 import { VarroaService } from './varroa.service';
-import { VarroaThresholdService } from './varroa-threshold.service';
+import { VarroaBandsService } from './varroa-bands.service';
+import { VarroaThresholdsQuery } from './dto/varroa-thresholds.query';
 import { Idempotent } from '../common/idempotency/idempotent.decorator';
 
 @ApiTags('varroa-measurements')
@@ -16,7 +25,7 @@ import { Idempotent } from '../common/idempotency/idempotent.decorator';
 export class VarroaController {
   constructor(
     private readonly varroaService: VarroaService,
-    private readonly varroaThresholdService: VarroaThresholdService,
+    private readonly varroaBandsService: VarroaBandsService,
   ) {}
 
   @RequirePermission('varroa:read')
@@ -25,11 +34,11 @@ export class VarroaController {
     return this.varroaService.findAll();
   }
 
-  /** Effective alarm threshold; declared before :id so it is not shadowed. */
+  /** Bands in force on a day for a colony; declared before :id so it is not shadowed. */
   @RequirePermission('varroa:read', 'varroa:create')
-  @Get('threshold')
-  getThreshold() {
-    return this.varroaThresholdService.current();
+  @Get('thresholds')
+  getThresholds(@Query() query: VarroaThresholdsQuery) {
+    return this.varroaBandsService.thresholds(query);
   }
 
   @RequirePermission('varroa:read')

ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/varroa.module.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { VarroaController } from './varroa.controller';
 import { ColonyVarroaMeasurementsController } from './colony-varroa-measurements.controller';
 import { VarroaService } from './varroa.service';
-import { VarroaThresholdService } from './varroa-threshold.service';
+import { VarroaBandsService } from './varroa-bands.service';
 
 /**
  * The threshold rule and the varroa.measured webhook follow from the
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import { VarroaThresholdService } from './varroa-threshold.service';
  */
 @Module({
   controllers: [VarroaController, ColonyVarroaMeasurementsController],
-  providers: [VarroaService, VarroaThresholdService],
+  providers: [VarroaService, VarroaBandsService],
   exports: [VarroaService],
 })
 export class VarroaModule {}

ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/varroa.service.spec.ts

@@ -284,6 +284,57 @@ describe('VarroaService', () => {
       expect(createArg.data.calculatedValue).toBeUndefined();
     });
 
+    it('stores mites per 100 bees for powdered sugar with a sample size', async () => {
+      tx.varroaMeasurement.create.mockResolvedValue(measurement);
+
+      await service.create(
+        {
+          colonyId: 'colony-1',
+          date: '2026-07-01',
+          method: 'POWDERED_SUGAR',
+          miteCount: 10,
+          sampleBees: 500,
+        },
+        'user-1',
+      );
+
+      const [[createArg]] = tx.varroaMeasurement.create.mock.calls as [
+        [{ data: { calculatedValue?: number; sampleBees?: number } }],
+      ];
+      expect(createArg.data.calculatedValue).toBe(2);
+      expect(createArg.data.sampleBees).toBe(500);
+    });
+
+    it('does not derive a percentage from the sample for natural mite fall or without a sample', async () => {
+      tx.varroaMeasurement.create.mockResolvedValue(measurement);
+
+      await service.create(
+        {
+          colonyId: 'colony-1',
+          date: '2026-07-01',
+          method: 'WASHING_METHOD',
+          miteCount: 10,
+        },
+        'user-1',
+      );
+      await service.create(
+        {
+          colonyId: 'colony-1',
+          date: '2026-07-01',
+          method: 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL',
+          miteCount: 10,
+          sampleBees: 500,
+        },
+        'user-1',
+      );
+
+      const calls = tx.varroaMeasurement.create.mock.calls as [
+        { data: { calculatedValue?: number } },
+      ][];
+      expect(calls[0][0].data.calculatedValue).toBeUndefined();
+      expect(calls[1][0].data.calculatedValue).toBeUndefined();
+    });
+
     it('respects an explicitly provided calculatedValue instead of computing one', async () => {
       tx.varroaMeasurement.create.mockResolvedValue(measurement);
 
@@ -373,6 +424,16 @@ describe('VarroaService', () => {
         ).resolves.toBe(20);
       });
 
+      it('rounds mites/day to two decimals so the stored value rates as shown', async () => {
+        // 7203 / 720 days = 10.0042: stored as 10, which is yellow, not red.
+        await expect(
+          storedCalculatedValueAfter(naturalMiteFall, {
+            miteCount: 7203,
+            durationMinutes: 720 * 24 * 60,
+          }),
+        ).resolves.toBe(10);
+      });
+
       it('recomputes mites/day when the duration changes', async () => {
         await expect(
           storedCalculatedValueAfter(naturalMiteFall, {
@@ -443,6 +504,108 @@ describe('VarroaService', () => {
         ).resolves.toBe(15);
       });
 
+      describe('with a sample size', () => {
+        const washed = {
+          ...measurement,
+          method: 'WASHING_METHOD',
+          miteCount: 10,
+          durationMinutes: null,
+          sampleBees: 500,
+          calculatedValue: 2,
+        };
+
+        it('recomputes the percentage when the sample size changes', async () => {
+          await expect(
+            storedCalculatedValueAfter(washed, { sampleBees: 250 }),
+          ).resolves.toBe(4);
+        });
+
+        it('update with sampleBees null clears the sample and keeps a manually entered value', async () => {
+          tx.varroaMeasurement.findUnique.mockResolvedValue({
+            ...washed,
+            calculatedValue: 3,
+          });
+          tx.varroaMeasurement.update.mockResolvedValue(measurement);
+
+          await service.update(
+            'varroa-1',
+            { sampleBees: null as unknown as number },
+            'user-1',
+          );
+
+          const [[updateArg]] = tx.varroaMeasurement.update.mock.calls as [
+            [
+              {
+                data: {
+                  sampleBees?: number | null;
+                  calculatedValue?: number | null;
+                };
+              },
+            ],
+          ];
+          expect(updateArg.data.sampleBees).toBeNull();
+          expect(updateArg.data.calculatedValue).toBeUndefined();
+        });
+
+        it('clears a derived percentage when the sample is removed', async () => {
+          await expect(
+            storedCalculatedValueAfter(washed, {
+              sampleBees: null as unknown as number,
+            }),
+          ).resolves.toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('rounds the derived percentage to two decimals', async () => {
+          await expect(
+            storedCalculatedValueAfter(washed, {
+              miteCount: 7,
+              sampleBees: 300,
+            }),
+          ).resolves.toBe(2.33);
+        });
+
+        it('recomputes the percentage when the mite count changes', async () => {
+          await expect(
+            storedCalculatedValueAfter(washed, { miteCount: 15 }),
+          ).resolves.toBe(3);
+        });
+
+        it('leaves a manual percentage alone when only the notes change', async () => {
+          await expect(
+            storedCalculatedValueAfter(
+              { ...washed, calculatedValue: 3 },
+              { notes: 'x' },
+            ),
+          ).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+        });
+
+        it('derives the percentage when the method switches from drone brood', async () => {
+          await expect(
+            storedCalculatedValueAfter(
+              { ...washed, method: 'DRONE_BROOD_CONTROL', calculatedValue: 9 },
+              { method: 'POWDERED_SUGAR' },
+            ),
+          ).resolves.toBe(2);
+        });
+
+        it('clears the percentage when the method switches to drone brood', async () => {
+          await expect(
+            storedCalculatedValueAfter(washed, {
+              method: 'DRONE_BROOD_CONTROL',
+            }),
+          ).resolves.toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('keeps a changed percentage as a manual override', async () => {
+          await expect(
+            storedCalculatedValueAfter(washed, {
+              sampleBees: 250,
+              calculatedValue: 7,
+            }),
+          ).resolves.toBe(7);
+        });
+      });
+
       // @IsOptional lets an explicit null through the validation pipe.
       const clearedValue = { calculatedValue: null as unknown as number };
 

ApiCore-Backend/src/varroa/varroa.service.ts

@@ -19,16 +19,19 @@ import { BulkCreateVarroaMeasurementDto } from './dto/bulk-create-varroa-measure
 import { UpdateVarroaMeasurementDto } from './dto/update-varroa-measurement.dto';
 
 const MINUTES_PER_DAY = 24 * 60;
+const PERCENT = 100;
+const DECIMALS_FACTOR = 100;
+
+// Stored and rated value are the same: rounded once, on write.
+function roundToTwoDecimals(value: number): number {
+  return Math.round(value * DECIMALS_FACTOR) / DECIMALS_FACTOR;
+}
 
 // Natural mite fall is counted on a sticky-board insert left in the hive
 // for some duration and is conventionally normalized to a daily rate
-// ("Milben/Tag") - both the VARROA_THRESHOLD automation config
-// (thresholdMitesPerDay) and the annual PDF report already assume
-// calculatedValue is in that unit. The other methods (Puderzucker,
-// Waschmethode, Drohnenbrutkontrolle) report a different, non-time-based
-// metric (mites per fixed bee sample); there is no single verified
-// formula for those here, so calculatedValue is left for the user to
-// enter manually for those methods instead of guessing one.
+// ("Milben/Tag"). Powdered sugar and washing report the infestation as mites
+// per 100 bees of a sample of sampleBees (percent). The drone brood check has
+// no verified formula, so its calculatedValue is left for the user to enter.
 function computeNaturalMiteFallPerDay(
   miteCount: number | null | undefined,
   durationMinutes: number | null | undefined,
@@ -39,16 +42,44 @@ function computeNaturalMiteFallPerDay(
   if (!durationMinutes || durationMinutes <= 0) {
     return undefined;
   }
-  return (miteCount / durationMinutes) * MINUTES_PER_DAY;
+  return roundToTwoDecimals((miteCount / durationMinutes) * MINUTES_PER_DAY);
 }
 
-function deriveCalculatedValue(
-  method: VarroaMethod,
+function computeInfestationPercent(
   miteCount: number | null | undefined,
-  durationMinutes: number | null | undefined,
+  sampleBees: number | null | undefined,
 ): number | undefined {
-  return method === 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL'
-    ? computeNaturalMiteFallPerDay(miteCount, durationMinutes)
+  if (miteCount === null || miteCount === undefined) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+  if (!sampleBees || sampleBees <= 0) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+  return roundToTwoDecimals((miteCount / sampleBees) * PERCENT);
+}
+
+function isPercentMethod(method: VarroaMethod): boolean {
+  return method === 'POWDERED_SUGAR' || method === 'WASHING_METHOD';
+}
+
+interface Derivation {
+  method: VarroaMethod;
+  miteCount?: number | null;
+  durationMinutes?: number | null;
+  sampleBees?: number | null;
+}
+
+function deriveCalculatedValue({
+  method,
+  miteCount,
+  durationMinutes,
+  sampleBees,
+}: Derivation): number | undefined {
+  if (method === 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL') {
+    return computeNaturalMiteFallPerDay(miteCount, durationMinutes);
+  }
+  return isPercentMethod(method)
+    ? computeInfestationPercent(miteCount, sampleBees)
     : undefined;
 }
 
