feat: T4 waves 1-2 - rule configs, schema, suggestions core, season, rule forms

- Rule configs with typed parsers and registry; Berlin day helpers
- Schema: T4 enums, Suggestion table, feed vocabulary (feedStatus as
  ColonyCondition with legacy text mapping), split queen source,
  varroa sample size; migration harness for data migrations
- SuggestionsService: propose/refresh/resolve/obsolete/expire,
  accept/dismiss/reopen incl. bulk, lock order, concurrency e2e
- SeasonService: phenology-based segments, inspection/varroa due dates,
  queen age; TimeEventsStep with JobPartialFailure
- Frontend: per-rule settings forms with visible value sources

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <[email protected]>

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/automation.service.spec.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Logger, NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { BadRequestException, Logger, NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { AutomationService } from './automation.service';
 import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
 import { AuditLogService } from '../audit/audit-log.service';
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
       createMany: jest.Mock;
       findMany: jest.Mock;
       findUnique: jest.Mock;
+      update: jest.Mock;
     };
     task: { findFirst: jest.Mock };
     $queryRaw: jest.Mock;
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
         createMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ count: 0 }),
         findMany: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
         findUnique: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(null),
+        update: jest.fn(),
       },
       task: { findFirst: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(null) },
       $queryRaw: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
@@ -438,7 +440,7 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
       expect(tasks.createInTx).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
 
-    it('triggers when feed status is kritisch, case-insensitive', async () => {
+    it('triggers when feed status is CRITICAL', async () => {
       tx.automationRule.findMany.mockResolvedValue([feedRule]);
 
       await service.evaluateInspectionIn(asTx(), {
@@ -446,7 +448,7 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
         colonyId: 'colony-1',
         queenSeen: true,
         eggsPresent: true,
-        feedStatus: 'Kritisch',
+        feedStatus: 'CRITICAL',
       } as never);
 
       expect(tasks.createInTx).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
@@ -461,7 +463,7 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
 
       await service.evaluateInspectionIn(asTx(), {
         ...queenlessInspection,
-        feedStatus: 'kritisch',
+        feedStatus: 'CRITICAL',
       } as never);
 
       expect(tasks.createInTx).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -917,9 +919,55 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
   });
 
   describe('update', () => {
-    it('records an audit log entry with before/after data', async () => {
-      prisma.automationRule.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(varroaRule);
-      prisma.automationRule.update.mockResolvedValue({
+    // The rule row is locked first, then read, so "before" is the committed
+    // state at the moment of the write.
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      tx.$queryRaw.mockResolvedValue([{ locked: 1 }]);
+    });
+
+    it('locks the rule row and reads before inside the transaction', async () => {
+      const calls: string[] = [];
+      tx.$queryRaw.mockImplementation(() => {
+        calls.push('lock');
+        return Promise.resolve([{ locked: 1 }]);
+      });
+      tx.automationRule.findUnique.mockImplementation(() => {
+        calls.push('read');
+        return Promise.resolve(varroaRule);
+      });
+      tx.automationRule.update.mockImplementation(() => {
+        calls.push('write');
+        return Promise.resolve({ ...varroaRule, active: false });
+      });
+      auditLog.record.mockImplementation(() => {
+        calls.push('audit');
+        return Promise.resolve();
+      });
+
+      await service.update('rule-3', { active: false }, 'user-1');
+
+      expect(calls).toEqual(['lock', 'read', 'write', 'audit']);
+      const [[lockQuery]] = tx.$queryRaw.mock.calls as [[Prisma.Sql]];
+      expect(lockQuery.sql).toContain('FROM "AutomationRule"');
+      expect(lockQuery.sql).toContain('FOR UPDATE');
+      expect(lockQuery.values).toEqual(['rule-3']);
+      // Nothing is read or written outside the transaction.
+      expect(prisma.automationRule.findUnique).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(prisma.automationRule.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('answers 404 when the rule does not exist', async () => {
+      tx.$queryRaw.mockResolvedValue([]);
+
+      await expect(
+        service.update('missing', { active: false }, 'user-1'),
+      ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(NotFoundException);
+      expect(tx.automationRule.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('records an audit log entry with before/after data in the transaction', async () => {
+      tx.automationRule.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(varroaRule);
+      tx.automationRule.update.mockResolvedValue({
         ...varroaRule,
         active: false,
       });
@@ -931,20 +979,22 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
           entityType: 'AutomationRule',
           entityId: 'rule-3',
           action: 'UPDATE',
+          beforeData: varroaRule,
         }),
+        tx,
       );
     });
 
     it('clears the config on null so the rule falls back to its defaults', async () => {
-      prisma.automationRule.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(varroaRule);
-      prisma.automationRule.update.mockResolvedValue({
+      tx.automationRule.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(varroaRule);
+      tx.automationRule.update.mockResolvedValue({
         ...varroaRule,
         config: null,
       });
 
       await service.update('rule-3', { config: null as never }, 'user-1');
 
-      const [[updateArg]] = prisma.automationRule.update.mock.calls as [
+      const [[updateArg]] = tx.automationRule.update.mock.calls as [
         [{ data: { config?: unknown } }],
       ];
       // A Json column is cleared with DbNull - a plain null fails the write.
@@ -952,16 +1002,60 @@ describe('AutomationService', () => {
     });
 
     it('leaves the config untouched when it is omitted', async () => {
-      prisma.automationRule.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(varroaRule);
-      prisma.automationRule.update.mockResolvedValue(varroaRule);
+      tx.automationRule.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(varroaRule);
+      tx.automationRule.update.mockResolvedValue(varroaRule);
 
       await service.update('rule-3', { active: true }, 'user-1');
 
-      const [[updateArg]] = prisma.automationRule.update.mock.calls as [
+      const [[updateArg]] = tx.automationRule.update.mock.calls as [
         [{ data: { config?: unknown } }],
       ];
       expect(updateArg.data.config).toBeUndefined();
     });
+
+    it('rejects an invalid known value with the field and writes nothing', async () => {
+      tx.automationRule.findUnique.mockResolvedValue({
+        ...varroaRule,
+        id: 'rule-9',
+        triggerType: 'SEASON_AUTOPILOT',
+        config: {},
+      });
+
+      const result = service.update(
+        'rule-9',
+        { config: { queenMaxAgeYears: 0, somethingElse: true } },
+        'user-1',
+      );
+
+      await expect(result).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(BadRequestException);
+      await expect(result).rejects.toMatchObject({
+        response: {
+          message: 'Die Einstellung ist ungültig.',
+          issues: [{ field: 'queenMaxAgeYears' }],
+        },
+      });
+      expect(tx.automationRule.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(auditLog.record).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('keeps unknown keys of a valid config as sent', async () => {
+      tx.automationRule.findUnique.mockResolvedValue(varroaRule);
+      tx.automationRule.update.mockResolvedValue(varroaRule);
+
+      await service.update(
+        'rule-3',
+        { config: { thresholdMitesPerDay: 7, somethingElse: true } },
+        'user-1',
+      );
+
+      const [[updateArg]] = tx.automationRule.update.mock.calls as [
+        [{ data: { config?: unknown } }],
+      ];
+      expect(updateArg.data.config).toEqual({
+        thresholdMitesPerDay: 7,
+        somethingElse: true,
+      });
+    });
   });
 
   describe('generateNumber', () => {

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/automation.service.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
-import { Injectable, Logger, NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import {
+  BadRequestException,
+  Injectable,
+  Logger,
+  NotFoundException,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
 import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
+import { lockRowForUpdate } from '../prisma/row-lock';
 import { assertTransactionClient, DbClient } from '../prisma/db-client';
 import { runAfterCommit } from '../common/after-commit';
 import { AuditLogService } from '../audit/audit-log.service';
@@ -21,6 +27,7 @@ import {
 } from '../../generated/prisma';
 import { UpdateAutomationRuleDto } from './dto/update-automation-rule.dto';
 import { formatGeneratedNumber } from './number-format';
+import { DEFAULT_RULES, validateRuleConfig } from './rule-config';
 import { varroaThresholdOf } from './varroa-threshold';
 
 type Tx = Prisma.TransactionClient;
@@ -56,84 +63,6 @@ function isUniqueViolation(error: unknown): boolean {
   );
 }
 
-interface RuleDefaults {
-  config: Record<string, unknown>;
-  actionTemplate: string;
-  /** Rules without a sensible built-in setting start switched off. */
-  active?: boolean;
-}
-
-const DEFAULT_RULES: Record<AutomationTriggerType, RuleDefaults> = {
-  QUEENLESS_NO_EGGS: {
-    config: {},
-    actionTemplate:
-      'Kontrolle empfohlen: Königin nicht gesehen und keine Stifte vorhanden.',
-  },
-  VARROA_THRESHOLD: {
-    config: { thresholdMitesPerDay: 10 },
-    actionTemplate: 'Behandlung prüfen: Varroa-Schwellenwert überschritten.',
-  },
-  FEED_STATUS_CRITICAL: {
-    config: {},
-    actionTemplate: 'Fütterung erforderlich: Futterstatus kritisch.',
-  },
-  SWARM_MOOD_HIGH: {
-    config: {},
-    actionTemplate:
-      'Schwarmkontrolle dringend: hohe Schwarmstimmung festgestellt.',
-  },
-  COLONY_HEALTH_CRITICAL: {
-    config: {},
-    actionTemplate: 'Kontrolle erforderlich: Gesundheitsstatus kritisch.',
-  },
-  STOCK_ITEM_LOW: {
-    config: {},
-    actionTemplate: 'Nachbestellung prüfen: Lagerartikel unter Mindestbestand.',
-  },
-  // Not task-generating rules like the ones above - `active` here toggles
-  // whether HoneyBatchesService/BottlingService auto-fill the batch/lot
-  // number from `config.format` instead of requiring manual entry.
-  HONEY_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT: {
-    config: { format: 'WH-{YYYY}-{SEQ:4}' },
-    actionTemplate: '',
-  },
-  BOTTLING_LOT_NUMBER_FORMAT: {
-    config: { format: 'WH-{YYYY}-{SEQ:4}' },
-    actionTemplate: '',
-  },
-  // {ART} (WA/PR) gives wax and propolis a counter each.
-  RAW_MATERIAL_LOT_NUMBER_FORMAT: {
-    config: { format: '{ART}-{YYYY}-{SEQ:4}' },
-    actionTemplate: '',
-  },
-  PRODUCTION_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT: {
-    config: { format: 'HS-{YYYY}-{SEQ:4}' },
-    actionTemplate: '',
-  },
-  // The raw-material counterpart of STOCK_ITEM_LOW. Raw material lots carry
-  // no minimum of their own, so the minimum per kind (config.minGrams) lives
-  // here - and without one there is nothing to compare, hence off by default.
-  RAW_MATERIAL_LOW: {
-    config: {},
-    actionTemplate: 'Rohstoff unter Mindestmenge: Nachschub einplanen.',
-    active: false,
-  },
-  // Follow-up checks: how many days after a treatment or feeding a check
-  // makes sense depends on the product and the season, so there is no
-  // built-in interval - the beekeeper switches the rule on and sets
-  // config.dueInDays.
-  TREATMENT_FOLLOW_UP: {
-    config: {},
-    actionTemplate: 'Behandlungserfolg kontrollieren',
-    active: false,
-  },
-  FEEDING_FOLLOW_UP: {
-    config: {},
-    actionTemplate: 'Futterabnahme und Futtervorrat kontrollieren',
-    active: false,
-  },
-};
-
 /**
  * Optional per-rule follow-up interval (config.dueInDays). There is no
  * built-in default: how soon a queenless colony or a high mite fall needs a
@@ -223,33 +152,58 @@ export class AutomationService {
     return rule;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * The row is locked before it is read, so "before" (and the audit entry)
+   * is the state this write replaces. A config with an invalid known value
+   * is refused with the fields named; unknown keys pass unchanged.
+   */
   async update(
     id: string,
     dto: UpdateAutomationRuleDto,
     actingUserId: string,
   ): Promise<AutomationRule> {
-    const before = await this.findById(id);
-    const rule = await this.prisma.automationRule.update({
-      where: { id },
-      data: {
-        ...dto,
-        // null resets the rule to its defaults; a Json column is cleared
-        // with DbNull, a plain null would fail the write.
-        config:
-          dto.config === null
-            ? Prisma.DbNull
-            : (dto.config as Prisma.InputJsonValue | undefined),
-      },
+    return this.prisma.$transaction(async (tx) => {
+      const locked = await lockRowForUpdate(tx, 'AutomationRule', id);
+      const before = locked
+        ? await tx.automationRule.findUnique({ where: { id } })
+        : null;
+      if (!before) {
+        throw new NotFoundException('Automation rule not found');
+      }
+      if (typeof dto.config === 'object' && dto.config !== null) {
+        const issues = validateRuleConfig(before.triggerType, dto.config);
+        if (issues.length > 0) {
+          throw new BadRequestException({
+            message: 'Die Einstellung ist ungültig.',
+            issues,
+          });
+        }
+      }
+      const rule = await tx.automationRule.update({
+        where: { id },
+        data: {
+          ...dto,
+          // null resets the rule to its defaults; a Json column is cleared
+          // with DbNull, a plain null would fail the write.
+          config:
+            dto.config === null
+              ? Prisma.DbNull
+              : (dto.config as Prisma.InputJsonValue | undefined),
+        },
+      });
+      await this.auditLog.record(
+        {
+          entityType: 'AutomationRule',
+          entityId: id,
+          action: 'UPDATE',
+          userId: actingUserId,
+          beforeData: before,
+          afterData: rule,
+        },
+        tx,
+      );
+      return rule;
     });
-    await this.auditLog.record({
-      entityType: 'AutomationRule',
-      entityId: id,
-      action: 'UPDATE',
-      userId: actingUserId,
-      beforeData: before,
-      afterData: rule,
-    });
-    return rule;
   }
 
   // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -287,7 +241,7 @@ export class AutomationService {
     }
 
     const feedRule = ruleByType.get('FEED_STATUS_CRITICAL');
-    if (feedRule && inspection.feedStatus?.toLowerCase() === 'kritisch') {
+    if (feedRule && inspection.feedStatus === 'CRITICAL') {
       await this.triggerActionIn(
         tx,
         feedRule,

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/chain.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { bool, intIn, makeParser } from './parse-helpers';
+import type { ChainConfig } from './rule-config.types';
+
+const MAX_DUE_IN_DAYS = 365;
+
+/** Follow-up chains (queen cells, queen acceptance): one check some days later. */
+export function chainParser(trigger: string, defaults: ChainConfig) {
+  return makeParser<ChainConfig>(trigger, defaults, (scope) => ({
+    dueInDays: intIn(
+      scope,
+      'dueInDays',
+      defaults.dueInDays,
+      0,
+      MAX_DUE_IN_DAYS,
+    ),
+    notify: bool(scope, 'notify', defaults.notify),
+  }));
+}
+
+export const DEFAULT_CHAIN_CONFIG: ChainConfig = {
+  dueInDays: 7,
+  notify: false,
+};
+
+export const DEFAULT_WITHDRAWAL_ENDED_CONFIG = { notify: true };
+
+export const withdrawalEndedParser = makeParser<{ notify: boolean }>(
+  'WITHDRAWAL_ENDED',
+  DEFAULT_WITHDRAWAL_ENDED_CONFIG,
+  (scope) => ({
+    notify: bool(scope, 'notify', DEFAULT_WITHDRAWAL_ENDED_CONFIG.notify),
+  }),
+);
+
+/** The cleanup rule has no setting; it is only switched on or off. */
+export const colonyEndedCleanupParser = makeParser<Record<string, never>>(
+  'COLONY_ENDED_CLEANUP',
+  {},
+  () => ({}),
+);

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/default-rules.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import type { AutomationTriggerType } from '../../../generated/prisma';
+import { RULE_CONFIG_PARSERS } from './rule-config.registry';
+
+export interface RuleDefaults {
+  config: Record<string, unknown>;
+  actionTemplate: string;
+  /** Rules without a sensible built-in setting start switched off. */
+  active?: boolean;
+}
+
+/** Texts of the rules that create a task; the new rules have none yet. */
+const ACTION_TEMPLATES: Record<AutomationTriggerType, string> = {
+  QUEENLESS_NO_EGGS:
+    'Kontrolle empfohlen: Königin nicht gesehen und keine Stifte vorhanden.',
+  VARROA_THRESHOLD: 'Behandlung prüfen: Varroa-Schwellenwert überschritten.',
+  FEED_STATUS_CRITICAL: 'Fütterung erforderlich: Futterstatus kritisch.',
+  SWARM_MOOD_HIGH:
+    'Schwarmkontrolle dringend: hohe Schwarmstimmung festgestellt.',
+  COLONY_HEALTH_CRITICAL: 'Kontrolle erforderlich: Gesundheitsstatus kritisch.',
+  STOCK_ITEM_LOW: 'Nachbestellung prüfen: Lagerartikel unter Mindestbestand.',
+  // Not task-generating rules like the ones above - `active` here toggles
+  // whether HoneyBatchesService/BottlingService auto-fill the batch/lot
+  // number from `config.format` instead of requiring manual entry.
+  HONEY_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT: '',
+  BOTTLING_LOT_NUMBER_FORMAT: '',
+  RAW_MATERIAL_LOT_NUMBER_FORMAT: '',
+  PRODUCTION_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT: '',
+  RAW_MATERIAL_LOW: 'Rohstoff unter Mindestmenge: Nachschub einplanen.',
+  TREATMENT_FOLLOW_UP: 'Behandlungserfolg kontrollieren',
+  FEEDING_FOLLOW_UP: 'Futterabnahme und Futtervorrat kontrollieren',
+  INSPECTION_INTERVAL: '',
+  QUEEN_CELLS_SWARM_CHECK: '',
+  QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE_CHECK: '',
+  SPLIT_SCHEDULE: '',
+  COLONY_ENDED_CLEANUP: '',
+  WITHDRAWAL_ENDED: '',
+  HONEY_WATER_CONTENT: '',
+  SEASON_AUTOPILOT: '',
+  PHENOLOGY: '',
+};
+
+// - RAW_MATERIAL_LOW: raw material lots carry no minimum of their own, so
+//   the minimum per kind (config.minGrams) lives on the rule - and without
+//   one there is nothing to compare, hence off by default.
+// - Follow-up checks: how many days after a treatment or feeding a check
+//   makes sense depends on the product and the season, so there is no
+//   built-in interval - the beekeeper switches the rule on and sets
+//   config.dueInDays.
+const INACTIVE_BY_DEFAULT: ReadonlySet<AutomationTriggerType> = new Set([
+  'RAW_MATERIAL_LOW',
+  'TREATMENT_FOLLOW_UP',
+  'FEEDING_FOLLOW_UP',
+]);
+
+function defaultsOf(trigger: AutomationTriggerType): RuleDefaults {
+  return {
+    config: structuredClone(RULE_CONFIG_PARSERS[trigger].defaults) as Record<
+      string,
+      unknown
+    >,
+    actionTemplate: ACTION_TEMPLATES[trigger],
+    ...(INACTIVE_BY_DEFAULT.has(trigger) ? { active: false } : {}),
+  };
+}
+
+/** The rule rows created on first use; the config is the parser's default. */
+export const DEFAULT_RULES: Record<AutomationTriggerType, RuleDefaults> =
+  Object.fromEntries(
+    (Object.keys(ACTION_TEMPLATES) as AutomationTriggerType[]).map(
+      (trigger) => [trigger, defaultsOf(trigger)],
+    ),
+  ) as Record<AutomationTriggerType, RuleDefaults>;

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+export * from './rule-config.types';
+export {
+  RULE_CONFIG_PARSERS,
+  ruleConfigOf,
+  validateRuleConfig,
+} from './rule-config.registry';
+export { DEFAULT_RULES, type RuleDefaults } from './default-rules';
+export { lockRuleIn, readRule, type ActiveRule } from './rule-config.reader';

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/inspection-interval.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import type { SeasonSegmentKey } from '../../season/season-types';
+import { childScope, intIn, makeParser } from './parse-helpers';
+import type { InspectionIntervalConfig } from './rule-config.types';
+
+type IntervalSegment = Exclude<SeasonSegmentKey, 'WINTERRUHE'>;
+
+const MIN_INTERVAL_DAYS = 7;
+const MAX_INTERVAL_DAYS = 35;
+/** In the swarm season a colony is looked at weekly, at the latest every 9 days. */
+const MAX_SWARM_INTERVAL_DAYS = 9;
+
+export const DEFAULT_INSPECTION_INTERVAL_CONFIG: InspectionIntervalConfig = {
+  intervalDays: {
+    FRUEHJAHR: 14,
+    SCHWARMZEIT: 7,
+    SOMMER: 14,
+    SPAETSOMMER: 21,
+    HERBST: 21,
+  },
+};
+
+const SEGMENTS = Object.keys(
+  DEFAULT_INSPECTION_INTERVAL_CONFIG.intervalDays,
+) as IntervalSegment[];
+
+export const inspectionIntervalParser = makeParser<InspectionIntervalConfig>(
+  'INSPECTION_INTERVAL',
+  DEFAULT_INSPECTION_INTERVAL_CONFIG,
+  (scope) => {
+    const days = childScope(scope, 'intervalDays');
+    const defaults = DEFAULT_INSPECTION_INTERVAL_CONFIG.intervalDays;
+    const intervalDays = { ...defaults };
+    for (const segment of SEGMENTS) {
+      intervalDays[segment] = intIn(
+        days,
+        segment,
+        defaults[segment],
+        MIN_INTERVAL_DAYS,
+        segment === 'SCHWARMZEIT' ? MAX_SWARM_INTERVAL_DAYS : MAX_INTERVAL_DAYS,
+      );
+    }
+    return { intervalDays };
+  },
+);

