feat: RBAC Rollen & Rechte (Phase 1 - Datenmodell, Roles-Verwaltung, Guard-Infrastruktur)

Replaces the fixed 5-value Role enum with a database-driven Role/Permission
model: admins can create custom roles with a precise per-resource/action
permission set (83-key code-owned catalog), instead of being locked to
ADMIN/BEEKEEPER/STAFF/READONLY/API_CLIENT.

- New Role/Permission/RolePermission tables; legacy Role enum renamed to
  LegacyRole and kept as User.legacyRole so all existing @Roles() call
  sites keep working unchanged during the migration.
- New RolesController/RolesService (CRUD, permission-set editing,
  deactivate/reactivate) with lockout-prevention invariants: system roles
  (ADMIN) can't be edited or deactivated, and a role still assigned to
  users can't be deactivated.
- New PermissionResolverService (30s-cached, DB-fresh per user) and
  PermissionsGuard + @RequirePermission(), registered as an additional
  APP_GUARD alongside the legacy RolesGuard so both systems run
  side-by-side until controllers are migrated in Phase 2.
- PermissionCatalogSyncService seeds any new catalog entries into the DB
  on boot, so future features only touch the TS catalog.
- New GET /auth/me returns the caller's role and effective permissions.
- Migration hand-written (destructive column rename) with grants derived
  from a fresh grep of every existing @Roles() call site, verified
  against 5 controllers read in full for STAFF's exact write boundary.
- test/roles.e2e-spec.ts covers the new endpoints and invariants end to
  end; test/authorization-coverage.e2e-spec.ts added but skipped until
  Phase 2 gives every controller a @RequirePermission.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <[email protected]>

ApiCore-Backend/src/app.module.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { HealthModule } from './health/health.module';
 import { AuditModule } from './audit/audit.module';
 import { UsersModule } from './users/users.module';
 import { AuthModule } from './auth/auth.module';
+import { RolesModule } from './roles/roles.module';
 import { ApiariesModule } from './apiaries/apiaries.module';
 import { ColoniesModule } from './colonies/colonies.module';
 import { QueensModule } from './queens/queens.module';
@@ -38,16 +39,20 @@ import { TaskTemplatesModule } from './task-templates/task-templates.module';
 import { SwarmControlModule } from './swarm-control/swarm-control.module';
 import { JwtAuthGuard } from './auth/guards/jwt-auth.guard';
 import { RolesGuard } from './auth/guards/roles.guard';
+import { PermissionsGuard } from './auth/guards/permissions.guard';
+import { PermissionsModule } from './auth/permissions/permissions.module';
 
 @Module({
   imports: [
     ConfigModule.forRoot({ isGlobal: true }),
     ThrottlerModule.forRoot([{ name: 'default', ttl: 60000, limit: 100 }]),
     PrismaModule,
+    PermissionsModule,
     AuditModule,
     HealthModule,
     UsersModule,
     AuthModule,
+    RolesModule,
     ApiariesModule,
     ColoniesModule,
     QueensModule,
@@ -82,6 +87,7 @@ import { RolesGuard } from './auth/guards/roles.guard';
   providers: [
     { provide: APP_GUARD, useClass: JwtAuthGuard },
     { provide: APP_GUARD, useClass: RolesGuard },
+    { provide: APP_GUARD, useClass: PermissionsGuard },
     { provide: APP_GUARD, useClass: ThrottlerGuard },
   ],
 })