@@ -69,18 +100,25 @@ function calculatedValueForUpdate(
   if (sent !== undefined && sent !== null && sent !== before.calculatedValue) {
     return sent;
   }
-  const method = dto.method ?? before.method;
-  const miteCount =
-    dto.miteCount === undefined ? before.miteCount : dto.miteCount;
-  const durationMinutes =
+  const merged: Derivation = {
+    method: dto.method ?? before.method,
+    miteCount: dto.miteCount === undefined ? before.miteCount : dto.miteCount,
+    durationMinutes:
       dto.durationMinutes === undefined
         ? before.durationMinutes
-      : dto.durationMinutes;
+        : dto.durationMinutes,
+    sampleBees:
+      dto.sampleBees === undefined ? before.sampleBees : dto.sampleBees,
+  };
+  const { method } = merged;
   const derivationInputChanged =
     method !== before.method ||
     (method === 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL' &&
-      (miteCount !== before.miteCount ||
-        durationMinutes !== before.durationMinutes));
+      (merged.miteCount !== before.miteCount ||
+        merged.durationMinutes !== before.durationMinutes)) ||
+    (isPercentMethod(method) &&
+      (merged.miteCount !== before.miteCount ||
+        merged.sampleBees !== before.sampleBees));
   // An explicit null asks for the value to be cleared - like a create
   // without a value, that means "derive it where a rule exists".
   const mustDerive =
@@ -88,8 +126,20 @@ function calculatedValueForUpdate(
   if (!mustDerive) {
     return undefined;
   }
+  const derived = deriveCalculatedValue(merged);
+  // A percentage that no longer derives (the sample was removed) is cleared
+  // only if it was derived itself; a value entered by hand stays.
+  if (
+    derived === undefined &&
+    sent !== null &&
+    method === before.method &&
+    isPercentMethod(method) &&
+    before.calculatedValue !== deriveCalculatedValue(before)
+  ) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
   // null clears a value the merged record no longer supports.
-  return deriveCalculatedValue(method, miteCount, durationMinutes) ?? null;
+  return derived ?? null;
 }
 
 // The row a new measurement is stored as - for create and createBulk alike,
@@ -101,9 +151,7 @@ function measurementRow(
 ): Prisma.VarroaMeasurementUncheckedCreateInput {
   return {
     ...dto,
-    calculatedValue:
-      dto.calculatedValue ??
-      deriveCalculatedValue(dto.method, dto.miteCount, dto.durationMinutes),
+    calculatedValue: dto.calculatedValue ?? deriveCalculatedValue(dto),
     date: new Date(dto.date),
     userId: actingUserId,
   };

ApiCore-Backend/src/webhooks/webhook-delivery.worker.spec.ts

@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ describe('WebhookDeliveryWorker', () => {
       `UPDATE "WebhookDelivery" SET "status" = 'PROCESSING', "claimedAt" = now()`,
     );
     expect(text(claim)).toContain(
-      `WHERE "status" = 'PENDING' AND "availableAt" <= now()`,
+      `WHERE "status" = 'PENDING' AND "availableAt" <= CAST(now() AS timestamp(3))`,
     );
     expect(text(claim)).toContain(
       'ORDER BY "createdAt" LIMIT ? FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED',
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ describe('WebhookDeliveryWorker', () => {
 
     const claim = db.claimQuery();
     expect(text(claim)).toContain(
-      `"availableAt" <= now() AND "subscriptionId" = ANY(?) ORDER BY`,
+      `"availableAt" <= CAST(now() AS timestamp(3)) AND "subscriptionId" = ANY(?) ORDER BY`,
     );
     expect(claim.values).toEqual([['wh-1', 'wh-2'], 50]);
   });

ApiCore-Backend/src/webhooks/webhook.handlers.spec.ts

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ type RecordModel =
   | 'feeding'
   | 'harvest'
   | 'honeyBatch'
+  | 'queen'
   | 'task';
 
 const RECORD_MODELS: readonly RecordModel[] = [
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ const RECORD_MODELS: readonly RecordModel[] = [
   'feeding',
   'harvest',
   'honeyBatch',
+  'queen',
   'task',
 ];
 
@@ -79,6 +81,7 @@ describe('WebhookEventHandlers', () => {
       StockChanged: 'stock.changed',
       TaskCreated: 'task.created',
       TaskCompleted: 'task.completed',
+      QueenAssigned: 'queen.replaced',
     });
   });
 
@@ -156,6 +159,27 @@ describe('WebhookEventHandlers', () => {
     );
   });
 
+  it('QueenAssigned forwards queen.replaced with the queen', async () => {
+    const queen = { id: 'q1', code: 'Q-001' };
+    tx.queen.findUnique.mockResolvedValueOnce(queen);
+
+    await forward(
+      envelope('QueenAssigned', 'q1', {
+        colonyId: 'c1',
+        historyId: 'h1',
+        assignedOn: '2026-10-14',
+        previousColonyId: null,
+      }),
+    );
+
+    expect(tx.queen.findUnique).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ where: { id: 'q1' } });
+    expect(webhooks.enqueueDeliveries).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      tx,
+      'queen.replaced',
+      queen,
+    );
+  });
+
   it('enqueues harvest.created with the harvest and its colonies', async () => {
     const harvest = {
       id: 'h1',

ApiCore-Backend/src/webhooks/webhook.handlers.ts

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ export const DOMAIN_EVENT_WEBHOOKS: Readonly<
   StockChanged: 'stock.changed',
   TaskCreated: 'task.created',
   TaskCompleted: 'task.completed',
+  QueenAssigned: 'queen.replaced',
 });
 
 /**
@@ -92,6 +93,8 @@ async function webhookData(
     case 'TaskCreated':
     case 'TaskCompleted':
       return tx.task.findUnique(byAggregate);
+    case 'QueenAssigned':
+      return tx.queen.findUnique(byAggregate);
     default:
       return null;
   }

ApiCore-Backend/test/automation.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -266,7 +266,12 @@ describe('Automation rules (e2e)', () => {
     const notifications = await prisma.notification.findMany({
       where: { relatedId: colonyId },
     });
-    expect(notifications).toHaveLength(1);
+    // One copy per user who may read tasks, never a broadcast.
+    expect(notifications.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    expect(notifications.every((n) => n.category === 'SUGGESTION')).toBe(true);
+    expect(new Set(notifications.map((n) => n.userId)).size).toBe(
+      notifications.length,
+    );
   });
 
   it('does not trigger when the queen was seen', async () => {

ApiCore-Backend/test/calendar-sync.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ describe('Calendar sync outbox (e2e)', () => {
     syncFeeding: true,
     syncHarvest: true,
     syncQueenAssignment: true,
+    syncWithdrawal: true,
     updatedAt: new Date(),
   };
 
@@ -359,6 +360,37 @@ describe('Calendar sync outbox (e2e)', () => {
       expect(JSON.stringify(response.body)).toContain('Gruppen-ID');
     });
 
+    // GET /settings is mocked in this file (see beforeEach), so the stored
+    // row is read directly.
+    it('syncWithdrawal is on by default and can be switched off', async () => {
+      const fresh = await prisma.calendarSyncSettings.create({
+        data: { id: `default-check-${suffix}` },
+      });
+      await prisma.calendarSyncSettings.delete({ where: { id: fresh.id } });
+      expect(fresh.syncWithdrawal).toBe(true);
+      await prisma.calendarSyncSettings.upsert({
+        where: { id: 'singleton' },
+        create: { id: 'singleton' },
+        update: {},
+      });
+
+      const response = await request(app.getHttpServer())
+        .patch('/api/v1/calendar/sync/settings')
+        .set(auth())
+        .send({ syncWithdrawal: false })
+        .expect(200);
+
+      expect(response.body).toMatchObject({ syncWithdrawal: false });
+      const stored = await prisma.calendarSyncSettings.findUniqueOrThrow({
+        where: { id: 'singleton' },
+      });
+      expect(stored.syncWithdrawal).toBe(false);
+      await prisma.calendarSyncSettings.update({
+        where: { id: 'singleton' },
+        data: { syncWithdrawal: true },
+      });
+    });
+
     // PATCH null rule: the switches cannot hold null - 400, not a 500.
     it('rejects null on a switch with 400', async () => {
       await request(app.getHttpServer())

ApiCore-Backend/test/colonies.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ describe('Colonies (e2e)', () => {
   let apiaryBId: string;
   let colonyId: string;
   let childColonyId: string;
+  const splitColonyIds: string[] = [];
   let colonyToMergeId: string;
   let healthColonyId: string;
   let raceColonyId: string;
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ describe('Colonies (e2e)', () => {
       colonyToMergeId,
       healthColonyId,
       raceColonyId,
+      ...splitColonyIds,
     ].filter(Boolean);
     // Rule tasks are written without a user - their audit entry and
     // TaskCreated are not covered by the userId cleanup below.
@@ -190,6 +192,55 @@ describe('Colonies (e2e)', () => {
     expect((history.body as ColonyHistoryBody).lineageAsSource).toHaveLength(1);
   });
 
+  it('records ColonySplit with the given day and queen source, and refuses a future day', async () => {
+    await request(app.getHttpServer())
+      .post(`/api/v1/colonies/${colonyId}/split`)
+      .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${beekeeperToken}`)
+      .send({
+        code: `V-${Date.now()}-F`,
+        colonyType: 'NUCLEUS_COLONY',
+        date: '2999-01-01',
+      })
+      .expect(400);
+    await request(app.getHttpServer())
+      .post(`/api/v1/colonies/${colonyId}/split`)
+      .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${beekeeperToken}`)
+      .send({
+        code: `V-${Date.now()}-T`,
+        colonyType: 'NUCLEUS_COLONY',
+        date: '2026-05-05T23:30:00+02:00',
+      })
+      .expect(400);
+
+    const response = await request(app.getHttpServer())
+      .post(`/api/v1/colonies/${colonyId}/split`)
+      .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${beekeeperToken}`)
+      .send({
+        code: `V-${Date.now()}-B`,
+        colonyType: 'NUCLEUS_COLONY',
+        date: '2026-05-05',
+        queenSource: 'QUEEN_CELL',
+      })
+      .expect(201);
+    const splitId = (response.body as ColonyBody).id;
+    splitColonyIds.push(splitId);
+
+    const lineage = await prisma.colonyLineage.findFirstOrThrow({
+      where: { toColonyId: splitId },
+    });
+    expect(lineage.queenSource).toBe('QUEEN_CELL');
+    expect(lineage.date.toISOString().slice(0, 10)).toBe('2026-05-05');
+    const event = await prisma.domainEvent.findFirstOrThrow({
+      where: { type: 'ColonySplit', aggregateId: splitId },
+    });
+    expect(event.payload).toEqual({
+      parentColonyId: colonyId,
+      lineageId: lineage.id,
+      queenSource: 'QUEEN_CELL',
+      splitOn: '2026-05-05',
+    });
+  });
+
   it('merges another colony into the surviving one', async () => {
     const otherColony = await request(app.getHttpServer())
       .post('/api/v1/colonies')

ApiCore-Backend/test/notifications.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { INestApplication } from '@nestjs/common';
 import * as bcrypt from 'bcryptjs';
 import request from 'supertest';
 import { App } from 'supertest/types';
+import { NotificationsService } from '../src/notifications/notifications.service';
 import { PrismaService } from '../src/prisma/prisma.service';
 import { createTestApp } from './utils/create-test-app';
 import { login } from './utils/api';
@@ -9,99 +10,360 @@ import { login } from './utils/api';
 interface NotificationBody {
   id: string;
   priority: string;
+  category: string;
   read: boolean;
 }
 