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/parse-helpers.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+import { Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
+import type { RuleConfigIssue, RuleConfigParser } from './rule-config.types';
+
+/**
+ * Where a value is read from: the object, its field path (for messages) and
+ * the list the issues go to. Helpers never throw - an invalid or missing key
+ * gives the fallback, and an invalid one that is present is reported.
+ */
+export interface Scope {
+  readonly raw: Readonly<Record<string, unknown>>;
+  readonly path: string;
+  readonly issues: RuleConfigIssue[];
+}
+
+const NO_VALUES: Readonly<Record<string, unknown>> = Object.freeze({});
+
+export function asRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> | null {
+  return typeof value === 'object' && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value)
+    ? (value as Record<string, unknown>)
+    : null;
+}
+
+export function rootScope(json: unknown, issues: RuleConfigIssue[]): Scope {
+  return { raw: asRecord(json) ?? NO_VALUES, path: '', issues };
+}
+
+export function fieldPath(scope: Scope, key: string): string {
+  return scope.path === '' ? key : `${scope.path}.${key}`;
+}
+
+export function report(scope: Scope, key: string, message: string): void {
+  scope.issues.push({ field: fieldPath(scope, key), message });
+}
+
+/**
+ * A key counts as given when it is present - an explicit null too, which the
+ * readers then report as invalid instead of silently using the default.
+ */
+export function has(scope: Scope, key: string): boolean {
+  if (!Object.hasOwn(scope.raw, key)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return scope.raw[key] !== undefined;
+}
+
+/** An explicit null: on an optional key it clears the value. */
+export function isCleared(scope: Scope, key: string): boolean {
+  return Object.hasOwn(scope.raw, key) && scope.raw[key] === null;
+}
+
+/** The nested object under `key`; a non-object is reported and read as empty. */
+export function childScope(scope: Scope, key: string): Scope {
+  const path = fieldPath(scope, key);
+  if (!has(scope, key)) {
+    return { raw: NO_VALUES, path, issues: scope.issues };
+  }
+  const nested = asRecord(scope.raw[key]);
+  if (nested === null) {
+    report(scope, key, 'Bitte die Angaben als Gruppe senden.');
+    return { raw: NO_VALUES, path, issues: scope.issues };
+  }
+  return { raw: nested, path, issues: scope.issues };
+}
+
+/** Runs `read`; if it reported anything, `fallback()` replaces its result. */
+export function orFallback<T>(
+  scope: Scope,
+  read: () => T,
+  fallback: () => T,
+): T {
+  const before = scope.issues.length;
+  const value = read();
+  return scope.issues.length > before ? fallback() : value;
+}
+
+const numberFormat = new Intl.NumberFormat('de-DE', {
+  maximumFractionDigits: 3,
+});
+
+export function formatDe(value: number): string {
+  return numberFormat.format(value);
+}
+
+export function intIn(
+  scope: Scope,
+  key: string,
+  fallback: number,
+  min: number,
+  max: number,
+): number {
+  if (!has(scope, key)) {
+    return fallback;
+  }
+  const value = scope.raw[key];
+  if (
+    typeof value === 'number' &&
+    Number.isInteger(value) &&
+    value >= min &&
+    value <= max
+  ) {
+    return value;
+  }
+  report(
+    scope,
+    key,
+    `Bitte eine ganze Zahl zwischen ${formatDe(min)} und ${formatDe(max)} wählen.`,
+  );
+  return fallback;
+}
+
+/** Like intIn, but an absent key stays undefined. */
+export function optionalIntIn(
+  scope: Scope,
+  key: string,
+  min: number,
+  max: number,
+): number | undefined {
+  if (!has(scope, key) || isCleared(scope, key)) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+  const value = intIn(scope, key, Number.NaN, min, max);
+  return Number.isNaN(value) ? undefined : value;
+}
+
+export interface NumberOptions {
+  /** The lower limit itself is not allowed (min < x). */
+  exclusiveMin?: boolean;
+}
+
+export function numberIn(
+  scope: Scope,
+  key: string,
+  fallback: number,
+  min: number,
+  max: number,
+  options: NumberOptions = {},
+): number {
+  if (!has(scope, key)) {
+    return fallback;
+  }
+  const value = scope.raw[key];
+  if (
+    typeof value === 'number' &&
+    Number.isFinite(value) &&
+    (options.exclusiveMin ? value > min : value >= min) &&
+    value <= max
+  ) {
+    return value;
+  }
+  const lower = options.exclusiveMin
+    ? `größer als ${formatDe(min)}`
+    : `mindestens ${formatDe(min)}`;
+  report(
+    scope,
+    key,
+    Number.isFinite(max)
+      ? `Bitte eine Zahl ${lower} und höchstens ${formatDe(max)} angeben.`
+      : `Bitte eine Zahl ${lower} angeben.`,
+  );
+  return fallback;
+}
+
+/** Like numberIn, but an absent key stays undefined. */
+export function optionalNumberIn(
+  scope: Scope,
+  key: string,
+  min: number,
+  max: number,
+  options: NumberOptions = {},
+): number | undefined {
+  if (!has(scope, key) || isCleared(scope, key)) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+  const value = numberIn(scope, key, Number.NaN, min, max, options);
+  return Number.isNaN(value) ? undefined : value;
+}
+
+export function bool(scope: Scope, key: string, fallback: boolean): boolean {
+  if (!has(scope, key)) {
+    return fallback;
+  }
+  const value = scope.raw[key];
+  if (typeof value === 'boolean') {
+    return value;
+  }
+  report(scope, key, 'Bitte Ja oder Nein wählen.');
+  return fallback;
+}
+
+export function stringIn(
+  scope: Scope,
+  key: string,
+  fallback: string,
+  minLength: number,
+  maxLength: number,
+  pattern?: RegExp,
+): string {
+  if (!has(scope, key)) {
+    return fallback;
+  }
+  const value = scope.raw[key];
+  if (
+    typeof value === 'string' &&
+    value.length >= minLength &&
+    value.length <= maxLength &&
+    (pattern === undefined || pattern.test(value))
+  ) {
+    return value;
+  }
+  report(
+    scope,
+    key,
+    `Bitte einen Text mit ${minLength} bis ${maxLength} Zeichen angeben.`,
+  );
+  return fallback;
+}
+
+const MONTH_DAY = /^(\d{2})-(\d{2})$/;
+
+/** 'MM-DD' that exists in a leap year (02-29 is allowed). */
+export function isMonthDay(value: unknown): value is string {
+  if (typeof value !== 'string') {
+    return false;
+  }
+  const match = MONTH_DAY.exec(value);
+  if (!match) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  const month = Number(match[1]);
+  const day = Number(match[2]);
+  const date = new Date(Date.UTC(2024, month - 1, day));
+  return date.getUTCMonth() === month - 1 && date.getUTCDate() === day;
+}
+
+export function monthDay(scope: Scope, key: string, fallback: string): string {
+  if (!has(scope, key)) {
+    return fallback;
+  }
+  const value = scope.raw[key];
+  if (isMonthDay(value)) {
+    return value;
+  }
+  report(scope, key, 'Bitte ein Datum als MM-TT angeben, zum Beispiel 03-20.');
+  return fallback;
+}
+
+export function months(
+  scope: Scope,
+  key: string,
+  fallback: readonly number[],
+): number[] {
+  if (!has(scope, key)) {
+    return [...fallback];
+  }
+  const value = scope.raw[key];
+  if (
+    Array.isArray(value) &&
+    value.every(
+      (month): month is number =>
+        typeof month === 'number' &&
+        Number.isInteger(month) &&
+        month >= 1 &&
+        month <= 12,
+    ) &&
+    new Set(value).size === value.length
+  ) {
+    return [...value];
+  }
+  report(scope, key, 'Bitte Monate von 1 bis 12 angeben, jeden nur einmal.');
+  return [...fallback];
+}
+
+export function enumValue<T extends string>(
+  scope: Scope,
+  key: string,
+  fallback: T,
+  allowed: readonly T[],
+): T {
+  if (!has(scope, key)) {
+    return fallback;
+  }
+  const value = scope.raw[key];
+  if (
+    typeof value === 'string' &&
+    (allowed as readonly string[]).includes(value)
+  ) {
+    return value as T;
+  }
+  report(scope, key, 'Bitte einen gültigen Wert wählen.');
+  return fallback;
+}
+
+export function enumList<T extends string>(
+  scope: Scope,
+  key: string,
+  fallback: readonly T[],
+  allowed: readonly T[],
+): T[] {
+  if (!has(scope, key)) {
+    return [...fallback];
+  }
+  const value = scope.raw[key];
+  if (
+    Array.isArray(value) &&
+    value.every(
+      (entry): entry is T =>
+        typeof entry === 'string' &&
+        (allowed as readonly string[]).includes(entry),
+    ) &&
+    new Set(value).size === value.length
+  ) {
+    return [...value];
+  }
+  report(scope, key, 'Bitte nur gültige Werte wählen, jeden nur einmal.');
+  return [...fallback];
+}
+
+const logger = new Logger('RuleConfig');
+
+/**
+ * Builds the parser of one rule from its reader. The reader turns the scope
+ * into a complete config and reports every invalid key; `parse` logs those
+ * (trigger and field, never the value) and returns the config, `validate`
+ * returns them.
+ */
+export function makeParser<T>(
+  trigger: string,
+  defaults: T,
+  read: (scope: Scope) => T,
+): RuleConfigParser<T> {
+  return {
+    defaults,
+    parse(json) {
+      const issues: RuleConfigIssue[] = [];
+      const value = read(rootScope(json, issues));
+      for (const issue of issues) {
+        logger.warn(
+          `Invalid setting ${trigger}.${issue.field}; using the default`,
+        );
+      }
+      return value;
+    },
+    validate(json) {
+      const issues: RuleConfigIssue[] = [];
+      read(rootScope(json, issues));
+      return issues;
+    },
+  };
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/phenology.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+import {
+  PHENOLOGY_PHASES,
+  type PhenologyPhaseKey,
+} from '../../season/season-types';
+import {
+  bool,
+  childScope,
+  enumList,
+  enumValue,
+  has,
+  isCleared,
+  makeParser,
+  monthDay,
+  numberIn,
+  report,
+  type Scope,
+} from './parse-helpers';
+import type { PhenologyConfig } from './rule-config.types';
+
+/** Upper limit of a growing-degree-day threshold; far above any phase. */
+const MAX_GTS_THRESHOLD = 5000;
+const MAX_GAP_SHARE = 0.5;
+
+export const DEFAULT_PHENOLOGY_CONFIG: PhenologyConfig = {
+  useGts: true,
+  gtsThresholds: { SALWEIDE: 200 },
+  calibrateFromReports: true,
+  calibratePhases: ['KIRSCHE', 'APFEL'],
+  calendarFallback: {
+    SALWEIDE: '03-20',
+    KIRSCHE: '04-15',
+    APFEL: '04-28',
+    HOLUNDER: '05-30',
+    LINDE: '06-20',
+    TRACHTENDE: '08-01',
+    HERBST: '09-15',
+    WINTER: '11-15',
+  },
+  swarmSeason: { from: 'KIRSCHE', until: 'LINDE' },
+  maxGapShare: 0.1,
+};
+
+function readThresholds(scope: Scope): PhenologyConfig['gtsThresholds'] {
+  // Without the group the defaults apply; with it, only the phases given
+  // have a threshold - leaving one out removes it.
+  if (!has(scope, 'gtsThresholds')) {
+    return { ...DEFAULT_PHENOLOGY_CONFIG.gtsThresholds };
+  }
+  const thresholds = childScope(scope, 'gtsThresholds');
+  const result: PhenologyConfig['gtsThresholds'] = {};
+  for (const phase of PHENOLOGY_PHASES) {
+    if (isCleared(thresholds, phase)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const value = numberIn(
+      thresholds,
+      phase,
+      Number.NaN,
+      0,
+      MAX_GTS_THRESHOLD,
+      { exclusiveMin: true },
+    );
+    if (!Number.isNaN(value)) {
+      result[phase] = value;
+    }
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * The calendar dates of the phases must not run backwards in phase order.
+ * One violation sends the whole map back to the defaults, so it stays
+ * consistent; the issue names a key the caller actually sent.
+ */
+function readCalendar(scope: Scope): PhenologyConfig['calendarFallback'] {
+  const calendar = childScope(scope, 'calendarFallback');
+  const defaults = DEFAULT_PHENOLOGY_CONFIG.calendarFallback;
+  const before = scope.issues.length;
+  const result = { ...defaults };
+  for (const phase of PHENOLOGY_PHASES) {
+    result[phase] = monthDay(calendar, phase, defaults[phase]);
+  }
+  if (scope.issues.length > before) {
+    return { ...defaults };
+  }
+  for (let index = 1; index < PHENOLOGY_PHASES.length; index += 1) {
+    const previous = PHENOLOGY_PHASES[index - 1];
+    const phase = PHENOLOGY_PHASES[index];
+    if (result[phase] < result[previous]) {
+      const culprit = has(calendar, phase) ? phase : previous;
+      report(
+        calendar,
+        culprit,
+        `Das Datum darf nicht vor dem der vorherigen Phase liegen (${previous}).`,
+      );
+      return { ...defaults };
+    }
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+function readSwarmSeason(scope: Scope): PhenologyConfig['swarmSeason'] {
+  const season = childScope(scope, 'swarmSeason');
+  const defaults = DEFAULT_PHENOLOGY_CONFIG.swarmSeason;
+  const from: PhenologyPhaseKey = enumValue(
+    season,
+    'from',
+    defaults.from,
+    PHENOLOGY_PHASES,
+  );
+  const until: PhenologyPhaseKey = enumValue(
+    season,
+    'until',
+    defaults.until,
+    PHENOLOGY_PHASES,
+  );
+  if (PHENOLOGY_PHASES.indexOf(from) >= PHENOLOGY_PHASES.indexOf(until)) {
+    report(
+      season,
+      has(season, 'from') ? 'from' : 'until',
+      'Der Beginn der Schwarmzeit muss vor ihrem Ende liegen.',
+    );
+    return { ...defaults };
+  }
+  return { from, until };
+}
+
+export const phenologyParser = makeParser<PhenologyConfig>(
+  'PHENOLOGY',
+  DEFAULT_PHENOLOGY_CONFIG,
+  (scope) => {
+    const d = DEFAULT_PHENOLOGY_CONFIG;
+    return {
+      useGts: bool(scope, 'useGts', d.useGts),
+      gtsThresholds: readThresholds(scope),
+      calibrateFromReports: bool(
+        scope,
+        'calibrateFromReports',
+        d.calibrateFromReports,
+      ),
+      calibratePhases: enumList(
+        scope,
+        'calibratePhases',
+        d.calibratePhases,
+        PHENOLOGY_PHASES,
+      ),
+      calendarFallback: readCalendar(scope),
+      swarmSeason: readSwarmSeason(scope),
+      maxGapShare: numberIn(
+        scope,
+        'maxGapShare',
+        d.maxGapShare,
+        0,
+        MAX_GAP_SHARE,
+      ),
+    };
+  },
+);