+interface SettingsBody {
+  taskDueEnabled: boolean;
+  digestEnabled: boolean;
+  digestTime: string;
+  quietFrom: string | null;
+  quietUntil: string | null;
+  telegramCategories: string[];
+  telegramDetail: boolean;
+}
+
 describe('Notifications (e2e)', () => {
   let app: INestApplication<App>;
   let prisma: PrismaService;
-  const beekeeperEmail = `notifications-e2e-beekeeper-${Date.now()}@example.com`;
+  let notifications: NotificationsService;
+  const suffix = `${Date.now()}-${Math.round(Math.random() * 1e6)}`;
   const password = 'SuperSecret123!';
-  const staffEmail = `notifications-e2e-staff-${Date.now()}@example.com`;
-  let beekeeperId: string;
-  let staffId: string;
-  let beekeeperToken: string;
-  let staffToken: string;
-  let notificationId: string;
+  const emails = {
+    beekeeper: `notifications-e2e-beekeeper-${suffix}@example.com`,
+    staff: `notifications-e2e-staff-${suffix}@example.com`,
+    bare: `notifications-e2e-bare-${suffix}@example.com`,
+    admin: `notifications-e2e-admin-${suffix}@example.com`,
+  };
+  const roleKey = `NOTIF_BARE_${suffix}`;
+  const ids = {} as Record<keyof typeof emails, string>;
+  const tokens = {} as Record<keyof typeof emails, string>;
+  const createdNotificationIds: string[] = [];
+  let apiKeyId: string | undefined;
+
+  const server = () => app.getHttpServer();
+  const as = (who: keyof typeof emails) => ({
+    Authorization: `Bearer ${tokens[who]}`,
+  });
+
+  async function seedNotification(
+    userId: string,
+    overrides: Record<string, unknown> = {},
+  ) {
+    const row = await prisma.notification.create({
+      data: {
+        userId,
+        priority: 'KRITISCH',
+        category: 'SYSTEM',
+        message: `Kritischer Testalarm ${suffix}`,
+        ...overrides,
+      },
+    });
+    createdNotificationIds.push(row.id);
+    return row;
+  }
 
   beforeAll(async () => {
     app = await createTestApp();
     prisma = app.get(PrismaService);
+    notifications = app.get(NotificationsService);
 
+    await prisma.role.create({
+      data: { key: roleKey, name: 'Notifications bare role' },
+    });
     const passwordHash = await bcrypt.hash(password, 12);
-    const beekeeper = await prisma.user.create({
+    const roleOf: Record<keyof typeof emails, string> = {
+      beekeeper: 'BEEKEEPER',
+      staff: 'STAFF',
+      bare: roleKey,
+      admin: 'ADMIN',
+    };
+    for (const who of Object.keys(emails) as (keyof typeof emails)[]) {
+      const user = await prisma.user.create({
         data: {
-        email: beekeeperEmail,
+          email: emails[who],
           passwordHash,
-        name: 'Beekeeper',
-        role: { connect: { key: 'BEEKEEPER' } },
+          name: who,
+          role: { connect: { key: roleOf[who] } },
         },
       });
-    beekeeperId = beekeeper.id;
-    const staff = await prisma.user.create({
-      data: {
-        email: staffEmail,
-        passwordHash,
-        name: 'Staff',
-        role: { connect: { key: 'STAFF' } },
-      },
-    });
-    staffId = staff.id;
-    beekeeperToken = (await login(app, beekeeperEmail, password)).accessToken;
-    staffToken = (await login(app, staffEmail, password)).accessToken;
-
-    const notification = await prisma.notification.create({
-      data: {
-        userId: beekeeperId,
-        priority: 'KRITISCH',
-        message: `Kritischer Testalarm ${Date.now()}`,
-      },
-    });
-    notificationId = notification.id;
+      ids[who] = user.id;
+      tokens[who] = (await login(app, emails[who], password)).accessToken;
+    }
   });
 
   afterAll(async () => {
-    await prisma.notification.deleteMany({ where: { id: notificationId } });
+    const userIds = Object.values(ids);
+    if (apiKeyId) {
+      await prisma.apiKey.deleteMany({ where: { id: apiKeyId } });
+    }
+    await prisma.notification.deleteMany({
+      where: {
+        OR: [
+          { id: { in: createdNotificationIds } },
+          { userId: { in: userIds } },
+        ],
+      },
+    });
+    await prisma.notificationPreference.deleteMany({
+      where: { userId: { in: userIds } },
+    });
     await prisma.refreshToken.deleteMany({
-      where: { userId: { in: [beekeeperId, staffId] } },
-    });
-    await prisma.auditLog.deleteMany({
-      where: { userId: { in: [beekeeperId, staffId] } },
-    });
-    await prisma.user.deleteMany({
-      where: { id: { in: [beekeeperId, staffId] } },
+      where: { userId: { in: userIds } },
     });
+    await prisma.auditLog.deleteMany({ where: { userId: { in: userIds } } });
+    await prisma.user.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: userIds } } });
+    await prisma.role.deleteMany({ where: { key: roleKey } });
     await app.close();
   });
 
   it('lists notifications for the authenticated user', async () => {
-    const response = await request(app.getHttpServer())
+    const own = await seedNotification(ids.beekeeper);
+
+    const response = await request(server())
       .get('/api/v1/notifications')
-      .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${beekeeperToken}`)
+      .set(as('beekeeper'))
       .expect(200);
-    const notifications = response.body as NotificationBody[];
-    expect(
-      notifications.some(
-        (notification) =>
-          notification.id === notificationId &&
-          notification.priority === 'KRITISCH',
-      ),
-    ).toBe(true);
+    const list = response.body as NotificationBody[];
+
+    expect(list.some((n) => n.id === own.id && n.priority === 'KRITISCH')).toBe(
+      true,
+    );
+    expect(list[0]).not.toHaveProperty('requiredPermissions');
+    expect(list[0]).not.toHaveProperty('dedupeKey');
   });
 
-  it("rejects marking another user's notification as read", () => {
-    return request(app.getHttpServer())
-      .post(`/api/v1/notifications/${notificationId}/read`)
-      .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${staffToken}`)
+  it('hides a row whose permissions the user does not hold (any more)', async () => {
+    const open = await seedNotification(ids.bare);
+    const hidden = await seedNotification(ids.bare, {
+      requiredPermissions: ['colonies:read'],
+    });
+
+    const response = await request(server())
+      .get('/api/v1/notifications?unreadOnly=true')
+      .set(as('bare'))
+      .expect(200);
+    const listed = (response.body as NotificationBody[]).map((n) => n.id);
+
+    expect(listed).toContain(open.id);
+    expect(listed).not.toContain(hidden.id);
+  });
+
+  it('reading is per user: marking one copy read leaves the other unread', async () => {
+    const [first, second] = await notifications.recordForUsers(
+      [ids.beekeeper, ids.staff],
+      {
+        priority: 'INFO',
+        category: 'SYSTEM',
+        message: `Rundmeldung ${suffix}`,
+        dedupeKeyPrefix: `e2e-read:${suffix}`,
+      },
+    );
+    createdNotificationIds.push(first.id, second.id);
+    const mine = [first, second].find((n) => n.userId === ids.beekeeper)!;
+    const theirs = [first, second].find((n) => n.userId === ids.staff)!;
+
+    const response = await request(server())
+      .post(`/api/v1/notifications/${mine.id}/read`)
+      .set(as('beekeeper'))
+      .expect(201);
+
+    expect((response.body as NotificationBody).read).toBe(true);
+    expect(
+      (
+        await prisma.notification.findUniqueOrThrow({
+          where: { id: theirs.id },
+        })
+      ).read,
+    ).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('a fan-out for colonies:read never reaches a user without it', async () => {
+    const rows = await notifications.recordForPermission('colonies:read', {
+      priority: 'INFO',
+      category: 'SUGGESTION',
+      message: `Nur mit Volksrecht ${suffix}`,
+      dedupeKeyPrefix: `e2e-fanout:${suffix}`,
+    });
+    createdNotificationIds.push(...rows.map((row) => row.id));
+
+    const recipients = rows.map((row) => row.userId);
+    expect(recipients).toContain(ids.beekeeper);
+    expect(recipients).not.toContain(ids.bare);
+    expect(
+      rows.every((row) => row.requiredPermissions.includes('colonies:read')),
+    ).toBe(true);
+
+    const none = await notifications.recordForUsers([ids.bare], {
+      priority: 'INFO',
+      category: 'SUGGESTION',
+      message: 'x',
+      requiredPermissions: ['colonies:read'],
+    });
+    expect(none).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('a repeated dedupe key writes nothing the second time', async () => {
+    const input = {
+      priority: 'INFO' as const,
+      category: 'SYSTEM' as const,
+      message: `Einmalig ${suffix}`,
+      dedupeKeyPrefix: `e2e-dedupe:${suffix}`,
+    };
+    const first = await notifications.recordForUsers([ids.beekeeper], input);
+    createdNotificationIds.push(...first.map((row) => row.id));
+
+    const second = await notifications.recordForUsers([ids.beekeeper], input);
+
+    expect(first).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(second).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('read-all marks only own notifications', async () => {
+    const own = await seedNotification(ids.staff);
+    const foreign = await seedNotification(ids.beekeeper);
+
+    const response = await request(server())
+      .post('/api/v1/notifications/read-all')
+      .set(as('staff'))
+      .expect(201);
+
+    expect(
+      (response.body as { updated: number }).updated,
+    ).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(1);
+    expect(
+      (await prisma.notification.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: own.id } }))
+        .read,
+    ).toBe(true);
+    expect(
+      (
+        await prisma.notification.findUniqueOrThrow({
+          where: { id: foreign.id },
+        })
+      ).read,
+    ).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('reading a foreign notification answers 404', async () => {
+    const foreign = await seedNotification(ids.beekeeper);
+
+    await request(server())
+      .post(`/api/v1/notifications/${foreign.id}/read`)
+      .set(as('staff'))
+      .expect(404);
+    await request(server())
+      .post('/api/v1/notifications/does-not-exist/read')
+      .set(as('staff'))
+      .expect(404);
+    expect(
+      (
+        await prisma.notification.findUniqueOrThrow({
+          where: { id: foreign.id },
+        })
+      ).read,
+    ).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  describe('notification settings', () => {
+    it('an API key gets 403 on /profile/notification-settings', async () => {
+      const created = await request(server())
+        .post('/api/v1/api-keys')
+        .set(as('admin'))
+        .send({ name: `notif-e2e ${suffix}`, scopes: ['shop-sync:read'] })
+        .expect(201);
+      const body = created.body as { apiKey: { id: string }; token: string };
+      apiKeyId = body.apiKey.id;
+
+      await request(server())
+        .get('/api/v1/profile/notification-settings')
+        .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${body.token}`)
         .expect(403);
     });
 