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/rule-config.reader.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+import { Prisma } from '../../../generated/prisma';
+import type { AutomationTriggerType } from '../../../generated/prisma';
+import { assertTransactionClient, type DbClient } from '../../prisma/db-client';
+import { lockRowForUpdate } from '../../prisma/row-lock';
+import { DEFAULT_RULES } from './default-rules';
+import { ruleConfigOf } from './rule-config.registry';
+import type { RuleConfigMap } from './rule-config.types';
+
+export interface ActiveRule<K extends AutomationTriggerType> {
+  /** null while no row exists yet: the built-in setting applies. */
+  id: string | null;
+  active: boolean;
+  config: RuleConfigMap[K];
+  actionTemplate: string | null;
+}
+
+interface RuleRow {
+  id: string;
+  active: boolean;
+  config: Prisma.JsonValue;
+  actionTemplate: string | null;
+}
+
+const RULE_COLUMNS = {
+  id: true,
+  active: true,
+  config: true,
+  actionTemplate: true,
+} as const;
+
+function toActiveRule<K extends AutomationTriggerType>(
+  trigger: K,
+  row: RuleRow | null,
+): ActiveRule<K> {
+  if (row === null) {
+    const defaults = DEFAULT_RULES[trigger];
+    return {
+      id: null,
+      active: defaults.active ?? true,
+      config: ruleConfigOf(trigger, defaults.config),
+      actionTemplate: defaults.actionTemplate,
+    };
+  }
+  return {
+    id: row.id,
+    active: row.active,
+    config: ruleConfigOf(trigger, row.config),
+    actionTemplate: row.actionTemplate,
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * The rule as it is in force: its row, or the built-in setting while there is
+ * none. The config is parsed, so every key is valid.
+ */
+export async function readRule<K extends AutomationTriggerType>(
+  db: DbClient,
+  trigger: K,
+): Promise<ActiveRule<K>> {
+  const row = await db.automationRule.findUnique({
+    where: { triggerType: trigger },
+    select: RULE_COLUMNS,
+  });
+  return toActiveRule(trigger, row);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates the rule row if it is missing (without touching an existing one),
+ * locks it until the transaction ends and reads it. Serialises everything
+ * that decides "is there already an open task/suggestion" under the rule.
+ */
+export async function lockRuleIn<K extends AutomationTriggerType>(
+  tx: Prisma.TransactionClient,
+  trigger: K,
+): Promise<ActiveRule<K> & { id: string }> {
+  assertTransactionClient(tx, 'lockRuleIn');
+  const defaults = DEFAULT_RULES[trigger];
+  await tx.automationRule.createMany({
+    data: [
+      {
+        triggerType: trigger,
+        active: defaults.active ?? true,
+        config: defaults.config as Prisma.InputJsonValue,
+        actionTemplate: defaults.actionTemplate,
+      },
+    ],
+    skipDuplicates: true,
+  });
+  const { id } = await tx.automationRule.findUniqueOrThrow({
+    where: { triggerType: trigger },
+    select: { id: true },
+  });
+  await lockRowForUpdate(tx, 'AutomationRule', id);
+  // Read after the lock: a concurrent edit of the rule is visible now.
+  const row = await tx.automationRule.findUniqueOrThrow({
+    where: { id },
+    select: RULE_COLUMNS,
+  });
+  return { ...toActiveRule(trigger, row), id };
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/rule-config.registry.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import type { AutomationTriggerType } from '../../../generated/prisma';
+import {
+  chainParser,
+  colonyEndedCleanupParser,
+  DEFAULT_CHAIN_CONFIG,
+  withdrawalEndedParser,
+} from './chain.config';
+import { inspectionIntervalParser } from './inspection-interval.config';
+import { phenologyParser } from './phenology.config';
+import { seasonAutopilotParser } from './season-autopilot.config';
+import { numberFormatParser, simpleParser } from './simple.config';
+import { splitScheduleParser } from './split-schedule.config';
+import { varroaThresholdParser } from './varroa-threshold.config';
+import { waterContentParser } from './water-content.config';
+import type {
+  RuleConfigIssue,
+  RuleConfigMap,
+  RuleConfigParser,
+} from './rule-config.types';
+
+/** The number-format rules keep the defaults they always had. */
+const DEFAULT_BATCH_FORMAT = 'WH-{YYYY}-{SEQ:4}';
+
+export const RULE_CONFIG_PARSERS: {
+  [K in AutomationTriggerType]: RuleConfigParser<RuleConfigMap[K]>;
+} = {
+  VARROA_THRESHOLD: varroaThresholdParser,
+  INSPECTION_INTERVAL: inspectionIntervalParser,
+  QUEEN_CELLS_SWARM_CHECK: chainParser(
+    'QUEEN_CELLS_SWARM_CHECK',
+    DEFAULT_CHAIN_CONFIG,
+  ),
+  QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE_CHECK: chainParser(
+    'QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE_CHECK',
+    DEFAULT_CHAIN_CONFIG,
+  ),
+  SPLIT_SCHEDULE: splitScheduleParser,
+  COLONY_ENDED_CLEANUP: colonyEndedCleanupParser,
+  WITHDRAWAL_ENDED: withdrawalEndedParser,
+  HONEY_WATER_CONTENT: waterContentParser,
+  SEASON_AUTOPILOT: seasonAutopilotParser,
+  PHENOLOGY: phenologyParser,
+  HONEY_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT: numberFormatParser(
+    'HONEY_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT',
+    DEFAULT_BATCH_FORMAT,
+  ),
+  BOTTLING_LOT_NUMBER_FORMAT: numberFormatParser(
+    'BOTTLING_LOT_NUMBER_FORMAT',
+    DEFAULT_BATCH_FORMAT,
+  ),
+  // {ART} (WA/PR) gives wax and propolis a counter each.
+  RAW_MATERIAL_LOT_NUMBER_FORMAT: numberFormatParser(
+    'RAW_MATERIAL_LOT_NUMBER_FORMAT',
+    '{ART}-{YYYY}-{SEQ:4}',
+  ),
+  PRODUCTION_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT: numberFormatParser(
+    'PRODUCTION_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT',
+    'HS-{YYYY}-{SEQ:4}',
+  ),
+  QUEENLESS_NO_EGGS: simpleParser('QUEENLESS_NO_EGGS', { notify: true }),
+  FEED_STATUS_CRITICAL: simpleParser('FEED_STATUS_CRITICAL', {
+    notify: false,
+  }),
+  SWARM_MOOD_HIGH: simpleParser('SWARM_MOOD_HIGH', { notify: false }),
+  COLONY_HEALTH_CRITICAL: simpleParser('COLONY_HEALTH_CRITICAL', {
+    notify: true,
+  }),
+  STOCK_ITEM_LOW: simpleParser('STOCK_ITEM_LOW', { notify: false }),
+  RAW_MATERIAL_LOW: simpleParser('RAW_MATERIAL_LOW', {
+    notify: false,
+    withMinGrams: true,
+  }),
+  TREATMENT_FOLLOW_UP: simpleParser('TREATMENT_FOLLOW_UP', { notify: false }),
+  FEEDING_FOLLOW_UP: simpleParser('FEEDING_FOLLOW_UP', { notify: false }),
+};
+
+/** The effective setting of a rule: valid keys as stored, the rest default. */
+export function ruleConfigOf<K extends AutomationTriggerType>(
+  trigger: K,
+  json: unknown,
+): RuleConfigMap[K] {
+  return RULE_CONFIG_PARSERS[trigger].parse(json);
+}
+
+/** The invalid known keys of a config a client wants to save. */
+export function validateRuleConfig(
+  trigger: AutomationTriggerType,
+  json: unknown,
+): RuleConfigIssue[] {
+  return RULE_CONFIG_PARSERS[trigger].validate(json);
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/rule-config.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,440 @@
+import { Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { AutomationTriggerType } from '../../../generated/prisma';
+import { DEFAULT_RULES } from './default-rules';
+import { ruleConfigOf, RULE_CONFIG_PARSERS, validateRuleConfig } from './index';
+
+const ALL_TRIGGERS = Object.values(AutomationTriggerType);
+
+function fieldsOf(trigger: AutomationTriggerType, config: unknown): string[] {
+  return validateRuleConfig(trigger, config).map((issue) => issue.field);
+}
+
+describe('rule config', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    jest.spyOn(Logger.prototype, 'warn').mockImplementation(() => undefined);
+  });
+  afterEach(() => jest.restoreAllMocks());
+
+  it('every trigger has defaults and a parser', () => {
+    for (const t of ALL_TRIGGERS) {
+      expect(DEFAULT_RULES[t]).toBeDefined();
+      expect(RULE_CONFIG_PARSERS[t]).toBeDefined();
+    }
+  });
+
+  it.each(ALL_TRIGGERS)(
+    'the default config of %s parses to itself and validates without issues',
+    (trigger) => {
+      const { config } = DEFAULT_RULES[trigger];
+      expect(RULE_CONFIG_PARSERS[trigger].parse(config)).toEqual(config);
+      expect(RULE_CONFIG_PARSERS[trigger].defaults).toEqual(config);
+      expect(validateRuleConfig(trigger, config)).toEqual([]);
+    },
+  );
+
+  it.each(ALL_TRIGGERS)(
+    '%s falls back to its defaults for null, arrays and scalars',
+    (trigger) => {
+      const { config } = DEFAULT_RULES[trigger];
+      for (const junk of [null, undefined, [], 'x', 5]) {
+        expect(ruleConfigOf(trigger, junk)).toEqual(config);
+        expect(validateRuleConfig(trigger, junk)).toEqual([]);
+      }
+    },
+  );
+
+  it('reads a legacy thresholdMitesPerDay as naturalFall.redAbove', () =>
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', { thresholdMitesPerDay: 7 }).naturalFall,
+    ).toEqual({
+      seasonMonths: [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
+      yellowFrom: 5,
+      redAbove: 7,
+      winterRedAbove: 0.5,
+    }));
+
+  it('lets the band format win over the legacy key', () =>
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', {
+        thresholdMitesPerDay: 7,
+        naturalFall: { redAbove: 9 },
+      }).naturalFall.redAbove,
+    ).toBe(9));
+
+  it('ignores an invalid legacy threshold', () =>
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', { thresholdMitesPerDay: 0 }).naturalFall
+        .redAbove,
+    ).toBe(10));
+
+  it('reports an invalid legacy threshold with field and message', () => {
+    const issues = validateRuleConfig('VARROA_THRESHOLD', {
+      thresholdMitesPerDay: 0,
+    });
+    expect(issues).toEqual([
+      {
+        field: 'thresholdMitesPerDay',
+        message: expect.any(String) as string,
+      },
+    ]);
+    expect(fieldsOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', { thresholdMitesPerDay: 7 })).toEqual(
+      [],
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('keeps natural-fall redAbove above zero and bounded, percent bands up to 100', () => {
+    const fields = (config: unknown) => fieldsOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', config);
+    expect(fields({ naturalFall: { redAbove: 0 } })).toEqual([
+      'naturalFall.redAbove',
+    ]);
+    expect(fields({ naturalFall: { redAbove: 1001 } })).toEqual([
+      'naturalFall.redAbove',
+    ]);
+    expect(
+      fields({ infestationPercent: { summer: { redAbove: 101 } } }),
+    ).toEqual(['infestationPercent.summer.redAbove']);
+    expect(
+      fields({ infestationPercent: { autumn: { redAbove: 100 } } }),
+    ).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('reports an explicit null on a known key', () => {
+    expect(fieldsOf('SEASON_AUTOPILOT', { queenMaxAgeYears: null })).toEqual([
+      'queenMaxAgeYears',
+    ]);
+    expect(fieldsOf('PHENOLOGY', { swarmSeason: null })).toEqual([
+      'swarmSeason',
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('accepts null on optional keys as clearing them', () => {
+    expect(fieldsOf('TREATMENT_FOLLOW_UP', { dueInDays: null })).toEqual([]);
+    expect(ruleConfigOf('TREATMENT_FOLLOW_UP', { dueInDays: null })).toEqual({
+      notify: false,
+    });
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('RAW_MATERIAL_LOW', {
+        minGrams: { BEESWAX: null, PROPOLIS: 50 },
+      }),
+    ).toEqual({ notify: false, minGrams: { PROPOLIS: 50 } });
+    expect(ruleConfigOf('RAW_MATERIAL_LOW', { minGrams: null })).toEqual({
+      notify: false,
+    });
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('SPLIT_SCHEDULE', {
+        QUEEN: [{ step: 'ACCEPTANCE_CHECK', offsetDays: 7, windowDays: null }],
+      }).QUEEN,
+    ).toEqual([{ step: 'ACCEPTANCE_CHECK', offsetDays: 7 }]);
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('PHENOLOGY', { gtsThresholds: { SALWEIDE: null } }),
+    ).toEqual([]);
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('PHENOLOGY', { gtsThresholds: { SALWEIDE: null } })
+        .gtsThresholds,
+    ).toEqual({});
+  });
+
+  it('lets a client remove a gts threshold by leaving it out', () => {
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('PHENOLOGY', { gtsThresholds: { KIRSCHE: 400 } })
+        .gtsThresholds,
+    ).toEqual({ KIRSCHE: 400 });
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('PHENOLOGY', { gtsThresholds: {} }).gtsThresholds,
+    ).toEqual({});
+  });
+
+  it('keeps yellowFrom at or below a legacy threshold under five', () => {
+    const { naturalFall } = ruleConfigOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', {
+      thresholdMitesPerDay: 3,
+    });
+    expect(naturalFall.redAbove).toBe(3);
+    expect(naturalFall.yellowFrom).toBeLessThanOrEqual(3);
+  });
+
+  it('falls back per invalid key and keeps the valid ones', () =>
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('SEASON_AUTOPILOT', {
+        queenMaxAgeYears: 'x',
+        honeySuperMinFrames: 10,
+      }),
+    ).toMatchObject({ queenMaxAgeYears: 2, honeySuperMinFrames: 10 }));
+
+  it('logs a warning with trigger and field but without the value', () => {
+    const warn = jest.spyOn(Logger.prototype, 'warn');
+    ruleConfigOf('SEASON_AUTOPILOT', { queenMaxAgeYears: 'secret-value' });
+    const logged = warn.mock.calls.map((call) => String(call[0])).join('\n');
+    expect(logged).toContain('SEASON_AUTOPILOT');
+    expect(logged).toContain('queenMaxAgeYears');
+    expect(logged).not.toContain('secret-value');
+  });
+
+  it('rejects SCHWARMZEIT 10 days with the field name', () =>
+    expect(
+      validateRuleConfig('INSPECTION_INTERVAL', {
+        intervalDays: { SCHWARMZEIT: 10 },
+      }),
+    ).toEqual([
+      {
+        field: 'intervalDays.SCHWARMZEIT',
+        message: expect.stringContaining('7') as string,
+      },
+    ]));
+
+  it('allows 7 to 35 days outside the swarm season and 7 to 9 inside', () => {
+    expect(
+      validateRuleConfig('INSPECTION_INTERVAL', {
+        intervalDays: { SOMMER: 35, FRUEHJAHR: 7, SCHWARMZEIT: 9 },
+      }),
+    ).toEqual([]);
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('INSPECTION_INTERVAL', { intervalDays: { SOMMER: 36 } }),
+    ).toEqual(['intervalDays.SOMMER']);
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('INSPECTION_INTERVAL', { intervalDays: { HERBST: 6.5 } }),
+    ).toEqual(['intervalDays.HERBST']);
+  });
+
+  it('merges a partial interval config over the defaults', () =>
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('INSPECTION_INTERVAL', { intervalDays: { SOMMER: 10 } }),
+    ).toEqual({
+      intervalDays: {
+        FRUEHJAHR: 14,
+        SCHWARMZEIT: 7,
+        SOMMER: 10,
+        SPAETSOMMER: 21,
+        HERBST: 21,
+      },
+    }));
+
+  it('rejects yellowFrom above redAbove', () =>
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', {
+        naturalFall: { yellowFrom: 12, redAbove: 8 },
+      }),
+    ).toEqual(['naturalFall.yellowFrom']));
+
+  it('rejects percent bands where yellowFrom is above redAbove', () =>
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', {
+        infestationPercent: { summer: { yellowFrom: 6, redAbove: 5 } },
+      }),
+    ).toEqual(['infestationPercent.summer.yellowFrom']));
+
+  it('rejects duplicate or out-of-range months', () => {
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', { naturalFall: { seasonMonths: [3, 3] } }),
+    ).toEqual(['naturalFall.seasonMonths']);
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', {
+        infestationPercent: { summerMonths: [0, 13] },
+      }),
+    ).toEqual(['infestationPercent.summerMonths']);
+  });
+
+  it('checks the varroa limits', () => {
+    const fields = (config: unknown) => fieldsOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', config);
+    expect(fields({ youngColonyFactor: 0 })).toEqual(['youngColonyFactor']);
+    expect(fields({ youngColonyFactor: 1.5 })).toEqual(['youngColonyFactor']);
+    expect(fields({ youngColonyFactor: 1 })).toEqual([]);
+    expect(fields({ recheckAfterDays: 61 })).toEqual(['recheckAfterDays']);
+    expect(fields({ recheckAfterDays: 0 })).toEqual([]);
+    expect(fields({ youngColonyTypes: ['NOPE'] })).toEqual([
+      'youngColonyTypes',
+    ]);
+    expect(fields({ naturalFall: { redAbove: -1 } })).toEqual([
+      'naturalFall.redAbove',
+    ]);
+    expect(fields({ naturalFall: { redAbove: Infinity } })).toEqual([
+      'naturalFall.redAbove',
+    ]);
+    expect(fields({ notify: 'yes' })).toEqual(['notify']);
+  });
+
+  it('reports no issue for keys it does not know', () =>
+    expect(
+      validateRuleConfig('SEASON_AUTOPILOT', { somethingElse: 'x' }),
+    ).toEqual([]));
+
+  it('rejects a calendar fallback that runs backwards', () => {
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('PHENOLOGY', { calendarFallback: { KIRSCHE: '03-01' } }),
+    ).toEqual(['calendarFallback.KIRSCHE']);
+    // The whole map falls back so the phases stay in order.
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('PHENOLOGY', { calendarFallback: { KIRSCHE: '03-01' } })
+        .calendarFallback,
+    ).toEqual(DEFAULT_RULES.PHENOLOGY.config.calendarFallback);
+  });
+
+  it('rejects an invalid month-day', () => {
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('PHENOLOGY', { calendarFallback: { SALWEIDE: '13-01' } }),
+    ).toEqual(['calendarFallback.SALWEIDE']);
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('PHENOLOGY', { calendarFallback: { SALWEIDE: '02-30' } }),
+    ).toEqual(['calendarFallback.SALWEIDE']);
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('PHENOLOGY', { calendarFallback: { SALWEIDE: '03-20' } }),
+    ).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('checks the phenology limits', () => {
+    const fields = (config: unknown) => fieldsOf('PHENOLOGY', config);
+    expect(fields({ maxGapShare: 0.6 })).toEqual(['maxGapShare']);
+    expect(fields({ maxGapShare: 0.5 })).toEqual([]);
+    expect(fields({ gtsThresholds: { SALWEIDE: 0 } })).toEqual([
+      'gtsThresholds.SALWEIDE',
+    ]);
+    expect(fields({ gtsThresholds: { NOPE: 5 } })).toEqual([]);
+    expect(fields({ calibratePhases: ['KIRSCHE', 'X'] })).toEqual([
+      'calibratePhases',
+    ]);
+    expect(
+      fields({ swarmSeason: { from: 'LINDE', until: 'KIRSCHE' } }),
+    ).toEqual(['swarmSeason.from']);
+  });
+
+  it('defaults gtsThresholds to SALWEIDE 200 only', () =>
+    expect(ruleConfigOf('PHENOLOGY', {}).gtsThresholds).toEqual({
+      SALWEIDE: 200,
+    }));
+
+  it('checks the season autopilot limits', () => {
+    const fields = (config: unknown) => fieldsOf('SEASON_AUTOPILOT', config);
+    expect(fields({ honeySuperMinFrames: 0 })).toEqual(['honeySuperMinFrames']);
+    expect(fields({ honeySuperMinFrames: 41 })).toEqual([
+      'honeySuperMinFrames',
+    ]);
+    expect(fields({ varroaMeasureIntervalDays: 6 })).toEqual([
+      'varroaMeasureIntervalDays',
+    ]);
+    expect(fields({ queenMaxAgeYears: 0 })).toEqual(['queenMaxAgeYears']);
+    expect(fields({ queenMaxAgeYears: 11 })).toEqual(['queenMaxAgeYears']);
+    expect(fields({ suggestionTtlDays: 366 })).toEqual(['suggestionTtlDays']);
+    expect(fields({ maxStepsPerColony: 4 })).toEqual(['maxStepsPerColony']);
+    expect(
+      fields({ winterVarroaWindow: { from: '12-20', to: '11-15' } }),
+    ).toEqual(['winterVarroaWindow.from']);
+    expect(fields({ rules: { A3: 'no' } })).toEqual(['rules.A3']);
+    expect(fields({ rules: { A3: false } })).toEqual([]);
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('SEASON_AUTOPILOT', { rules: { A3: false } }).rules,
+    ).toEqual(expect.objectContaining({ A1: true, A3: false, A10: true }));
+  });
+
+  it('checks the water content limits', () => {
+    const fields = (config: unknown) => fieldsOf('HONEY_WATER_CONTENT', config);
+    expect(fields({ warnAbovePercent: 9 })).toEqual(['warnAbovePercent']);
+    expect(fields({ confirmAbovePercent: 31 })).toEqual([
+      'confirmAbovePercent',
+    ]);
+    expect(fields({ warnAbovePercent: 21 })).toEqual(['warnAbovePercent']);
+    expect(
+      fields({ byHoneyType: { Heidehonig: { confirmAbovePercent: 23 } } }),
+    ).toEqual([]);
+    expect(
+      fields({ byHoneyType: { Heidehonig: { confirmAbovePercent: 5 } } }),
+    ).toEqual(['byHoneyType.Heidehonig.confirmAbovePercent']);
+  });
+
+  it('checks the split schedule steps', () => {
+    const fields = (config: unknown) => fieldsOf('SPLIT_SCHEDULE', config);
+    expect(
+      fields({ QUEEN: [{ step: 'ACCEPTANCE_CHECK', offsetDays: 121 }] }),
+    ).toEqual(['QUEEN[0].offsetDays']);
+    expect(
+      fields({
+        QUEEN_CELL: [{ step: 'EGGS_CHECK', offsetDays: 21, windowDays: 31 }],
+      }),
+    ).toEqual(['QUEEN_CELL[0].windowDays']);
+    expect(fields({ RAISE_OWN: [{ offsetDays: 3 }] })).toEqual([
+      'RAISE_OWN[0].step',
+    ]);
+    expect(fields({ RAISE_OWN: 'nope' })).toEqual(['RAISE_OWN']);
+    expect(
+      fields({
+        RAISE_OWN: [{ step: 'MATING_CHECK', offsetDays: 21, windowDays: 3 }],
+      }),
+    ).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('checks dueInDays of chains and simple rules', () => {
+    expect(fieldsOf('QUEEN_CELLS_SWARM_CHECK', { dueInDays: 366 })).toEqual([
+      'dueInDays',
+    ]);
+    expect(fieldsOf('TREATMENT_FOLLOW_UP', { dueInDays: -1 })).toEqual([
+      'dueInDays',
+    ]);
+    expect(ruleConfigOf('TREATMENT_FOLLOW_UP', { dueInDays: 14 })).toEqual({
+      notify: false,
+      dueInDays: 14,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('reads minGrams per raw material kind', () => {
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('RAW_MATERIAL_LOW', { minGrams: { BEESWAX: 500 } }),
+    ).toEqual({ notify: false, minGrams: { BEESWAX: 500 } });
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('RAW_MATERIAL_LOW', {
+        minGrams: { BEESWAX: -5, PROPOLIS: 'x' },
+      }),
+    ).toEqual(['minGrams.BEESWAX', 'minGrams.PROPOLIS']);
+  });
+
+  it('keeps a number format and rejects an empty or oversized one', () => {
+    expect(
+      ruleConfigOf('HONEY_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT', { format: 'HB-{SEQ:3}' }),
+    ).toEqual({ format: 'HB-{SEQ:3}' });
+    expect(fieldsOf('HONEY_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT', { format: '' })).toEqual([
+      'format',
+    ]);
+    expect(
+      fieldsOf('HONEY_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT', { format: 'x'.repeat(101) }),
+    ).toEqual(['format']);
+  });
+
+  it('defaults notify to true only for QUEENLESS_NO_EGGS, VARROA_THRESHOLD and COLONY_HEALTH_CRITICAL (and WITHDRAWAL_ENDED)', () => {
+    const withNotify = ALL_TRIGGERS.filter(
+      (trigger) =>
+        (ruleConfigOf(trigger, {}) as { notify?: boolean }).notify === true,
+    );
+    expect([...withNotify].sort()).toEqual(
+      [
+        'COLONY_HEALTH_CRITICAL',
+        'QUEENLESS_NO_EGGS',
+        'VARROA_THRESHOLD',
+        'WITHDRAWAL_ENDED',
+      ].sort(),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('starts the optional rules switched off', () => {
+    const off = ALL_TRIGGERS.filter(
+      (trigger) => DEFAULT_RULES[trigger].active === false,
+    ).sort();
+    expect(off).toEqual([
+      'FEEDING_FOLLOW_UP',
+      'RAW_MATERIAL_LOW',
+      'TREATMENT_FOLLOW_UP',
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('gives every new rule an empty action template', () => {
+    for (const trigger of [
+      'INSPECTION_INTERVAL',
+      'QUEEN_CELLS_SWARM_CHECK',
+      'QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE_CHECK',
+      'SPLIT_SCHEDULE',
+      'COLONY_ENDED_CLEANUP',
+      'WITHDRAWAL_ENDED',
+      'HONEY_WATER_CONTENT',
+      'SEASON_AUTOPILOT',
+      'PHENOLOGY',
+    ] as const) {
+      expect(DEFAULT_RULES[trigger].actionTemplate).toBe('');
+    }
+  });
+});