-  it('marks a notification as read', async () => {
-    const response = await request(app.getHttpServer())
-      .post(`/api/v1/notifications/${notificationId}/read`)
-      .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${beekeeperToken}`)
-      .expect(201);
-    const notification = response.body as NotificationBody;
-    expect(notification.read).toBe(true);
+    it('returns the defaults on first read', async () => {
+      const response = await request(server())
+        .get('/api/v1/profile/notification-settings')
+        .set(as('bare'))
+        .expect(200);
+
+      expect(response.body).toEqual({
+        taskDueEnabled: true,
+        digestEnabled: true,
+        digestTime: '06:30',
+        quietFrom: '21:00',
+        quietUntil: '06:30',
+        telegramCategories: ['TASK_DUE', 'DIGEST'],
+        telegramDetail: true,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('PATCH notification-settings stores digest time, quiet hours and Telegram categories', async () => {
+      const response = await request(server())
+        .patch('/api/v1/profile/notification-settings')
+        .set(as('beekeeper'))
+        .send({
+          digestTime: '07:15',
+          quietFrom: '22:00',
+          quietUntil: '05:30',
+          telegramCategories: ['SYSTEM', 'WITHDRAWAL'],
+          telegramDetail: false,
+        })
+        .expect(200);
+      const settings = response.body as SettingsBody;
+
+      expect(settings).toMatchObject({
+        digestTime: '07:15',
+        quietFrom: '22:00',
+        quietUntil: '05:30',
+        telegramCategories: ['SYSTEM', 'WITHDRAWAL'],
+        telegramDetail: false,
+        taskDueEnabled: true,
+      });
+      const stored = await prisma.notificationPreference.findUniqueOrThrow({
+        where: { userId: ids.beekeeper },
+      });
+      expect(stored.telegramEnabled).toBe(false);
+      expect(stored.digestTime).toBe('07:15');
+    });
+
+    it('rejects a digest time outside 05:00 to 12:00 and a lone quiet-hour value', async () => {
+      const early = await request(server())
+        .patch('/api/v1/profile/notification-settings')
+        .set(as('staff'))
+        .send({ digestTime: '04:30' })
+        .expect(400);
+      expect(JSON.stringify(early.body)).toContain(
+        'Bitte eine Uhrzeit zwischen 05:00 und 12:00 wählen.',
+      );
+
+      const lone = await request(server())
+        .patch('/api/v1/profile/notification-settings')
+        .set(as('staff'))
+        .send({ quietFrom: null })
+        .expect(400);
+      expect(JSON.stringify(lone.body)).toContain(
+        'Bitte Beginn und Ende der Ruhezeit zusammen leeren.',
+      );
+
+      await request(server())
+        .patch('/api/v1/profile/notification-settings')
+        .set(as('staff'))
+        .send({ quietFrom: null, quietUntil: null })
+        .expect(200);
+      await request(server())
+        .patch('/api/v1/profile/notification-settings')
+        .set(as('staff'))
+        .send({ digestEnabled: null })
+        .expect(400);
+    });
+
+    it('does not accept telegramEnabled', async () => {
+      await request(server())
+        .patch('/api/v1/profile/notification-settings')
+        .set(as('staff'))
+        .send({ telegramEnabled: true })
+        .expect(400);
+    });
   });
 });

ApiCore-Backend/test/outbox-claims.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import { Test, TestingModule } from '@nestjs/testing';
+import { Prisma } from '../generated/prisma';
+import { claimBatch } from '../src/common/outbox/outbox-claims';
+import { PrismaModule } from '../src/prisma/prisma.module';
+import { PrismaService } from '../src/prisma/prisma.service';
+
+const ROUNDS = 1000;
+
+/**
+ * "availableAt" is TIMESTAMP(3): a value written from SQL now() (stale
+ * release, retry backoff, requeue) is ROUNDED to milliseconds, so it can lie
+ * up to half a millisecond after the next statement's now(). A claim right
+ * behind such a write must still find the row.
+ */
+describe('claimBatch and millisecond rounding (e2e)', () => {
+  const correlationId = `claim-rounding-${Date.now()}-${Math.round(Math.random() * 1e6)}`;
+  let moduleRef: TestingModule;
+  let prisma: PrismaService;
+
+  beforeAll(async () => {
+    moduleRef = await Test.createTestingModule({
+      imports: [PrismaModule],
+    }).compile();
+    await moduleRef.init();
+    prisma = moduleRef.get(PrismaService);
+  });
+
+  afterAll(async () => {
+    await prisma.domainEvent.deleteMany({ where: { correlationId } });
+    await moduleRef.close();
+  });
+
+  it('claims an entry whose availableAt was just set to now()', async () => {
+    const event = await prisma.domainEvent.create({
+      data: {
+        type: 'TaskDue',
+        aggregateType: 'Task',
+        aggregateId: correlationId,
+        payload: {},
+        correlationId,
+      },
+    });
+    let missed = 0;
+    for (let round = 0; round < ROUNDS; round++) {
+      await prisma.$executeRaw`UPDATE "DomainEvent" SET "status" = 'PENDING', "claimedAt" = NULL, "availableAt" = now() WHERE "id" = ${event.id}`;
+      const claimed = await claimBatch(prisma, 'DomainEvent', {
+        limit: 1,
+        filter: Prisma.sql`"correlationId" = ${correlationId}`,
+        orderBy: 'occurredAt',
+      });
+      if (claimed.length !== 1) {
+        missed++;
+      }
+    }
+    expect(missed).toBe(0);
+  });
+});

ApiCore-Backend/test/post-commit-side-effects.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ describe('Post-commit side effects (e2e)', () => {
         .mockImplementation(() => undefined);
       // Automation: the warning cannot be written.
       jest
-        .spyOn(app.get(NotificationsService), 'record')
+        .spyOn(app.get(NotificationsService), 'recordForPermission')
         .mockRejectedValue(new Error('notifications down'));
       // Calendar sync: enqueue cannot read its settings.
       jest
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ describe('Post-commit side effects (e2e)', () => {
       jest.spyOn(Logger.prototype, 'warn').mockImplementation(() => undefined);
       const colonyId = (await createColony('PC-RETRY')).id;
       jest
-        .spyOn(app.get(NotificationsService), 'record')
+        .spyOn(app.get(NotificationsService), 'recordForPermission')
         .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('notifications down'));
 
       const { body } = (await post('/api/v1/inspections', {
@@ -311,9 +311,13 @@ describe('Post-commit side effects (e2e)', () => {
       await prisma.$executeRaw`UPDATE "DomainEvent" SET "availableAt" = now() WHERE "aggregateId" = ${body.id}`;
       await drainDomainEvents(app, [body.id]);
       expect(await taskCount('QUEENLESS_NO_EGGS', colonyId)).toBe(1);
-      expect(
-        await prisma.notification.count({ where: { relatedId: colonyId } }),
-      ).toBe(1);
+      // One copy per recipient (everybody who may read tasks), written once.
+      const warnings = await prisma.notification.findMany({
+        where: { relatedId: colonyId },
+        select: { userId: true },
+      });
+      expect(warnings.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+      expect(new Set(warnings.map((w) => w.userId)).size).toBe(warnings.length);
 
       const deliveries = await prisma.domainEventDelivery.findMany({
         where: { event: { aggregateId: body.id } },

ApiCore-Backend/test/queens.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import { App } from 'supertest/types';
 import { PrismaService } from '../src/prisma/prisma.service';
 import { createTestApp } from './utils/create-test-app';
 import { login } from './utils/api';
+import { drainDomainEvents } from './utils/domain-events';
+import { CalendarSyncSettingsService } from '../src/calendar-sync/calendar-sync-settings.service';
 
 interface QueenBody {
   id: string;
@@ -22,6 +24,8 @@ describe('Queens (e2e)', () => {
   let colonyId: string;
   let queenId: string;
   let daughterQueenId: string;
+  let secondColonyId: string;
+  let subscriptionId: string;
 
   beforeAll(async () => {
     app = await createTestApp();
@@ -53,7 +57,43 @@ describe('Queens (e2e)', () => {
     colonyId = colony.id;
   });
 
+  afterEach(() => {
+    jest.restoreAllMocks();
+  });
+
   afterAll(async () => {
+    if (subscriptionId) {
+      // Deliveries go with their subscription (ON DELETE CASCADE).
+      await prisma.webhookSubscription.deleteMany({
+        where: { id: subscriptionId },
+      });
+    }
+    if (queenId) {
+      const historyIds = (
+        await prisma.queenColonyHistory.findMany({
+          where: { queenId },
+          select: { id: true },
+        })
+      ).map((history) => history.id);
+      await prisma.calendarSyncOutboxEntry.deleteMany({
+        where: { sourceType: 'QUEEN_ASSIGNMENT', sourceId: { in: historyIds } },
+      });
+    }
+    if (secondColonyId) {
+      await prisma.queenColonyHistory.deleteMany({
+        where: { colonyId: secondColonyId },
+      });
+      await prisma.colony.update({
+        where: { id: secondColonyId },
+        data: { currentQueenId: null },
+      });
+    }
+    if (queenId) {
+      // Events go with their deliveries (ON DELETE CASCADE).
+      await prisma.domainEvent.deleteMany({
+        where: { aggregateType: 'Queen', aggregateId: queenId },
+      });
+    }
     if (queenId) {
       await prisma.queenEvaluation.deleteMany({ where: { queenId } });
     }
@@ -70,7 +110,9 @@ describe('Queens (e2e)', () => {
     if (queenId) {
       await prisma.queen.delete({ where: { id: queenId } });
     }
-    await prisma.colony.deleteMany({ where: { id: colonyId } });
+    await prisma.colony.deleteMany({
+      where: { id: { in: [colonyId, secondColonyId].filter(Boolean) } },
+    });
     await prisma.apiary.deleteMany({ where: { id: apiaryId } });
     await prisma.refreshToken.deleteMany({ where: { userId: beekeeperId } });
     await prisma.auditLog.deleteMany({ where: { userId: beekeeperId } });
@@ -94,6 +136,8 @@ describe('Queens (e2e)', () => {
       .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${beekeeperToken}`)
       .send({ colonyId })
       .expect(201);
+    // Settle the first assignment's event, so later tests see only their own.
+    await drainDomainEvents(app, [queenId]);
 
     const colony = await request(app.getHttpServer())
       .get(`/api/v1/colonies/${colonyId}`)
@@ -110,6 +154,86 @@ describe('Queens (e2e)', () => {
     expect(history.body).toHaveLength(1);
   });
 