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/rule-config.types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+import type { ColonyType, RawMaterialKind } from '../../../generated/prisma';
+import type {
+  PhenologyPhaseKey,
+  SeasonSegmentKey,
+} from '../../season/season-types';
+
+/** One invalid setting of a rule: the field path and a German message. */
+export interface RuleConfigIssue {
+  field: string;
+  message: string;
+}
+
+export interface RuleConfigParser<T> {
+  /** The built-in setting; also what an empty or unusable config reads as. */
+  readonly defaults: T;
+  /** Never throws: each invalid key falls back to its default (and is logged). */
+  parse(json: unknown): T;
+  /** Reports the known keys that are present and invalid; nothing else. */
+  validate(json: unknown): RuleConfigIssue[];
+}
+
+export interface SimpleRuleConfig {
+  notify: boolean;
+  dueInDays?: number;
+  minGrams?: Partial<Record<RawMaterialKind, number>>;
+}
+
+export interface NumberFormatConfig {
+  format: string;
+}
+
+export interface VarroaThresholdConfig {
+  naturalFall: {
+    seasonMonths: number[];
+    yellowFrom: number;
+    redAbove: number;
+    winterRedAbove: number;
+  };
+  infestationPercent: {
+    summerMonths: number[];
+    summer: { yellowFrom: number; redAbove: number };
+    autumnMonths: number[];
+    autumn: { yellowFrom: number; redAbove: number };
+  };
+  youngColonyFactor: number;
+  youngColonyTypes: ColonyType[];
+  recheckAfterDays: number;
+  notify: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface InspectionIntervalConfig {
+  intervalDays: Record<Exclude<SeasonSegmentKey, 'WINTERRUHE'>, number>;
+}
+
+export interface ChainConfig {
+  dueInDays: number;
+  notify: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface PlanStepConfig {
+  step: string;
+  offsetDays: number;
+  windowDays?: number;
+}
+
+export interface SplitScheduleConfig {
+  RAISE_OWN: PlanStepConfig[];
+  QUEEN_CELL: PlanStepConfig[];
+  QUEEN: PlanStepConfig[];
+  notify: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface WaterContentConfig {
+  warnAbovePercent: number;
+  confirmAbovePercent: number;
+  byHoneyType: Record<
+    string,
+    { warnAbovePercent?: number; confirmAbovePercent?: number }
+  >;
+}
+
+export const AUTOPILOT_RULE_IDS = [
+  'A1',
+  'A2',
+  'A3',
+  'A4',
+  'A5',
+  'A6',
+  'A7',
+  'A8',
+  'A9',
+  'A10',
+] as const;
+export type AutopilotRuleId = (typeof AUTOPILOT_RULE_IDS)[number];
+
+export interface SeasonAutopilotConfig {
+  honeySuperMinFrames: number;
+  varroaMeasureIntervalDays: number;
+  winterVarroaWindow: { from: string; to: string };
+  queenMaxAgeYears: number;
+  suggestionTtlDays: number;
+  maxStepsPerColony: number;
+  rules: Record<AutopilotRuleId, boolean>;
+}
+
+export interface PhenologyConfig {
+  useGts: boolean;
+  gtsThresholds: Partial<Record<PhenologyPhaseKey, number>>;
+  calibrateFromReports: boolean;
+  calibratePhases: PhenologyPhaseKey[];
+  calendarFallback: Record<PhenologyPhaseKey, string>;
+  swarmSeason: { from: PhenologyPhaseKey; until: PhenologyPhaseKey };
+  maxGapShare: number;
+}
+
+/** One entry per AutomationTriggerType. */
+export interface RuleConfigMap {
+  VARROA_THRESHOLD: VarroaThresholdConfig;
+  INSPECTION_INTERVAL: InspectionIntervalConfig;
+  QUEEN_CELLS_SWARM_CHECK: ChainConfig;
+  QUEEN_ACCEPTANCE_CHECK: ChainConfig;
+  SPLIT_SCHEDULE: SplitScheduleConfig;
+  COLONY_ENDED_CLEANUP: Record<string, never>;
+  WITHDRAWAL_ENDED: { notify: boolean };
+  HONEY_WATER_CONTENT: WaterContentConfig;
+  SEASON_AUTOPILOT: SeasonAutopilotConfig;
+  PHENOLOGY: PhenologyConfig;
+  HONEY_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT: NumberFormatConfig;
+  BOTTLING_LOT_NUMBER_FORMAT: NumberFormatConfig;
+  RAW_MATERIAL_LOT_NUMBER_FORMAT: NumberFormatConfig;
+  PRODUCTION_BATCH_NUMBER_FORMAT: NumberFormatConfig;
+  QUEENLESS_NO_EGGS: SimpleRuleConfig;
+  FEED_STATUS_CRITICAL: SimpleRuleConfig;
+  SWARM_MOOD_HIGH: SimpleRuleConfig;
+  COLONY_HEALTH_CRITICAL: SimpleRuleConfig;
+  STOCK_ITEM_LOW: SimpleRuleConfig;
+  RAW_MATERIAL_LOW: SimpleRuleConfig;
+  TREATMENT_FOLLOW_UP: SimpleRuleConfig;
+  FEEDING_FOLLOW_UP: SimpleRuleConfig;
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/season-autopilot.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+import {
+  bool,
+  childScope,
+  has,
+  intIn,
+  makeParser,
+  monthDay,
+  report,
+} from './parse-helpers';
+import {
+  AUTOPILOT_RULE_IDS,
+  type SeasonAutopilotConfig,
+} from './rule-config.types';
+
+export const DEFAULT_SEASON_AUTOPILOT_CONFIG: SeasonAutopilotConfig = {
+  honeySuperMinFrames: 8,
+  varroaMeasureIntervalDays: 28,
+  winterVarroaWindow: { from: '11-15', to: '12-20' },
+  queenMaxAgeYears: 2,
+  suggestionTtlDays: 30,
+  maxStepsPerColony: 3,
+  rules: {
+    A1: true,
+    A2: true,
+    A3: true,
+    A4: true,
+    A5: true,
+    A6: true,
+    A7: true,
+    A8: true,
+    A9: true,
+    A10: true,
+  },
+};
+
+export const seasonAutopilotParser = makeParser<SeasonAutopilotConfig>(
+  'SEASON_AUTOPILOT',
+  DEFAULT_SEASON_AUTOPILOT_CONFIG,
+  (scope) => {
+    const d = DEFAULT_SEASON_AUTOPILOT_CONFIG;
+
+    const windowScope = childScope(scope, 'winterVarroaWindow');
+    let winterVarroaWindow = {
+      from: monthDay(windowScope, 'from', d.winterVarroaWindow.from),
+      to: monthDay(windowScope, 'to', d.winterVarroaWindow.to),
+    };
+    if (winterVarroaWindow.from > winterVarroaWindow.to) {
+      report(
+        windowScope,
+        has(windowScope, 'from') ? 'from' : 'to',
+        'Das Fenster muss innerhalb eines Jahres liegen: Beginn vor Ende.',
+      );
+      winterVarroaWindow = { ...d.winterVarroaWindow };
+    }
+
+    const ruleScope = childScope(scope, 'rules');
+    const rules = { ...d.rules };
+    for (const id of AUTOPILOT_RULE_IDS) {
+      rules[id] = bool(ruleScope, id, d.rules[id]);
+    }
+
+    return {
+      honeySuperMinFrames: intIn(
+        scope,
+        'honeySuperMinFrames',
+        d.honeySuperMinFrames,
+        1,
+        40,
+      ),
+      varroaMeasureIntervalDays: intIn(
+        scope,
+        'varroaMeasureIntervalDays',
+        d.varroaMeasureIntervalDays,
+        7,
+        90,
+      ),
+      winterVarroaWindow,
+      queenMaxAgeYears: intIn(
+        scope,
+        'queenMaxAgeYears',
+        d.queenMaxAgeYears,
+        1,
+        10,
+      ),
+      suggestionTtlDays: intIn(
+        scope,
+        'suggestionTtlDays',
+        d.suggestionTtlDays,
+        1,
+        365,
+      ),
+      maxStepsPerColony: intIn(
+        scope,
+        'maxStepsPerColony',
+        d.maxStepsPerColony,
+        1,
+        3,
+      ),
+      rules,
+    };
+  },
+);

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/simple.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+import { RawMaterialKind } from '../../../generated/prisma';
+import {
+  bool,
+  childScope,
+  has,
+  isCleared,
+  makeParser,
+  numberIn,
+  optionalIntIn,
+  stringIn,
+} from './parse-helpers';
+import type {
+  NumberFormatConfig,
+  RuleConfigParser,
+  SimpleRuleConfig,
+} from './rule-config.types';
+
+const MAX_DUE_IN_DAYS = 365;
+/** Far above any minimum stock of wax or propolis. */
+const MAX_MIN_GRAMS = 1_000_000_000;
+const MAX_NUMBER_FORMAT_LENGTH = 100;
+const RAW_MATERIAL_KINDS = Object.values(RawMaterialKind);
+
+export interface SimpleRuleOptions {
+  /** Whether the rule notifies by default. */
+  notify: boolean;
+  /** RAW_MATERIAL_LOW reads a minimum per kind. */
+  withMinGrams?: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Rules that create one task: notify, an optional follow-up interval
+ * (dueInDays) and, for the raw material rule, minGrams per kind.
+ */
+export function simpleParser(
+  trigger: string,
+  options: SimpleRuleOptions,
+): RuleConfigParser<SimpleRuleConfig> {
+  return makeParser<SimpleRuleConfig>(
+    trigger,
+    { notify: options.notify },
+    (scope) => {
+      const config: SimpleRuleConfig = {
+        notify: bool(scope, 'notify', options.notify),
+      };
+      const dueInDays = optionalIntIn(scope, 'dueInDays', 0, MAX_DUE_IN_DAYS);
+      if (dueInDays !== undefined) {
+        config.dueInDays = dueInDays;
+      }
+      if (
+        options.withMinGrams &&
+        has(scope, 'minGrams') &&
+        !isCleared(scope, 'minGrams')
+      ) {
+        const minScope = childScope(scope, 'minGrams');
+        const minGrams: Partial<Record<RawMaterialKind, number>> = {};
+        for (const kind of RAW_MATERIAL_KINDS) {
+          if (isCleared(minScope, kind)) {
+            continue;
+          }
+          const grams = numberIn(minScope, kind, Number.NaN, 0, MAX_MIN_GRAMS);
+          if (!Number.isNaN(grams)) {
+            minGrams[kind] = grams;
+          }
+        }
+        if (Object.keys(minGrams).length > 0) {
+          config.minGrams = minGrams;
+        }
+      }
+      return config;
+    },
+  );
+}
+
+/** The batch/lot number rules: one format string with placeholders. */
+export function numberFormatParser(
+  trigger: string,
+  defaultFormat: string,
+): RuleConfigParser<NumberFormatConfig> {
+  return makeParser<NumberFormatConfig>(
+    trigger,
+    { format: defaultFormat },
+    (scope) => ({
+      format: stringIn(
+        scope,
+        'format',
+        defaultFormat,
+        1,
+        MAX_NUMBER_FORMAT_LENGTH,
+      ),
+    }),
+  );
+}