+  it('assigning a queen leaves a calendar entry and a queen.replaced delivery after draining', async () => {
+    jest.spyOn(app.get(CalendarSyncSettingsService), 'get').mockResolvedValue({
+      id: 'singleton',
+      enabled: true,
+      groupId: 'group-e2e',
+      syncTask: true,
+      syncInspection: true,
+      syncTreatment: true,
+      syncFeeding: true,
+      syncHarvest: true,
+      syncQueenAssignment: true,
+      syncWithdrawal: true,
+      updatedAt: new Date(),
+    });
+    subscriptionId = (
+      await prisma.webhookSubscription.create({
+        data: {
+          url: 'https://example.com/hook',
+          events: ['queen.replaced'],
+          secret: 'a'.repeat(64),
+          createdByUserId: beekeeperId,
+        },
+      })
+    ).id;
+    secondColonyId = (
+      await prisma.colony.create({
+        data: {
+          code: `V2-${Date.now()}`,
+          apiaryId,
+          colonyType: 'PRODUCTION_COLONY',
+        },
+      })
+    ).id;
+
+    await request(app.getHttpServer())
+      .post(`/api/v1/queens/${queenId}/assign-colony`)
+      .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${beekeeperToken}`)
+      .send({ colonyId: secondColonyId })
+      .expect(201);
+
+    // Nothing but the event is written in the request.
+    const history = await prisma.queenColonyHistory.findFirstOrThrow({
+      where: { queenId, colonyId: secondColonyId },
+    });
+    expect(
+      await prisma.calendarSyncOutboxEntry.count({
+        where: { sourceType: 'QUEEN_ASSIGNMENT', sourceId: history.id },
+      }),
+    ).toBe(0);
+    expect(
+      await prisma.webhookDelivery.count({
+        where: { subscriptionId },
+      }),
+    ).toBe(0);
+    const event = await prisma.domainEvent.findFirstOrThrow({
+      where: { type: 'QueenAssigned', aggregateId: queenId },
+      orderBy: { occurredAt: 'desc' },
+    });
+    expect(event.payload).toEqual(
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        colonyId: secondColonyId,
+        historyId: history.id,
+        previousColonyId: colonyId,
+      }),
+    );
+
+    await drainDomainEvents(app, [queenId]);
+
+    expect(
+      await prisma.calendarSyncOutboxEntry.count({
+        where: { sourceType: 'QUEEN_ASSIGNMENT', sourceId: history.id },
+      }),
+    ).toBe(1);
+    const deliveries = await prisma.webhookDelivery.findMany({
+      where: { subscriptionId, event: 'queen.replaced' },
+    });
+    expect(deliveries).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(deliveries[0]?.body).toContain(queenId);
+  });
+
   it('adds a queen evaluation and lists it back', async () => {
     await request(app.getHttpServer())
       .post(`/api/v1/queens/${queenId}/evaluations`)

ApiCore-Backend/test/suggestions-api.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,648 @@
+import { INestApplication } from '@nestjs/common';
+import * as bcrypt from 'bcryptjs';
+import request from 'supertest';
+import { App } from 'supertest/types';
+import { PrismaService } from '../src/prisma/prisma.service';
+import type { ProposeInput } from '../src/suggestions/suggestion.types';
+import { login } from './utils/api';
+import { createTestApp } from './utils/create-test-app';
+import { drainDomainEvents } from './utils/domain-events';
+import { proposeForTest } from './utils/suggestions';
+
+interface ViewBody {
+  id: string;
+  title: string;
+  reasons: string[];
+  colonyCode: string | null;
+  apiaryName: string | null;
+  status: string;
+}
+
+const VIEW_KEYS = [
+  'apiaryId',
+  'apiaryName',
+  'cleanup',
+  'colonyCode',
+  'colonyId',
+  'createdAt',
+  'decidedAt',
+  'decisionNote',
+  'dueDate',
+  'expiresAt',
+  'id',
+  'intent',
+  'mode',
+  'plan',
+  'priority',
+  'reasons',
+  'relatedId',
+  'relatedType',
+  'ruleKey',
+  'source',
+  'status',
+  'title',
+];
+const INTERNAL_KEYS = [
+  'evidence',
+  'dedupeKey',
+  'requiredPermission',
+  'decidedByUserId',
+  'reasonCode',
+  'sourceEventId',
+];
+
+function expectViewShape(view: object): void {
+  expect(Object.keys(view).sort()).toEqual(VIEW_KEYS);
+  for (const key of INTERNAL_KEYS) {
+    expect(view).not.toHaveProperty(key);
+  }
+}
+
+/** The suggestion routes against a real PostgreSQL, as real roles. */
+describe('Suggestions API (e2e)', () => {
+  let app: INestApplication<App>;
+  let prisma: PrismaService;
+  const suffix = `${Date.now()}-${Math.round(Math.random() * 1e6)}`;
+  const password = 'SuperSecret123!';
+  const base = '/api/v1/suggestions';
+  const ADMIN_PERMISSIONS = [
+    'tasks:read',
+    'tasks:create',
+    'tasks:update',
+    'inspections:read',
+    'varroa:read',
+    'colonies:read',
+  ];
+  let apiaryId: string;
+  let colonyId: string;
+  let inactiveUserId: string;
+  const roleIds: string[] = [];
+  const userIds: string[] = [];
+  const tokens: Record<
+    'full' | 'noVarroa' | 'readOnly' | 'noUpdate' | 'noTasks',
+    string
+  > = { full: '', noVarroa: '', readOnly: '', noUpdate: '', noTasks: '' };
+  let keyCounter = 0;
+  const nextKey = () => `suggestions-api-${suffix}-${(keyCounter += 1)}-key`;
+
+  const proposal = (anchor: string): ProposeInput => ({
+    ruleKey: 'INSPECTION_INTERVAL',
+    source: 'RULE',
+    mode: 'DO',
+    intent: 'INSPECT',
+    relatedType: 'COLONY',
+    relatedId: colonyId,
+    colonyId,
+    reasonCode: `SUGGESTIONS_API_${suffix}`,
+    evidence: { colonyId },
+    requiredPermission: 'inspections:read',
+    dueDate: '2026-05-12',
+    anchor,
+  });
+
+  const get = (token: string, path: string) =>
+    request(app.getHttpServer())
+      .get(`${base}${path}`)
+      .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`);
+
+  const post = (token: string, path: string, body: object = {}, key?: string) =>
+    request(app.getHttpServer())
+      .post(`${base}${path}`)
+      .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`)
+      .set('Idempotency-Key', key ?? nextKey())
+      .send(body);
+
+  const tasksOf = (suggestionId: string) =>
+    prisma.task.findMany({ where: { sourceSuggestionId: suggestionId } });
+
+  async function createUser(
+    label: string,
+    permissions: string[],
+    isActive = true,
+  ): Promise<{ id: string; token: string }> {
+    const role = await prisma.role.create({
+      data: {
+        key: `SUGGESTIONS_API_${label.toUpperCase()}_${suffix}`,
+        name: `Suggestions API ${label}`,
+        permissions: {
+          create: permissions.map((key) => ({
+            permission: { connect: { key } },
+          })),
+        },
+      },
+    });
+    roleIds.push(role.id);
+    const email = `suggestions-api-${label}-${suffix}@example.com`;
+    const user = await prisma.user.create({
+      data: {
+        email,
+        passwordHash: await bcrypt.hash(password, 12),
+        name: `Suggestions API ${label}`,
+        isActive,
+        role: { connect: { id: role.id } },
+      },
+    });
+    userIds.push(user.id);
+    return {
+      id: user.id,
+      token: isActive ? (await login(app, email, password)).accessToken : '',
+    };
+  }
+
+  beforeAll(async () => {
+    app = await createTestApp();
+    prisma = app.get(PrismaService);
+    apiaryId = (
+      await prisma.apiary.create({ data: { name: `Sug API ${suffix}` } })
+    ).id;
+    colonyId = (
+      await prisma.colony.create({
+        data: {
+          code: `SA-${suffix}`,
+          apiaryId,
+          colonyType: 'PRODUCTION_COLONY',
+        },
+      })
+    ).id;
+    tokens.full = (await createUser('full', ADMIN_PERMISSIONS)).token;
+    tokens.noVarroa = (
+      await createUser(
+        'novarroa',
+        ADMIN_PERMISSIONS.filter((key) => key !== 'varroa:read'),
+      )
+    ).token;
+    tokens.readOnly = (await createUser('readonly', ['tasks:read'])).token;
+    tokens.noUpdate = (
+      await createUser('noupdate', ['tasks:read', 'tasks:create'])
+    ).token;
+    tokens.noTasks = (await createUser('notasks', ['colonies:read'])).token;
+    inactiveUserId = (await createUser('inactive', ['tasks:read'], false)).id;
+  });
+
+  const cleanDb = async () => {
+    const ids = (
+      await prisma.suggestion.findMany({
+        where: { colonyId },
+        select: { id: true },
+      })
+    ).map((row) => row.id);
+    const taskIds = (
+      await prisma.task.findMany({
+        where: { sourceSuggestionId: { in: ids } },
+        select: { id: true },
+      })
+    ).map((row) => row.id);
+    await prisma.domainEvent.deleteMany({
+      where: { aggregateId: { in: taskIds } },
+    });
+    await prisma.calendarSyncOutboxEntry.deleteMany({
+      where: { sourceType: 'TASK', sourceId: { in: taskIds } },
+    });
+    await prisma.task.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: taskIds } } });
+    await prisma.suggestion.deleteMany({ where: { colonyId } });
+  };
+
+  afterEach(cleanDb);
+
+  afterAll(async () => {
+    await cleanDb();
+    await prisma.colony.delete({ where: { id: colonyId } });
+    await prisma.apiary.delete({ where: { id: apiaryId } });
+    await prisma.idempotencyRecord.deleteMany({
+      where: { userId: { in: userIds } },
+    });
+    await prisma.refreshToken.deleteMany({
+      where: { userId: { in: userIds } },
+    });
+    await prisma.auditLog.deleteMany({ where: { userId: { in: userIds } } });
+    await prisma.user.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: userIds } } });
+    await prisma.role.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: roleIds } } });
+    await app.close();
+  });
+
+  it('lists open suggestions with rendered title and reasons', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('a1'));
+
+    const response = await get(tokens.full, `?colonyId=${colonyId}`).expect(
+      200,
+    );
+
+    const [view] = response.body as ViewBody[];
+    expect(view).toMatchObject({
+      id: created.id,
+      title: 'Durchsicht fällig',
+      reasons: [],
+      colonyCode: `SA-${suffix}`,
+      apiaryName: `Sug API ${suffix}`,
+      status: 'OPEN',
+      dueDate: '2026-05-12',
+    });
+    const byApiary = await get(tokens.full, `?apiaryId=${apiaryId}`).expect(
+      200,
+    );
+    expect(byApiary.body).toHaveLength(1);
+    const other = await get(tokens.full, '?apiaryId=none').expect(200);
+    expect(other.body).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('a user without varroa:read sees neither the varroa suggestion nor its count', async () => {
+    await proposeForTest(app, {
+      ...proposal('v1'),
+      ruleKey: 'VARROA_THRESHOLD',
+      intent: 'VARROA_TREAT',
+      requiredPermission: 'varroa:read',
+    });
+
+    const hidden = await get(tokens.noVarroa, `?colonyId=${colonyId}`);
+    const hiddenSummary = await get(tokens.noVarroa, '/summary');
+    const seen = await get(tokens.full, `?colonyId=${colonyId}`);
+    const seenSummary = await get(tokens.full, '/summary');
+
+    expect(hidden.body).toEqual([]);
+    expect((hiddenSummary.body as { open: number }).open).toBe(0);
+    expect(seen.body).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect((seenSummary.body as { open: number }).open).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(
+      1,
+    );
+    expect(
+      (seenSummary.body as { byPriority: Record<string, number> }).byPriority,
+    ).toEqual(
+      expect.objectContaining({ LOW: 0, NORMAL: expect.any(Number) as number }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('answers 404 to a decision on a suggestion the user may not see', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, {
+      ...proposal('v2'),
+      ruleKey: 'VARROA_THRESHOLD',
+      intent: 'VARROA_TREAT',
+      requiredPermission: 'varroa:read',
+    });
+
+    await post(tokens.noVarroa, `/${created.id}/accept`).expect(404);
+    await post(tokens.noVarroa, `/${created.id}/dismiss`).expect(404);
+    await post(tokens.noVarroa, '/bulk-accept', { ids: [created.id] }).expect(
+      404,
+    );
+    await post(tokens.noVarroa, '/bulk-dismiss', { ids: [created.id] }).expect(
+      404,
+    );
+    await post(tokens.full, `/${created.id}/dismiss`).expect(201);
+    await post(tokens.noVarroa, `/${created.id}/reopen`).expect(404);
+    expect(await tasksOf(created.id)).toHaveLength(0);
+  });
+
+  it('accept creates exactly one task with sourceSuggestionId and a calendar delivery', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('c1'));
+
+    const response = await post(tokens.full, `/${created.id}/accept`).expect(
+      201,
+    );
+
+    const tasks = await tasksOf(created.id);
+    expect(tasks).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(tasks[0]).toMatchObject({
+      sourceSuggestionId: created.id,
+      title: 'Durchsicht fällig',
+    });
+    const body = response.body as {
+      suggestion: object & { status: string };
+      tasks: { id: string }[];
+    };
+    expect(Object.keys(body).sort()).toEqual(['suggestion', 'tasks']);
+    expectViewShape(body.suggestion);
+    expect(body.suggestion.status).toBe('ACCEPTED');
+    expect(body.tasks.map((task) => task.id)).toEqual([tasks[0].id]);
+    expect(body.tasks[0]).toMatchObject({
+      sourceSuggestionId: created.id,
+      title: 'Durchsicht fällig',
+    });
+    await drainDomainEvents(app, [tasks[0].id]);
+    const events = await prisma.domainEvent.findMany({
+      where: { aggregateType: 'Task', aggregateId: tasks[0].id },
+      include: { deliveries: true },
+    });
+    expect(events).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(events[0].deliveries).toEqual(
+      expect.arrayContaining([
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          handler: 'calendar-sync.task',
+          status: 'DONE',
+        }),
+      ]),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('a second accept with another key answers 409 and leaves exactly one task', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('c2'));
+    await post(tokens.full, `/${created.id}/accept`).expect(201);
+
+    const second = await post(tokens.full, `/${created.id}/accept`).expect(409);
+
+    expect(second.body).toMatchObject({
+      message: 'Der Vorschlag ist nicht mehr offen.',
+      status: 'ACCEPTED',
+    });
+    expect(await tasksOf(created.id)).toHaveLength(1);
+  });
+
+  it('the same Idempotency-Key replays the first accept', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('c3'));
+    const key = nextKey();
+
+    const first = await post(
+      tokens.full,
+      `/${created.id}/accept`,
+      {},
+      key,
+    ).expect(201);
+    const replay = await post(
+      tokens.full,
+      `/${created.id}/accept`,
+      {},
+      key,
+    ).expect(201);
+
+    expect(replay.body).toEqual(first.body);
+    expect(await tasksOf(created.id)).toHaveLength(1);
+  });
+
+  it('bulk-accept with one non-OPEN id answers 409 and creates no task', async () => {
+    const open = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('b1'));
+    const dismissed = await proposeForTest(app, {
+      ...proposal('b2'),
+      ruleKey: 'QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE_CHECK',
+      intent: 'QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE',
+    });
+    await post(tokens.full, `/${dismissed.id}/dismiss`).expect(201);
+
+    await post(tokens.full, '/bulk-accept', {
+      ids: [open.id, dismissed.id],
+    }).expect(409);
+
+    expect(await tasksOf(open.id)).toHaveLength(0);
+    expect(
+      (await prisma.suggestion.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: open.id } }))
+        .status,
+    ).toBe('OPEN');
+  });
+
+  it('bulk endpoints reject 0 or 51 ids', async () => {
+    const ids51 = Array.from({ length: 51 }, (_, index) => `id-${index}`);
+
+    for (const path of ['/bulk-accept', '/bulk-dismiss']) {
+      await post(tokens.full, path, { ids: [] }).expect(400);
+      await post(tokens.full, path, { ids: ids51 }).expect(400);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it('bulk-dismiss dismisses all given suggestions', async () => {
+    const first = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('d1'));
+    const second = await proposeForTest(app, {
+      ...proposal('d2'),
+      ruleKey: 'QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE_CHECK',
+      intent: 'QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE',
+    });
+
+    const response = await post(tokens.full, '/bulk-dismiss', {
+      ids: [first.id, second.id],
+    }).expect(201);
+
+    expect(response.body).toEqual({ dismissed: 2 });
+  });
+
+  it('accept with an unknown or inactive assignedUserId answers 400 and creates no task', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('u1'));
+
+    await post(tokens.full, `/${created.id}/accept`, {
+      assignedUserId: 'does-not-exist',
+    }).expect(400);
+    const inactive = await post(tokens.full, `/${created.id}/accept`, {
+      assignedUserId: inactiveUserId,
+    }).expect(400);
+
+    expect(inactive.body).toMatchObject({
+      issues: [{ field: 'assignedUserId' }],
+    });
+    expect(await tasksOf(created.id)).toHaveLength(0);
+  });
+
+  it('dismiss then reopen restores OPEN; the dismissed one is listed for 30 days', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('r1'));
+
+    const dismissResponse = await post(tokens.full, `/${created.id}/dismiss`, {
+      note: 'später',
+    }).expect(201);
+    expectViewShape(dismissResponse.body as object);
+    expect(dismissResponse.body).toMatchObject({
+      status: 'DISMISSED',
+      decisionNote: 'später',
+    });
+    const dismissed = await get(
+      tokens.full,
+      `?status=DISMISSED&colonyId=${colonyId}`,
+    ).expect(200);
+    expect(await get(tokens.full, `?colonyId=${colonyId}`)).toMatchObject({
+      body: [],
+    });
+    await prisma.$executeRaw`UPDATE "Suggestion" SET "decidedAt" = now() - interval '31 days' WHERE id = ${created.id}`;
+    const stale = await get(
+      tokens.full,
+      `?status=DISMISSED&colonyId=${colonyId}`,
+    ).expect(200);
+    await prisma.$executeRaw`UPDATE "Suggestion" SET "decidedAt" = now() WHERE id = ${created.id}`;
+    const reopened = await post(tokens.full, `/${created.id}/reopen`).expect(
+      201,
+    );
+
+    expect(dismissed.body).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect((dismissed.body as { decisionNote: string }[])[0]).toMatchObject({
+      decisionNote: 'später',
+    });
+    expect(stale.body).toEqual([]);
+    expectViewShape(reopened.body as object);
+    expect(reopened.body).toMatchObject({ status: 'OPEN' });
+    expect(await get(tokens.full, `?colonyId=${colonyId}`)).toMatchObject({
+      body: [expect.objectContaining({ id: created.id })],
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('rejects a dismiss note over 500 characters', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('n1'));
+
+    await post(tokens.full, `/${created.id}/dismiss`, {
+      note: 'x'.repeat(501),
+    }).expect(400);
+  });
+
+  it('403 without tasks:create on accept and without tasks:update on dismiss', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('p1'));
+
+    await post(tokens.readOnly, `/${created.id}/accept`).expect(403);
+    await post(tokens.readOnly, '/bulk-accept', { ids: [created.id] }).expect(
+      403,
+    );
+    await post(tokens.noUpdate, `/${created.id}/dismiss`).expect(403);
+    await post(tokens.noUpdate, `/${created.id}/reopen`).expect(403);
+    await post(tokens.noUpdate, '/bulk-dismiss', { ids: [created.id] }).expect(
+      403,
+    );
+    await request(app.getHttpServer()).get(base).expect(401);
+  });
+
+  it('bulk-accept answers one result per suggestion in the view shape', async () => {
+    const first = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('ba1'));
+    const second = await proposeForTest(app, {
+      ...proposal('ba2'),
+      ruleKey: 'QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE_CHECK',
+      intent: 'QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE',
+    });
+
+    const response = await post(tokens.full, '/bulk-accept', {
+      ids: [first.id, second.id],
+    }).expect(201);
+
+    const results = response.body as {
+      suggestion: { id: string };
+      tasks: object[];
+    }[];
+    expect(results.map((result) => result.suggestion.id)).toEqual([
+      first.id,
+      second.id,
+    ]);
+    for (const result of results) {
+      expectViewShape(result.suggestion);
+      expect(result.tasks).toHaveLength(1);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it('403 on the list and the summary without tasks:read', async () => {
+    await get(tokens.noTasks, '').expect(403);
+    await get(tokens.noTasks, '/summary').expect(403);
+  });
+
+  it('rejects an invalid status, a datetime dueDate and a bad limit with 400', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('v400'));
+
+    await get(tokens.full, '?status=NOPE').expect(400);
+    await get(tokens.full, '?limit=501').expect(400);
+    await get(tokens.full, '?limit=0').expect(400);
+    await get(tokens.full, '?offset=-1').expect(400);
+    const response = await post(tokens.full, `/${created.id}/accept`, {
+      dueDate: '2026-05-12T10:00:00Z',
+    }).expect(400);
+
+    expect(JSON.stringify(response.body)).toContain('JJJJ-MM-TT');
+    expect(await tasksOf(created.id)).toHaveLength(0);
+  });
+
+  it('limit and offset page through the list', async () => {
+    await proposeForTest(app, proposal('l1'));
+    await proposeForTest(app, {
+      ...proposal('l2'),
+      ruleKey: 'QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE_CHECK',
+      intent: 'QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE',
+    });
+    const all = (await get(tokens.full, `?colonyId=${colonyId}`).expect(200))
+      .body as ViewBody[];
+
+    const first = (
+      await get(tokens.full, `?colonyId=${colonyId}&limit=1`).expect(200)
+    ).body as ViewBody[];
+    const second = (
+      await get(tokens.full, `?colonyId=${colonyId}&limit=1&offset=1`).expect(
+        200,
+      )
+    ).body as ViewBody[];
+
+    expect(all).toHaveLength(2);
+    expect(first.map((view) => view.id)).toEqual([all[0].id]);
+    expect(second.map((view) => view.id)).toEqual([all[1].id]);
+  });
+
+  it('combines the apiaryId filter with status and colonyId', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('f1'));
+    await post(tokens.full, `/${created.id}/dismiss`).expect(201);
+
+    const hit = await get(
+      tokens.full,
+      `?apiaryId=${apiaryId}&colonyId=${colonyId}&status=DISMISSED`,
+    ).expect(200);
+    const wrongStatus = await get(
+      tokens.full,
+      `?apiaryId=${apiaryId}&colonyId=${colonyId}&status=OPEN`,
+    ).expect(200);
+    const wrongApiary = await get(
+      tokens.full,
+      `?apiaryId=none&colonyId=${colonyId}&status=DISMISSED`,
+    ).expect(200);
+
+    expect((hit.body as ViewBody[]).map((view) => view.id)).toEqual([
+      created.id,
+    ]);
+    expect(wrongStatus.body).toEqual([]);
+    expect(wrongApiary.body).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('sorts by due date (none last), then priority (highest first)', async () => {
+    const mk = (
+      anchor: string,
+      intent: ProposeInput['intent'],
+      priority: ProposeInput['priority'],
+      dueDate: string | null,
+    ) =>
+      proposeForTest(app, { ...proposal(anchor), intent, priority, dueDate });
+    const undated = await mk('s1', 'QUEEN_CHECK', 'URGENT', null);
+    const normal = await mk('s2', 'INSPECT', 'NORMAL', '2026-05-12');
+    const urgent = await mk('s3', 'SWARM_CHECK', 'URGENT', '2026-05-12');
+    const early = await mk('s4', 'HEALTH_CHECK', 'LOW', '2026-05-10');
+
+    const response = await get(tokens.full, `?colonyId=${colonyId}`).expect(
+      200,
+    );
+
+    expect((response.body as ViewBody[]).map((view) => view.id)).toEqual([
+      early.id,
+      urgent.id,
+      normal.id,
+      undated.id,
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('shows the cleanup payload from the openTaskIds evidence', async () => {
+    await proposeForTest(app, {
+      ...proposal('cl1'),
+      ruleKey: 'COLONY_ENDED_CLEANUP',
+      intent: 'CLEANUP',
+      requiredPermission: 'colonies:read',
+      evidence: {
+        colonyId,
+        status: 'DECEASED',
+        endedOn: '2026-03-12',
+        via: 'winter',
+        openTaskIds: ['t_a', 't_b'],
+        queenId: 'q_1',
+      },
+    });
+    await proposeForTest(app, { ...proposal('cl2'), intent: 'QUEEN_CHECK' });
+
+    const views = (await get(tokens.full, `?colonyId=${colonyId}`).expect(200))
+      .body as { intent: string; cleanup: unknown }[];
+
+    expect(views.find((v) => v.intent === 'CLEANUP')?.cleanup).toEqual({
+      taskIds: ['t_a', 't_b'],
+      queenId: 'q_1',
+    });
+    expect(views.find((v) => v.intent === 'QUEEN_CHECK')?.cleanup).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it('bulk-dismiss answers { dismissed } only', async () => {
+    const created = await proposeForTest(app, proposal('bd1'));
+
+    const response = await post(tokens.full, '/bulk-dismiss', {
+      ids: [created.id],
+    }).expect(201);
+
+    expect(response.body).toEqual({ dismissed: 1 });
+  });
+});