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/split-schedule.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+import {
+  asRecord,
+  bool,
+  fieldPath,
+  has,
+  intIn,
+  makeParser,
+  optionalIntIn,
+  report,
+  stringIn,
+  type Scope,
+} from './parse-helpers';
+import type { PlanStepConfig, SplitScheduleConfig } from './rule-config.types';
+
+type SplitVariant = 'RAISE_OWN' | 'QUEEN_CELL' | 'QUEEN';
+
+const MAX_STEPS_PER_VARIANT = 10;
+const MAX_OFFSET_DAYS = 120;
+const MAX_WINDOW_DAYS = 30;
+const STEP_NAME = /^[A-Z][A-Z_]{1,39}$/;
+
+export const DEFAULT_SPLIT_SCHEDULE_CONFIG: SplitScheduleConfig = {
+  RAISE_OWN: [
+    { step: 'RAISE_CELLS_CHECK', offsetDays: 9 },
+    { step: 'MATING_CHECK', offsetDays: 21, windowDays: 3 },
+    { step: 'EGGS_CHECK', offsetDays: 28 },
+  ],
+  QUEEN_CELL: [{ step: 'EGGS_CHECK', offsetDays: 21 }],
+  QUEEN: [{ step: 'ACCEPTANCE_CHECK', offsetDays: 7 }],
+  notify: false,
+};
+
+function clonedSteps(variant: SplitVariant): PlanStepConfig[] {
+  return DEFAULT_SPLIT_SCHEDULE_CONFIG[variant].map((step) => ({ ...step }));
+}
+
+/** Scope of one list entry: its path is `VARIANT[index]`. */
+function stepScope(
+  scope: Scope,
+  variant: SplitVariant,
+  index: number,
+  raw: unknown,
+): Scope | null {
+  const record = asRecord(raw);
+  const path = `${fieldPath(scope, variant)}[${index}]`;
+  if (record === null) {
+    scope.issues.push({
+      field: path,
+      message: 'Bitte jeden Schritt als Gruppe senden.',
+    });
+    return null;
+  }
+  return { raw: record, path, issues: scope.issues };
+}
+
+function readSteps(scope: Scope, variant: SplitVariant): PlanStepConfig[] {
+  if (!has(scope, variant)) {
+    return clonedSteps(variant);
+  }
+  const list = scope.raw[variant];
+  if (!Array.isArray(list) || list.length > MAX_STEPS_PER_VARIANT) {
+    report(
+      scope,
+      variant,
+      `Bitte eine Liste mit höchstens ${MAX_STEPS_PER_VARIANT} Schritten senden.`,
+    );
+    return clonedSteps(variant);
+  }
+  const before = scope.issues.length;
+  const steps: PlanStepConfig[] = [];
+  list.forEach((entry: unknown, index) => {
+    const item = stepScope(scope, variant, index, entry);
+    if (item === null) {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!has(item, 'step')) {
+      scope.issues.push({
+        field: `${item.path}.step`,
+        message: 'Bitte den Schritt angeben.',
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+    const step: PlanStepConfig = {
+      step: stringIn(item, 'step', '', 2, 40, STEP_NAME),
+      offsetDays: intIn(item, 'offsetDays', 0, 0, MAX_OFFSET_DAYS),
+    };
+    const windowDays = optionalIntIn(item, 'windowDays', 0, MAX_WINDOW_DAYS);
+    if (windowDays !== undefined) {
+      step.windowDays = windowDays;
+    }
+    steps.push(step);
+  });
+  // One bad entry makes the whole list unreliable: back to the default plan.
+  return scope.issues.length > before ? clonedSteps(variant) : steps;
+}
+
+export const splitScheduleParser = makeParser<SplitScheduleConfig>(
+  'SPLIT_SCHEDULE',
+  DEFAULT_SPLIT_SCHEDULE_CONFIG,
+  (scope) => ({
+    RAISE_OWN: readSteps(scope, 'RAISE_OWN'),
+    QUEEN_CELL: readSteps(scope, 'QUEEN_CELL'),
+    QUEEN: readSteps(scope, 'QUEEN'),
+    notify: bool(scope, 'notify', DEFAULT_SPLIT_SCHEDULE_CONFIG.notify),
+  }),
+);