ApiCore-Backend/test/t4-migrations.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@ import {
 const FEED_VOCABULARY = '20261014100200_t4_feed_vocabulary';
 const SPLIT_QUEEN_SOURCE = '20261014100300_t4_split_queen_source';
 const VARROA_SAMPLE_SIZE = '20261014100400_t4_varroa_sample_size';
+const NOTIFICATION_FANOUT = '20261014100500_t4_notification_fanout';
+const OCCUPIED_FRAMES = '20261014100700_t4_occupied_frames';
+const NOTIFICATION_SETTINGS = '20261014100800_t4_notification_settings';
 
-const TIMEOUT_MS = 120_000;
+const TIMEOUT_MS = 240_000;
 
 interface InspectionSeed {
   id: string;
@@ -36,6 +39,48 @@ async function seedColony(db: ScratchDatabase): Promise<void> {
   );
 }
 
+/** Two active users and one inactive one, plus the role they need. */
+async function seedUsers(db: ScratchDatabase): Promise<void> {
+  await db.query(
+    `INSERT INTO "Role" ("id", "key", "name", "updatedAt")
+     VALUES ('role-1', 'MIG_TEST', 'Migration test', now())`,
+  );
+  for (const [id, active] of [
+    ['user-a', true],
+    ['user-b', true],
+    ['user-c', false],
+  ] as const) {
+    await db.query(
+      `INSERT INTO "User" ("id", "email", "passwordHash", "name", "roleId", "isActive", "updatedAt")
+       VALUES ($1, $2, 'x', $1, 'role-1', $3, now())`,
+      [id, `${id}@example.com`, active],
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+async function seedNotification(
+  db: ScratchDatabase,
+  row: {
+    id: string;
+    userId: string | null;
+    relatedType: string | null;
+    read?: boolean;
+    createdAt?: string;
+  },
+): Promise<void> {
+  await db.query(
+    `INSERT INTO "Notification" ("id", "userId", "priority", "message", "relatedType", "read", "createdAt")
+     VALUES ($1, $2, 'WARNUNG', 'm', $3, $4, $5)`,
+    [
+      row.id,
+      row.userId,
+      row.relatedType,
+      row.read ?? false,
+      row.createdAt ?? '2026-05-01T10:00:00Z',
+    ],
+  );
+}
+
 async function seedInspections(
   db: ScratchDatabase,
   seeds: InspectionSeed[],
@@ -215,4 +260,215 @@ describe('T4 schema II migrations (e2e)', () => {
     },
     TIMEOUT_MS,
   );
+
+  it(
+    'broadcasts are copied per active user with their read flag',
+    async () => {
+      db = await createScratchDatabase(NOTIFICATION_FANOUT);
+      await seedUsers(db);
+      await seedNotification(db, {
+        id: 'broadcast',
+        userId: null,
+        relatedType: 'COLONY',
+        read: true,
+        createdAt: '2026-04-01T08:00:00Z',
+      });
+      await seedNotification(db, {
+        id: 'personal',
+        userId: 'user-c',
+        relatedType: 'COLONY',
+      });
+
+      const [{ createdAt }] = await db.query<{ createdAt: string }>(
+        `SELECT "createdAt"::text AS "createdAt" FROM "Notification" WHERE "id" = 'broadcast'`,
+      );
+
+      await db.migrateThrough(NOTIFICATION_FANOUT);
+
+      const rows = await db.query<{
+        userId: string;
+        read: boolean;
+        createdAt: string;
+      }>(
+        `SELECT "userId", "read", "createdAt"::text AS "createdAt"
+         FROM "Notification" `,
+      );
+      rows.sort((a, b) => (a.userId < b.userId ? -1 : 1));
+      expect(rows.map(({ userId, read }) => ({ userId, read }))).toEqual([
+        { userId: 'user-a', read: true },
+        { userId: 'user-b', read: true },
+        { userId: 'user-c', read: false },
+      ]);
+      expect(rows[0].createdAt).toBe(createdAt);
+      expect(rows[1].createdAt).toBe(createdAt);
+      expect(
+        await db.query(
+          `SELECT is_nullable FROM information_schema.columns
+           WHERE table_schema = current_schema() AND table_name = 'Notification' AND column_name = 'userId'`,
+        ),
+      ).toEqual([{ is_nullable: 'NO' }]);
+    },
+    TIMEOUT_MS,
+  );
+
+  it(
+    'drops broadcasts when no user is active and keeps the personal rows',
+    async () => {
+      db = await createScratchDatabase(NOTIFICATION_FANOUT);
+      await db.query(
+        `INSERT INTO "Role" ("id", "key", "name", "updatedAt")
+         VALUES ('role-1', 'MIG_TEST', 'Migration test', now())`,
+      );
+      await db.query(
+        `INSERT INTO "User" ("id", "email", "passwordHash", "name", "roleId", "isActive", "updatedAt")
+         VALUES ('user-x', '[email protected]', 'x', 'x', 'role-1', false, now())`,
+      );
+      await seedNotification(db, {
+        id: 'broadcast',
+        userId: null,
+        relatedType: null,
+      });
+      await seedNotification(db, {
+        id: 'personal',
+        userId: 'user-x',
+        relatedType: null,
+      });
+
+      await db.migrateThrough(NOTIFICATION_FANOUT);
+
+      expect(await db.query('SELECT "id" FROM "Notification"')).toEqual([
+        { id: 'personal' },
+      ]);
+    },
+    TIMEOUT_MS,
+  );
+
+  it(
+    'copies carry no dedupeKey, old rows get empty requiredPermissions, and the preference defaults hold',
+    async () => {
+      db = await createScratchDatabase(NOTIFICATION_FANOUT);
+      await seedUsers(db);
+      await seedNotification(db, {
+        id: 'broadcast',
+        userId: null,
+        relatedType: 'COLONY',
+      });
+      await seedNotification(db, {
+        id: 'personal',
+        userId: 'user-a',
+        relatedType: 'COLONY',
+      });
+
+      await db.migrateThrough(NOTIFICATION_SETTINGS);
+
+      expect(
+        await db.query(
+          `SELECT count(*)::int AS "rows",
+                  count("dedupeKey")::int AS "keys",
+                  count(*) FILTER (WHERE "requiredPermissions" = '{}')::int AS "emptyPermissions",
+                  count("link")::int AS "links"
+           FROM "Notification"`,
+        ),
+      ).toEqual([{ rows: 3, keys: 0, emptyPermissions: 3, links: 0 }]);
+
+      await db.query(
+        `INSERT INTO "NotificationPreference" ("userId", "updatedAt") VALUES ('user-a', now())`,
+      );
+      expect(
+        await db.query(
+          `SELECT "taskDueEnabled", "digestEnabled", "digestTime", "quietFrom", "quietUntil",
+                  "telegramEnabled", "telegramCategories"::text AS "telegramCategories", "telegramDetail"
+           FROM "NotificationPreference"`,
+        ),
+      ).toEqual([
+        {
+          taskDueEnabled: true,
+          digestEnabled: true,
+          digestTime: '06:30',
+          quietFrom: '21:00',
+          quietUntil: '06:30',
+          telegramEnabled: false,
+          telegramCategories: '{TASK_DUE,DIGEST}',
+          telegramDetail: true,
+        },
+      ]);
+    },
+    TIMEOUT_MS,
+  );
+
+  it(
+    'legacy job-failure rows (relatedType JobRun) and rows without relatedType get SYSTEM, all others SUGGESTION, before NOT NULL',
+    async () => {
+      db = await createScratchDatabase(NOTIFICATION_FANOUT);
+      await seedUsers(db);
+      await seedNotification(db, {
+        id: 'n-job',
+        userId: 'user-a',
+        relatedType: 'JobRun',
+      });
+      await seedNotification(db, {
+        id: 'n-none',
+        userId: 'user-a',
+        relatedType: null,
+      });
+      await seedNotification(db, {
+        id: 'n-colony',
+        userId: 'user-a',
+        relatedType: 'COLONY',
+      });
+      await seedNotification(db, {
+        id: 'n-broadcast',
+        userId: null,
+        relatedType: 'JobRun',
+      });
+
+      await db.migrateThrough(NOTIFICATION_SETTINGS);
+
+      expect(
+        await db.query(
+          `SELECT "id", "category" FROM "Notification" WHERE "id" LIKE 'n-%' ORDER BY "id"`,
+        ),
+      ).toEqual([
+        { id: 'n-colony', category: 'SUGGESTION' },
+        { id: 'n-job', category: 'SYSTEM' },
+        { id: 'n-none', category: 'SYSTEM' },
+      ]);
+      // The broadcast copies carry relatedType JobRun too.
+      expect(
+        await db.query(
+          `SELECT DISTINCT "category" FROM "Notification" WHERE "relatedType" = 'JobRun' AND "id" NOT LIKE 'n-%'`,
+        ),
+      ).toEqual([{ category: 'SYSTEM' }]);
+      expect(
+        await db.query(
+          `SELECT is_nullable FROM information_schema.columns
+           WHERE table_schema = current_schema() AND table_name = 'Notification' AND column_name = 'category'`,
+        ),
+      ).toEqual([{ is_nullable: 'NO' }]);
+    },
+    TIMEOUT_MS,
+  );
+
+  it(
+    'occupied frames migration leaves strength untouched',
+    async () => {
+      db = await createScratchDatabase(OCCUPIED_FRAMES);
+      await seedColony(db);
+      await db.query(`UPDATE "Colony" SET "strength" = 7`);
+
+      await db.migrateThrough(OCCUPIED_FRAMES);
+
+      expect(
+        await db.query('SELECT "strength", "occupiedFrames" FROM "Colony"'),
+      ).toEqual([{ strength: 7, occupiedFrames: null }]);
+      await db.query(`UPDATE "Colony" SET "occupiedFrames" = 40`);
+      await expect(
+        db.query(`UPDATE "Colony" SET "occupiedFrames" = 41`),
+      ).rejects.toThrow();
+      await expect(
+        db.query(`UPDATE "Colony" SET "occupiedFrames" = -1`),
+      ).rejects.toThrow();
+    },
+    TIMEOUT_MS,
+  );
 });

ApiCore-Backend/test/treatments.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ describe('Treatments (e2e)', () => {
 
     it('accepts a full ISO timestamp', async () => {
       await expect(
-        withdrawalStatusAt('2026-07-14T23:59:59.000Z'),
+        withdrawalStatusAt('2026-07-14T23:59:59+02:00'),
       ).resolves.toHaveLength(1);
     });
 

ApiCore-Backend/test/utils/suggestions.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import { INestApplicationContext } from '@nestjs/common';
+import type { Suggestion } from '../../generated/prisma';
+import { PrismaService } from '../../src/prisma/prisma.service';
+import { SuggestionsService } from '../../src/suggestions/suggestions.service';
+import type { ProposeInput } from '../../src/suggestions/suggestion.types';
+
+/**
+ * Proposes a suggestion in its own transaction, as a rule handler would.
+ * Throws when nothing was proposed (anchor or intent already taken), so a
+ * test never works with a suggestion that does not exist.
+ */
+export async function proposeForTest(
+  app: INestApplicationContext,
+  input: ProposeInput,
+): Promise<Suggestion> {
+  const prisma = app.get(PrismaService);
+  const service = app.get(SuggestionsService);
+  const created = await prisma.$transaction((tx) =>
+    service.proposeIn(tx, input),
+  );
+  if (created === null) {
+    throw new Error(`proposeForTest: nothing proposed for ${input.anchor}`);
+  }
+  return created;
+}

ApiCore-Backend/test/varroa-seasonal.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+import { INestApplication } from '@nestjs/common';
+import * as bcrypt from 'bcryptjs';
+import request from 'supertest';
+import { App } from 'supertest/types';
+import { PrismaService } from '../src/prisma/prisma.service';
+import { createTestApp } from './utils/create-test-app';
+import { login } from './utils/api';
+
+interface BandBody {
+  yellowFrom: number | null;
+  redAbove: number;
+  reason: string;
+  youngColony: boolean;
+}
+
+interface ThresholdsBody {
+  day: string;
+  active: boolean;
+  bands: Record<string, BandBody | undefined>;
+  postTreatmentUntil: string | null;
+}
+
+interface RatedMeasurementBody {
+  id: string;
+  rating: {
+    light: string | null;
+    reasonCode: string | null;
+    band: BandBody | null;
+    postTreatmentUntil: string | null;
+  };
+}
+
+describe('Varroa seasonal bands (e2e)', () => {
+  let app: INestApplication<App>;
+  let prisma: PrismaService;
+  const suffix = Date.now();
+  const email = `varroa-seasonal-${suffix}@example.com`;
+  const password = 'SuperSecret123!';
+  let userId: string;
+  let token: string;
+  let apiaryId: string;
+  let productionColonyId: string;
+  let youngColonyId: string;
+
+  const get = (path: string) =>
+    request(app.getHttpServer())
+      .get(`/api/v1${path}`)
+      .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`);
+
+  beforeAll(async () => {
+    app = await createTestApp();
+    prisma = app.get(PrismaService);
+    const user = await prisma.user.create({
+      data: {
+        email,
+        passwordHash: await bcrypt.hash(password, 12),
+        name: 'Varroa seasonal',
+        role: { connect: { key: 'BEEKEEPER' } },
+      },
+    });
+    userId = user.id;
+    token = (await login(app, email, password)).accessToken;
+    apiaryId = (
+      await prisma.apiary.create({ data: { name: `Stand ${suffix}` } })
+    ).id;
+    productionColonyId = (
+      await prisma.colony.create({
+        data: {
+          code: `VS-P-${suffix}`,
+          apiaryId,
+          colonyType: 'PRODUCTION_COLONY',
+        },
+      })
+    ).id;
+    youngColonyId = (
+      await prisma.colony.create({
+        data: { code: `VS-Y-${suffix}`, apiaryId, colonyType: 'YOUNG_COLONY' },
+      })
+    ).id;
+  });
+
+  afterAll(async () => {
+    const colonyIds = [productionColonyId, youngColonyId];
+    await prisma.treatment.deleteMany({
+      where: { colonyId: { in: colonyIds } },
+    });
+    await prisma.varroaMeasurement.deleteMany({
+      where: { colonyId: { in: colonyIds } },
+    });
+    await prisma.colony.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: colonyIds } } });
+    await prisma.apiary.deleteMany({ where: { id: apiaryId } });
+    await prisma.refreshToken.deleteMany({ where: { userId } });
+    await prisma.auditLog.deleteMany({ where: { userId } });
+    await prisma.user.deleteMany({ where: { id: userId } });
+    await app.close();
+  });
+
+  it('thresholds for a young colony are halved', async () => {
+    const full = (
+      await get(
+        `/varroa-measurements/thresholds?colonyId=${productionColonyId}&date=2026-06-10`,
+      ).expect(200)
+    ).body as ThresholdsBody;
+    const young = (
+      await get(
+        `/varroa-measurements/thresholds?colonyId=${youngColonyId}&date=2026-06-10`,
+      ).expect(200)
+    ).body as ThresholdsBody;
+
+    expect(full.bands.NATURAL_MITE_FALL).toMatchObject({
+      yellowFrom: 5,
+      redAbove: 10,
+      reason: 'NATURAL_FALL_SEASON',
+      youngColony: false,
+    });
+    expect(young.bands.NATURAL_MITE_FALL).toMatchObject({
+      yellowFrom: 2.5,
+      redAbove: 5,
+      youngColony: true,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('thresholds return no band for powdered sugar in April', async () => {
+    const body = (
+      await get(
+        `/varroa-measurements/thresholds?colonyId=${productionColonyId}&date=2026-04-10`,
+      ).expect(200)
+    ).body as ThresholdsBody;
+
+    expect(body.bands.POWDERED_SUGAR).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(body.bands.NATURAL_MITE_FALL).toBeDefined();
+  });
+
+  it('thresholds reject an unknown colony and an invalid date', async () => {
+    await get('/varroa-measurements/thresholds?colonyId=unknown').expect(404);
+    await get('/varroa-measurements/thresholds?date=2026-02-30').expect(400);
+    await get('/varroa-measurements/thresholds?date=10.08.2026').expect(400);
+  });
+
+  it('the old /threshold route is gone (404)', async () => {
+    await get('/varroa-measurements/threshold').expect(404);
+  });
+
+  it('colony measurements carry a rating with band and light', async () => {
+    const create = (body: object) =>
+      request(app.getHttpServer())
+        .post('/api/v1/varroa-measurements')
+        .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`)
+        .send(body)
+        .expect(201);
+    const red = (
+      await create({
+        colonyId: productionColonyId,
+        date: '2026-08-10T00:00:00.000Z',
+        method: 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL',
+        miteCount: 22,
+        durationMinutes: 1440,
+      })
+    ).body as { id: string; calculatedValue: number };
+    const percent = (
+      await create({
+        colonyId: productionColonyId,
+        date: '2026-07-10T00:00:00.000Z',
+        method: 'POWDERED_SUGAR',
+        miteCount: 10,
+        sampleBees: 500,
+      })
+    ).body as { id: string; calculatedValue: number };
+    expect(percent.calculatedValue).toBe(2);
+
+    const rated = (
+      await get(`/colonies/${productionColonyId}/varroa-measurements`).expect(
+        200,
+      )
+    ).body as RatedMeasurementBody[];
+
+    const byId = new Map(rated.map((entry) => [entry.id, entry.rating]));
+    expect(byId.get(red.id)).toMatchObject({
+      light: 'red',
+      reasonCode: 'NATURAL_FALL_SEASON',
+      band: { yellowFrom: 5, redAbove: 10 },
+      postTreatmentUntil: null,
+    });
+    expect(byId.get(percent.id)).toMatchObject({
+      light: 'yellow',
+      reasonCode: 'INFESTATION_SUMMER',
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('a measurement after a treatment has no light and names the recheck day', async () => {
+    await prisma.treatment.create({
+      data: {
+        colonyId: youngColonyId,
+        userId,
+        date: new Date('2026-08-02T00:00:00.000Z'),
+        startDate: new Date('2026-07-20T00:00:00.000Z'),
+        product: 'Oxuvar',
+      },
+    });
+    const created = (
+      await request(app.getHttpServer())
+        .post('/api/v1/varroa-measurements')
+        .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`)
+        .send({
+          colonyId: youngColonyId,
+          date: '2026-08-07T00:00:00.000Z',
+          method: 'NATURAL_MITE_FALL',
+          calculatedValue: 12,
+        })
+        .expect(201)
+    ).body as { id: string };
+
+    const rated = (
+      await get(`/colonies/${youngColonyId}/varroa-measurements`).expect(200)
+    ).body as RatedMeasurementBody[];
+
+    expect(rated.find((entry) => entry.id === created.id)?.rating).toEqual({
+      light: 'POST_TREATMENT',
+      reasonCode: 'POST_TREATMENT',
+      band: null,
+      postTreatmentUntil: '2026-08-16',
+    });
+  });
+});

ApiCore-Backend/test/varroa.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -232,28 +232,27 @@ describe('Varroa measurements (e2e)', () => {
     expect(measurements.some((entry) => entry.id === measurementId)).toBe(true);
   });
 
-  describe('GET /varroa-measurements/threshold', () => {
-    const thresholdBody = (token: string) =>
+  describe('GET /varroa-measurements/thresholds', () => {
+    const thresholdsBody = (token: string, query = '') =>
       request(app.getHttpServer())
-        .get('/api/v1/varroa-measurements/threshold')
+        .get(`/api/v1/varroa-measurements/thresholds${query}`)
         .set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`);
 
-    it('returns the threshold shape and is not shadowed by :id', async () => {
-      const response = await thresholdBody(staffToken).expect(200);
+    it('returns the bands shape and is not shadowed by :id', async () => {
+      const response = await thresholdsBody(staffToken).expect(200);
 
-      const body = response.body as { thresholdMitesPerDay: number | null };
-      expect(Object.keys(body)).toEqual(['thresholdMitesPerDay']);
-      expect(
-        body.thresholdMitesPerDay === null ||
-          typeof body.thresholdMitesPerDay === 'number',
-      ).toBe(true);
+      const body = response.body as { day: string; active: boolean };
+      expect(Object.keys(body).sort()).toEqual(
+        ['active', 'bands', 'day', 'postTreatmentUntil'].sort(),
+      );
+      expect(typeof body.active).toBe('boolean');
     });
 
     // The shared rule is never written here (parallel e2e workers); the
-    // inactive / custom value cases are covered by varroa-threshold.spec.ts.
+    // inactive / custom value cases are covered by the unit specs.
 
     it('rejects a role without any varroa permission', () =>
-      thresholdBody(noVarroaToken).expect(403));
+      thresholdsBody(noVarroaToken).expect(403));
   });
 
   describe('POST /varroa-measurements/bulk', () => {