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/varroa-threshold.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+import { ColonyType } from '../../../generated/prisma';
+import {
+  bool,
+  childScope,
+  enumList,
+  has,
+  intIn,
+  makeParser,
+  months,
+  numberIn,
+  report,
+  type Scope,
+} from './parse-helpers';
+import type { VarroaThresholdConfig } from './rule-config.types';
+
+const MAX_RECHECK_DAYS = 60;
+
+export const DEFAULT_VARROA_THRESHOLD_CONFIG: VarroaThresholdConfig = {
+  naturalFall: {
+    seasonMonths: [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
+    yellowFrom: 5,
+    redAbove: 10,
+    winterRedAbove: 0.5,
+  },
+  infestationPercent: {
+    summerMonths: [5, 6, 7],
+    summer: { yellowFrom: 1, redAbove: 5 },
+    autumnMonths: [8, 9, 10],
+    autumn: { yellowFrom: 2, redAbove: 5 },
+  },
+  youngColonyFactor: 0.5,
+  youngColonyTypes: ['YOUNG_COLONY', 'NUCLEUS_COLONY', 'MATING_NUCLEUS'],
+  recheckAfterDays: 14,
+  notify: true,
+};
+
+/** Upper limits: mites per day cannot get near 1000; a percentage stops at 100. */
+const MAX_MITES_PER_DAY = 1000;
+const MAX_PERCENT = 100;
+
+/**
+ * The key before the bands existed: natural mite fall that counts as red.
+ * A present but unusable value is reported.
+ */
+function legacyThreshold(scope: Scope): number | undefined {
+  if (!has(scope, 'thresholdMitesPerDay')) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+  const value = scope.raw.thresholdMitesPerDay;
+  if (typeof value === 'number' && Number.isFinite(value) && value > 0) {
+    return value;
+  }
+  report(
+    scope,
+    'thresholdMitesPerDay',
+    'Bitte eine Zahl größer als 0 angeben.',
+  );
+  return undefined;
+}
+
+interface Band {
+  yellowFrom: number;
+  redAbove: number;
+}
+
+interface BandLimits {
+  max: number;
+  /** The red limit itself must be above zero. */
+  redAboveZero?: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * yellowFrom and redAbove of one band. An absent yellowFrom never ends above
+ * redAbove; a given one that does is reported and replaced.
+ */
+function readBand(
+  scope: Scope,
+  defaults: Band,
+  limits: BandLimits,
+  legacyRed?: number,
+): Band {
+  const redAbove = numberIn(
+    scope,
+    'redAbove',
+    legacyRed ?? defaults.redAbove,
+    0,
+    limits.max,
+    { exclusiveMin: limits.redAboveZero },
+  );
+  const yellowDefault = Math.min(defaults.yellowFrom, redAbove);
+  const yellowFrom = numberIn(
+    scope,
+    'yellowFrom',
+    yellowDefault,
+    0,
+    limits.max,
+  );
+  if (yellowFrom > redAbove) {
+    report(
+      scope,
+      'yellowFrom',
+      'Der gelbe Wert darf nicht über dem roten Wert liegen.',
+    );
+    return { yellowFrom: yellowDefault, redAbove };
+  }
+  return { yellowFrom, redAbove };
+}
+
+const COLONY_TYPES = Object.values(ColonyType);
+
+export const varroaThresholdParser = makeParser<VarroaThresholdConfig>(
+  'VARROA_THRESHOLD',
+  DEFAULT_VARROA_THRESHOLD_CONFIG,
+  (scope) => {
+    const d = DEFAULT_VARROA_THRESHOLD_CONFIG;
+
+    const legacy = legacyThreshold(scope);
+    const fall = childScope(scope, 'naturalFall');
+    const fallBand = readBand(
+      fall,
+      d.naturalFall,
+      { max: MAX_MITES_PER_DAY, redAboveZero: true },
+      legacy,
+    );
+    const naturalFall = {
+      seasonMonths: months(fall, 'seasonMonths', d.naturalFall.seasonMonths),
+      ...fallBand,
+      winterRedAbove: numberIn(
+        fall,
+        'winterRedAbove',
+        d.naturalFall.winterRedAbove,
+        0,
+        MAX_MITES_PER_DAY,
+      ),
+    };
+
+    const percent = childScope(scope, 'infestationPercent');
+    const infestationPercent = {
+      summerMonths: months(
+        percent,
+        'summerMonths',
+        d.infestationPercent.summerMonths,
+      ),
+      summer: readBand(
+        childScope(percent, 'summer'),
+        d.infestationPercent.summer,
+        { max: MAX_PERCENT },
+      ),
+      autumnMonths: months(
+        percent,
+        'autumnMonths',
+        d.infestationPercent.autumnMonths,
+      ),
+      autumn: readBand(
+        childScope(percent, 'autumn'),
+        d.infestationPercent.autumn,
+        { max: MAX_PERCENT },
+      ),
+    };
+
+    return {
+      naturalFall,
+      infestationPercent,
+      youngColonyFactor: numberIn(
+        scope,
+        'youngColonyFactor',
+        d.youngColonyFactor,
+        0,
+        1,
+        { exclusiveMin: true },
+      ),
+      youngColonyTypes: enumList(
+        scope,
+        'youngColonyTypes',
+        d.youngColonyTypes,
+        COLONY_TYPES,
+      ),
+      recheckAfterDays: intIn(
+        scope,
+        'recheckAfterDays',
+        d.recheckAfterDays,
+        0,
+        MAX_RECHECK_DAYS,
+      ),
+      notify: bool(scope, 'notify', d.notify),
+    };
+  },
+);

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/rule-config/water-content.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+import {
+  childScope,
+  has,
+  makeParser,
+  numberIn,
+  optionalNumberIn,
+  report,
+  type Scope,
+} from './parse-helpers';
+import type { WaterContentConfig } from './rule-config.types';
+
+const MIN_WATER_PERCENT = 10;
+const MAX_WATER_PERCENT = 30;
+const MAX_HONEY_TYPES = 50;
+const MAX_HONEY_TYPE_LENGTH = 100;
+
+export const DEFAULT_WATER_CONTENT_CONFIG: WaterContentConfig = {
+  warnAbovePercent: 18,
+  confirmAbovePercent: 20,
+  byHoneyType: {},
+};
+
+function percent(scope: Scope, key: string, fallback: number): number {
+  return numberIn(scope, key, fallback, MIN_WATER_PERCENT, MAX_WATER_PERCENT);
+}
+
+const ORDER_MESSAGE =
+  'Die Warnschwelle darf nicht über der Bestätigungsschwelle liegen.';
+
+function readHoneyTypes(scope: Scope): WaterContentConfig['byHoneyType'] {
+  const types = childScope(scope, 'byHoneyType');
+  const names = Object.keys(types.raw);
+  if (names.length > MAX_HONEY_TYPES) {
+    report(scope, 'byHoneyType', `Höchstens ${MAX_HONEY_TYPES} Sorten.`);
+    return {};
+  }
+  const entries: [
+    string,
+    { warnAbovePercent?: number; confirmAbovePercent?: number },
+  ][] = [];
+  for (const name of names) {
+    if (name.length === 0 || name.length > MAX_HONEY_TYPE_LENGTH) {
+      report(types, name.slice(0, 30), 'Der Sortenname ist ungültig.');
+      continue;
+    }
+    const entry = childScope(types, name);
+    const before = entry.issues.length;
+    const value: { warnAbovePercent?: number; confirmAbovePercent?: number } =
+      {};
+    const warn = optionalNumberIn(
+      entry,
+      'warnAbovePercent',
+      MIN_WATER_PERCENT,
+      MAX_WATER_PERCENT,
+    );
+    const confirm = optionalNumberIn(
+      entry,
+      'confirmAbovePercent',
+      MIN_WATER_PERCENT,
+      MAX_WATER_PERCENT,
+    );
+    if (warn !== undefined && confirm !== undefined && warn > confirm) {
+      report(entry, 'warnAbovePercent', ORDER_MESSAGE);
+    }
+    if (entry.issues.length > before) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (warn !== undefined) {
+      value.warnAbovePercent = warn;
+    }
+    if (confirm !== undefined) {
+      value.confirmAbovePercent = confirm;
+    }
+    entries.push([name, value]);
+  }
+  // fromEntries defines own properties, so a name like "__proto__" is harmless.
+  return Object.fromEntries(entries);
+}
+
+export const waterContentParser = makeParser<WaterContentConfig>(
+  'HONEY_WATER_CONTENT',
+  DEFAULT_WATER_CONTENT_CONFIG,
+  (scope) => {
+    const d = DEFAULT_WATER_CONTENT_CONFIG;
+    let warnAbovePercent = percent(
+      scope,
+      'warnAbovePercent',
+      d.warnAbovePercent,
+    );
+    let confirmAbovePercent = percent(
+      scope,
+      'confirmAbovePercent',
+      d.confirmAbovePercent,
+    );
+    if (warnAbovePercent > confirmAbovePercent) {
+      report(
+        scope,
+        has(scope, 'warnAbovePercent')
+          ? 'warnAbovePercent'
+          : 'confirmAbovePercent',
+        ORDER_MESSAGE,
+      );
+      warnAbovePercent = d.warnAbovePercent;
+      confirmAbovePercent = d.confirmAbovePercent;
+    }
+    return {
+      warnAbovePercent,
+      confirmAbovePercent,
+      byHoneyType: readHoneyTypes(scope),
+    };
+  },
+);

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/varroa-threshold.spec.ts

@@ -26,6 +26,24 @@ describe('varroaThresholdOf', () => {
     ).toBe(7);
   });
 
+  it('reads naturalFall.redAbove from the band format', () => {
+    expect(
+      varroaThresholdOf({
+        active: true,
+        config: { naturalFall: { redAbove: 8 } },
+      }),
+    ).toBe(8);
+  });
+
+  it('prefers the band format over the legacy key', () => {
+    expect(
+      varroaThresholdOf({
+        active: true,
+        config: { thresholdMitesPerDay: 7, naturalFall: { redAbove: 8 } },
+      }),
+    ).toBe(8);
+  });
+
   it.each([
     ['a string', { thresholdMitesPerDay: 'x' }],
     ['zero', { thresholdMitesPerDay: 0 }],

ApiCore-Backend/src/automation/varroa-threshold.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,19 @@
 import type { AutomationRule } from '../../generated/prisma';
+import { ruleConfigOf } from './rule-config';
+import { DEFAULT_VARROA_THRESHOLD_CONFIG } from './rule-config/varroa-threshold.config';
 
 /** Default natural mite fall (mites per day) that triggers the varroa rule. */
-export const DEFAULT_VARROA_THRESHOLD_MITES_PER_DAY = 10;
+export const DEFAULT_VARROA_THRESHOLD_MITES_PER_DAY =
+  DEFAULT_VARROA_THRESHOLD_CONFIG.naturalFall.redAbove;
 
 /**
- * Effective varroa threshold of the VARROA_THRESHOLD rule.
+ * Effective varroa threshold of the VARROA_THRESHOLD rule: the red limit of
+ * the natural mite fall (naturalFall.redAbove; the legacy key
+ * thresholdMitesPerDay reads the same). Task 7 replaces this with the bands.
  * - no rule row yet: the default rule applies (ensureDefaults creates it active)
  * - inactive rule: null (no threshold in force)
- * - active rule: the configured value, or the default if it is not a
- *   positive finite number (a hand-edited config must never disable the check).
+ * - active rule: the configured value, or the default if it is not usable
+ *   (a hand-edited config must never disable the check).
  */
 export function varroaThresholdOf(
   rule: Pick<AutomationRule, 'active' | 'config'> | null,
@@ -19,12 +24,5 @@ export function varroaThresholdOf(
   if (!rule.active) {
     return null;
   }
-  const config = rule.config;
-  if (typeof config !== 'object' || config === null || Array.isArray(config)) {
-    return DEFAULT_VARROA_THRESHOLD_MITES_PER_DAY;
-  }
-  const value = (config as Record<string, unknown>).thresholdMitesPerDay;
-  return typeof value === 'number' && Number.isFinite(value) && value > 0
-    ? value
-    : DEFAULT_VARROA_THRESHOLD_MITES_PER_DAY;
+  return ruleConfigOf('VARROA_THRESHOLD', rule.config).naturalFall.redAbove;
 }